Health Information Behavior and Paternal Involvement of Low-Income Expectant and Recent Fathers

Given the importance of paternal involvement in maternal and child health, the current transdisciplinary investigation is a step towards unraveling factors related to paternal involvement by taking a closer look at low-income expectant and recent (E/R) fathers\u27 health information behavior. The study evaluates the belief that information acquisition associates with fathers\u27 involvement in the pregnancy, childbirth, and childcare. A total of 186 E/R fathers (68 low-income) completed a survey about their information needs, sources of information, and information-seeking behavior. A strong association between E/R fathers\u27 health information-seeking behavior and paternal involvement was observed, and the relationship persisted among low-income groups. From a theoretical perspective, results suggest health information-seeking corresponds with behavioral, attitudinal, and structural dimensions of paternal involvement. Four statements summarize practical applications informing health communication interventions helping E/R fathers get the information they need during a partner\u27s pregnancy or after a child is born: (a) Paternal information needs are diverse, (b) Information needs change across stages of child development, (c) Interpersonal sources are important before and after birth, and (d) Relationships matter

The Effect Of Nurse Characteristics On Satisfaction With Professionalism In The Work Environment

PURPOSE AND BACKGROUND/SIGNIFICANCE: This study aims to investigates the relationship between RN characteristics and satisfaction with professionalism in the work environment and explore differences in RN satisfaction based on RN characteristics. Positive organizational culture and professionalism are two resources that can increase job retention. By examining the relationship between RN characteristics and organizational culture, we can understand which RN characteristics influence nurses’ satisfaction with professionalism in their work environment. THEORETICAL/CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK: Four aspects of professionalism, which have been identified through prior research, will be examined: autonomy, decision-making, professional status of nurses, and professional development opportunities. Previous research has also identified characteristics of nurses, which are related to differences in RN satisfaction and professionalism. The current study focuses on RN characteristics with previously identified relationships to RN satisfaction, including education, gender, certification, age, and tenure. METHOD: This descriptive study is a secondary-analysis, using correlation and General Linear Model methods to examine data from the 2013 National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators (NDNQI) RN satisfaction annual survey. The RN Job Satisfaction Scales are measured at the unit level, and one item from each scale is also measured at the individual RN level. Individual level responses by unit type were examined in relationship to RN characteristics. A sample of 42,515 RNs responded to all of the individual level items as well the RN characteristics in 2013. RESULTS: Using correlation methods to examine data, findings identified there is very little relationship between RN characteristics and increased satisfaction with professionalism in the work environment. General Linear Model methods were then used to determine if there were differences in RN satisfaction with professionalism in the work environment based on RN characteristics. These results were statistically significant but with very small effect sizes. The practical implications were not substantial. CONCLUSIONS: Organizations seeking to increase RN satisfaction and improve patient outcomes should be aware of the RN characteristics that are correlated with RN satisfaction, specifically as they relate to professionalism in the work environment. These results provide valuable information to healthcare organizations seeking to increase RN satisfaction and improve patient outcomes

The Effects of Nurse Education and Certification on Hospital-Acquired Infections

Paper submitted to the University of Kansas School of Nursing in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Nursing Honors Program.The University of Kansas School of Nursing Bachelor of Science Nursing Honors Progra

UNIFORM SPERM MORPHOLOGY IN THE LEK-BREEDING WIRE-TAILED MANAKIN (PIPRA FILICAUDA)

Abstract ∙ When females copulate with multiple males, selection on spermatozoa can reduce variation in sperm morphology. We describe sperm morphology for a polygynous lek-breeding suboscine, the Wire-tailed Manakin (Pipra filicauda). Total sperm length averaged 41.5 ± 0.7 μm and the among-individual coefficient of variation in total sperm length was 1.8%. Variation was considerably lower than in the other manakin species with known sperm morphology, the Lance-tailed Manakin (Chiroxiphia lanceolata), despite similar promiscuity levels. This result highlights the need for further work on spermatozoa in lek-breeding species. Resumen ∙ Morfología uniforme en el esperma del Saltarín Uirapuru (Pipra filicauda), una especie con sistema de apareamiento de lek Cuando las hembras copulan con más de un macho, selección actuando al nivel del espermatozoide puede reducir la variación en la morfología del esperma. Aquí describimos la morfología del esperma para una especie poligínica de suboscín con sistema de apareamiento de lek, el Saltarín Uirapuru (Pipra filicauda). Los espermatozoides tuvieron una longitud total promedio de 41.5 ± 0.7 μm, y el coeficiente de variación para la longitud total fue de 1.8%. El nivel de variación fue menor que en la otra especie de saltarín estudiada al respecto, el Saltarín Lanceolado (Chiroxiphia lanceolata), aunque ambas especies tienen casi el mismo nivel de promiscuidad. Estos resultados sugieren la necesidad de más estudios sobre especies de aves con este sistema de apareamiento

The influence of “westernization” on nutrition and physical activity behaviors of adolescents in New Delhi, India: Are we exporting an epidemic of obesity?

Purpose. To examine the relationships between “westernization” and nutrition and physical activity behaviors among older adolescents in Delhi, India. These relations have not been explored, despite increasingly strong and pervasive socio-cultural influences from the West. Methods. Students (n=1818) in 8th and 10th grades in 4 Private (higher SES) and 4 Government (lower SES) schools in Delhi, India participated in a cross-sectional study. Height and weight were measured to determine weight status. Information on “westernization” and nutrition, physical activity, sedentary, and dieting behaviors was collected in a survey. The measure of “westernization” assessed 4 domains of culture on a bi-dimensional scale that focused on these young people’s identification with Indian (α=0.86) and Western (α=0.81) ways of living. Mixed-effects regression models were used to investigate the association between “westernization,” weight status, and health behaviors. Gender, school type (SES), and grade were evaluated as effect modifiers. Results. “Westernization” was not directly associated with weight status or BMI (p\u3e0.500). However, adolescents’ identification with Western ways of living was consistently related to both unhealthy (e.g., fast food consumption, pppConclusions. The influence of “westernization” on nutrition and physical activity behaviors of older adolescents in Delhi, India is complex and not wholly negative, as might be hypothesized

Group-level differences in visual search asymmetry

East Asians and Westerners differ in various aspects of perception and cognition. For example, visual memory for East Asians is believed to be more influenced by the contextual aspects of a scene than is the case for Westerners (Masuda & Nisbett, 2001). There are also differences in visual search: for Westerners, search for a long line among short is faster than for short among long, whereas this difference does not appear to hold for East Asians (Ueda et al., submitted). However, it is unclear how these group-level differences originate. To investigate the extent to which they depend upon environment, we tested visual search and visual memory in East Asian immigrants who had lived in Canada for different amounts of time. Recent immigrants were found to exhibit no search asymmetry, unlike Westerners who had spent their lives in Canada. However, immigrants who had lived in Canada for more than two years showed performance comparable to that of Westerners. These differences could not be explained by the general analytic/holistic processing distinction believed to differentiate Westerners and East Asians, since all observers showed a strong holistic tendency for visual recognition. Results instead support the suggestion that exposure to a new environment can significantly affect the particular processes used to perceive a given stimulus