Mente e matéria ou a vida das plantas

Revista Landa, v. 1, n. 2 (2013

Ab initio lifetime correction to scattering states for time-dependent electronic-structure calculations with incomplete basis sets

We propose a method for obtaining effective lifetimes of scattering electronic states for avoiding the artificially confinement of the wave function due to the use of incomplete basis sets in time-dependent electronic-structure calculations of atoms and molecules. In this method, using a fitting procedure, the lifetimes are extracted from the spatial asymptotic decay of the approximate scattering wave functions obtained with a given basis set. The method is based on a rigorous analysis of the complex-energy solutions of the Schr{\"o}dinger equation. It gives lifetimes adapted to any given basis set without using any empirical parameters. The method can be considered as an ab initio version of the heuristic lifetime model of Klinkusch et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 131, 114304 (2009)]. The method is validated on the H and He atoms using Gaussian-type basis sets for calculation of high-harmonic-generation spectra

Poésie, sciences et politique. Une génération d'intellectuels italiens (1290-1330)

International audienceRien n'est plus faux que l'image de Dante comme génie isolé, tranchant sur son époque. Il appartient au contraire à une génération d'intellectuels italiens très caractéristique : laïcs, souvent curieux de plusieurs sciences, pratiquant abondamment la poésie, engagés dans l'action politique, ces savants-citoyens partagent également une forte conscience historique. Leur inventivité se manifeste en philosophie, en médecine et en droit, autant que dans l'expression littéraire. Outre des facteurs endogènes, une clé de ce phénomène tient à la réception active du savoir naturaliste élaboré à Paris, qui a été lu et assimilé en Italie hors du contrôle des théologiens. Les parcours parallèles d'une douzaine de personnalités actives sur plusieurs fronts montrent la nécessité d'élargir les cadres habituels de l'histoire intellectuelle médiévale

Tératologie de la morale, ou de l’éthique au Moyen Âge

L’article se concentre sur le statut épistémologique de la vérité morale : contrairement à d’autres formes de vérité, la vérité morale existe toujours dans des endroits autres que le lieu de sa formalisation dans des enseignements universitaires, car elle n’est jamais unique. Les identités morales d’une époque font l’objet de différentes sciences (le droit, l’éthique, la rhétorique, etc.), s’incarnent dans des figures et des contextes sociaux très différents et existent souvent sous des formes contradictoires. Toute tentative d’écrire une histoire de la pensée morale au Moyen Âge devrait donc dépasser l’analyse des commentaires sur l’Éthique ou de la production académique. Après une discussion générale de la question, l’article se concentre sur trois aspects : la relation entre vérité morale et vérité juridique à partir du problème des « prologues de la loi » ; la façon dont le Nouveau Testament présente l’existence de la vérité morale dans le corps même du Christ, et, enfin, la façon dont certains théologiens pensèrent la relation entre l’unité de la vérité morale et la pluralité ethnique et politique des formes de vie.The article focuses on the peculiar epistemological status of moral truth: unlike other kinds of truth, moral truth does always exist in other places than the place of its formalization in academic teachings, and is never unique. The various moral identities of a specific period are the objects of different sciences (in the past: law, ethics, rhetoric etc.; nowadays anthropology, sociology, ethics etc.); they also express themselves in different contexts and do exist in contradictory forms. Every attempt of writing a history of moral thought in the Middle Ages should consider the epistemological and empirical plurality of moral truth and stop concentrating itself on the analysis of the commentaries on Ethics or on the academic production. After a general discussion of this problem, the article focuses on three questions: the relationship between moral truth and juridical truth as exemplified in the “preludes to law”; the way moral truth exists in the very body of Christ following the Gospels; and finally the way some theologians thought the relationship between the unity of moral truth and the ethnic and political plurality of human ways of life

A natureza é design

In the present article, published in French in the magazine Critique 2021/8, the author addresses the notion of landscape and the paradoxes of its construction, taking as reference the book The invention of rivers: Alexander’s eye and Ganga’s descent, by Dilip da Cunha, originally published in English by the University of Pennsylvania in 2019. Emanuele Coccia is associate professor of philosophy at the School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences (EHESS) in Paris. Among his publications translated into several languages, the most noteworthy are Sensible life (2010), Le bien dans les choses (2013 translation in press) and The life of plants (2016). He was co-editor, with Giorgio Agamben, of the monumental anthology Angeli. Judaism, Christianity and Islam (2009).No presente artigo, publicado em francês na revista Critique 2021/8, o autor aborda a noção de paisagem e os paradoxos de sua construção, tomando como referência a obra The invention of rivers: Alexander’s eye and Ganga’s descent, de Dilip da Cunha, publicada originalmente em inglês pela University of Pennsylvania em 2019. Emanuele Coccia é professor associado de filosofia na École de Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), em Paris. Dentre suas publicações traduzidas em diversas línguas, destacam-se A vida sensível (2010), Le bien dans les choses (2013) e La vie des plantes (2016). Foi coeditor, com Giorgio Agamben, da antologia monumental Angeli. Ebraismo Cristianesimo Islam (2009)

High strain rate compression behaviour of 3D printed Carbon-PA

Abstract In the last few years, Fused Filament Fabrication is growing in the industrial field for the manufacture of final products by using new materials with high mechanical performances. Among those, one of the strongest is Carbon-PA. This is a composite material made by Nylon thermoplastic matrix filled with short carbon fibers reinforces. The aim of this work is to investigate its mechanical properties in static and dynamic conditions. Cylindrical specimens were produced by extruding the material in the three main printing directions. Then, uniaxial quasi-static and dynamic compression tests have been performed to evaluate its strain rate sensitivity. Dynamic tests have been carried out through a direct Split Hopkinson Bar setup with a pulse-shaping technique. The results show a compression behaviour dependent on the printing direction and strain rate. The behaviour of Carbon-PA was different between static and dynamic condition, passing from ductile to brittle. Moreover, a tomography analysis was carried out on the samples to evaluate the voids distribution. Graphic abstrac

Defective FoxP3+ Treg cell differentiation in the gut of Type 1 Diabetic patients

Environmental factors that act at the intestinal level such as diet, drugs, and microflora have a high impact on the pathogenesis of autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes (T1D), but it is still unclear how the gut milieu affects autoimmunity outside the intestine. Here we show that peripheral FoxP3+ Treg cell differentiation, a mechanism that takes place in the gut and is crucial to maintain systemic immune tolerance, is impaired in T1D patients. These results provide the first evidence that gut mucosa alteration could predispose to autoimmune T1D by affecting systemic immune regulation