KOLONIZACJA RYZYKA WDRAŻANIA STRATEGII W PRZEDSIĘBIORSTWACH

The implementation of the strategy in the enterprise is a process, the course of which determines the market results and economic strategic choices. Its implementation requires the observance of special rules, and compliance with them is one of the key success factors. Variable environmental conditions in which enterprises operate have an impact on the methods of implementing the strategy and co-define the associated risk. During the implementation of strategic decisions, it is necessary to maintain the requirement of the enterprise to adapt to changing conditions in the environment, which sometimes leads to modification of these decisions. The aim of the study is to present the determinants of the effective implementation of the strategy under conditions of uncertainty. The basis for implementing the strategy are resources and their configuration, information support and staff motivation. Keywords: strategy, implementation, success factors, risk of implementation JEL classification codes: M1, L1Wdrażanie strategii w przedsiębiorstwie to proces, którego przebieg stanowi o rezultatach rynkowych, i szerzej ekonomicznych, wyborów strategicznych. Jego przeprowadzenie wymaga zachowania zasad, a ich przestrzeganie jest jedną z przyczyn powodzenia. Zmienne warunki otoczenia, w których działają przedsiębiorstwa, mają wpływ na sposoby wdrażania strategii i współokreślają związane z nimi ryzyko. W trakcie wdrażania decyzji strategicznych konieczne jest przestrzeganie wymogu przystosowywania się przedsiębiorstwa do zmiennych warunków w otoczeniu, co prowadzi niekiedy do modyfikacji celów i strategii. Celem opracowania jest przedstawienie uwarunkowań skutecznego wdrażania strategii w warunkach niepewności. Fundamentem wdrażania strategii są zasoby i ich konfiguracja, wspomaganie informacyjne oraz motywacja kadry. Słowa kluczowe: strategia, wdrażanie, czynniki sukcesu, ryzyko wdrażania strategii Kody klasyfikacji JEL: M1, L

Crosstalk Between BCR/ABL Oncoprotein and CXCR4 Signaling through a Src Family Kinase in Human Leukemia Cells

Stromal-derived factor (SDF)-1 and its G protein–coupled receptor, CXCR4, regulate stem/progenitor cell migration and retention in the marrow and are required for hematopoiesis. We show here an interaction between CXCR4 and the Src-related kinase, Lyn, in normal progenitors. We demonstrate that CXCR4-dependent stimulation of Lyn is associated with the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase). This chemokine signaling, which involves a Src-related kinase and PI3-kinase, appears to be a target for BCR/ABL, a fusion oncoprotein expressed only in leukemia cells. We show that the binding of phosphorylated BCR/ABL to Lyn results in the constitutive activation of Lyn and PI3-kinase, along with a total loss of responsiveness of these kinases to SDF-1 stimulation. Inhibition of BCR/ABL tyrosine kinase with STI571 restores Lyn responsiveness to SDF-1 signaling. Thus, BCR/ABL perturbs Lyn function through a tyrosine kinase-dependent mechanism. Accordingly, the blockade of Lyn tyrosine kinase inhibits both BCR/ABL-dependent and CXCR4-dependent cell movements. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, that Lyn-mediated pathological crosstalk exists between BCR/ABL and the CXCR4 pathway in leukemia cells, which disrupts chemokine signaling and chemotaxis, and increases the ability of immature cells to escape from the marrow. These results define a Src tyrosine kinases-dependent mechanism whereby BCR/ABL (and potentially other oncoproteins) dysregulates G protein–coupled receptor signaling and function of mammalian precursors