Tolerance Behavior In Coyotes (Canis latrans), A Flexible Urban Predator

The behavioral mechanisms by which urban wildlife cope with human disturbance stimuli in urban landscapes are poorly understood. Such understanding can be important for wildlife managers, especially if the species is of concern to human and pet safety, such as most carnivorans. Here, we evaluate coyote behavioral tolerance of the presence of humans, pets, and anthropogenic landscapes to better understand how coyotes are behaviorally conditioned to life in urbanizing landscapes. Using continuous focal follow and instantaneous scan sampling rules, we collected data on coyote time to initiate flight (TIF) and intensity of flight response. Results demonstrate that TIF varies by site (Kruskal Wallis 2 = 25.693; P = 0.0001), though models indicate that that these differences are due neither to human or dog presence, nor anthropogenic land cover. The more robust predictor of coyote behavior were abiotic environmental covariates such as temperature. Intensity of behavioral response was not dependent on time of day or cover but was impacted by microhabitat, suggesting that tolerance to human disturbance may be modulated by coyote location within urban landscapes. These data provide a baseline understanding of how coyotes habituate in human-dominated landscapes, which may prove useful to managers when attempting to profile potentially problematic individual animals.</p

Information and Labor Markets in the Philippines.

This dissertation explores barriers to job-search and labor migration in the Philippines. In my first chapter, I test the impact of factual information and experience attending a job fair on individuals' job-search processes and labor-market outcomes through a field experiment I conduct in the rural Philippines. Assignment to a voucher to encourage job-fair attendance more than doubles the likelihood of looking for work in Manila in the two months following the fair and increases formal sector employment ten months after the fair by 38 percent. Direct provision of information about average wages or minimum qualifications for overseas work does not affect individuals' decisions to look for work overseas, though it does affect their beliefs in predictable ways. These results indicate that a relatively modest increase in labor-market exposure, such as that obtained from attending a job fair, can have lasting effects on individuals' job-search effort and employment outcomes. The second chapter uses this same field experiment to explore how individuals self-select into job search for overseas work. I examine the impact of a randomized one-time incentive to initiate job search on this selection. Subsidizing job-fair attendance reduces otherwise positive selection among those who attend the job-fair without the subsidy. While many attendees then self-select out of participating, voucher assignment increases the attendance rates for those with a high degree of uncertainty about their own labor market prospects, indicating that imperfect information about the returns to participation affects individuals' search decisions. My third chapter, joint with David McKenzie and Dean Yang, presents results from a field experiment to test the impact of reducing informational and bureaucratic barriers on individuals' ability to migrate overseas. We find that removal of these barriers leads individuals to take steps towards international migration, with passport assistance even leading to a higher rate of job interviews and job offers abroad. None of our treatments generate a significant increase in the likelihood of migrating abroad. We explore different explanations and conclude that there are multiple barriers on both the demand and supply sides of the international labor market.PHDPublic Policy & EconomicsUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/99855/1/ebeam_1.pd

Alberta Social Economy Funder Database

This database resulted from a project of the BC-Alberta Social Economy Research Alliance (BALTA)that involved surveying the range of capital providers for social enterprise financing in the two provinces of Alberta and British Columbia, Canada. The resulting data was made available in an online database hosted by Enterprising Non-Profits and in two provincial database documents, this being the one for Alberta.BC-Alberta Social Economy Research Alliance (BALTA) ; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) ; VanCity Capital ; Enterprising Non-Profits ; ISIS Research Centre, Sauder School of Business, University of British Columbia ; Canadian Centre for Community Renewa

British Columbia Social Economy Funder Database

This database resulted from a project of the BC-Alberta Social Economy Research Alliance (BALTA)that involved surveying the range of capital providers for social enterprise financing in the two provinces of Alberta and British Columbia, Canada. The resulting data was made available in an online database hosted by Enterprising Non-Profits and in two provincial database documents, this being the one for British Columbia.BC-Alberta Social Economy Research Alliance (BALTA) ; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) ; VanCity Capital ; Enterprising Non-Profits ; ISIS Research Centre, Sauder School of Business, University of British Columbia ; Canadian Centre for Community Renewa

Trajectories of Big Five Personality Traits: A Coordinated Analysis of 16 Longitudinal Samples

This study assessed change in self‐reported Big Five personality traits. We conducted a coordinated integrative data analysis using data from 16 longitudinal samples, comprising a total sample of over 60 000 participants. We coordinated models across multiple datasets and fit identical multi‐level growth models to assess and compare the extent of trait change over time. Quadratic change was assessed in a subset of samples with four or more measurement occasions. Across studies, the linear trajectory models revealed declines in conscientiousness, extraversion, and openness. Non‐linear models suggested late‐life increases in neuroticism. Meta‐analytic summaries indicated that the fixed effects of personality change are somewhat heterogeneous and that the variability in trait change is partially explained by sample age, country of origin, and personality measurement method. We also found mixed evidence for predictors of change, specifically for sex and baseline age. This study demonstrates the importance of coordinated conceptual replications for accelerating the accumulation of robust and reliable findings in the lifespan developmental psychological sciences. © 2020 European Association of Personality PsychologyPeer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156004/1/per2259.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156004/2/per2259-sup-0001-Data_S1.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156004/3/per2259-sup-0002-Open_Practices_Disclosure_Form.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156004/4/per2259_am.pd

Replication Data for: Superstition, Fertility, and Inter-ethnic Spillovers: Evidence from Peninsular Malaysia

Replication files for "Superstition, Fertility, and Inter-ethnic Spillovers: Evidence from Peninsular Malaysia," by Emily A. Beam and Slesh A. Shresth

Habituation and tolerance in coyotes (Canis latrans), a flexible urban predator

Abstract: The behavioral mechanisms by which urban wildlife adapt to urban landscapes and disturbances within these environments are poorly understood. Such understanding can be important for wildlife managers, especially if the species is of concern to human and pet safety, such as the coyote (Canis latrans). Here, we evaluate coyote tolerance to the presence of humans, pets, and anthropogenic landscapes, to better understand how coyotes are conditioned to live in urbanizing landscapes. Using continuous focal follow and instantaneous scan sampling, we collected data on metrics of anthropogenic development and coyote flight response. We used cumulative link mixed models to determine that intensity of behavioral response to observation was impacted by habitat, human visitation to sites, and coyote group composition. These data may be useful to managers for profiling potentially problematic individual animals and identifying strategies for human–coyote coexistence