Teaching Style in Physical Education and Changes of Daily Physical Activity after One Academic Year in Adolescents: GEOS Study

Increased Moderate-Vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and reduced sedentary time (ST) are key factors for a healthy lifestyle during childhood and adolescence. Studies have suggested that schools may be effective resources to promote healthy habits (Sallis, McKenzie et al. 2012). Therefore, in PE, is important to assess how teachers use strategies and provide students tools to engage in PA with the purpose of reduce the risk of sedentary behavior and contribute to promotion MVPA habits for a healthy lifestyle (Lonsdale, C. et al., 2013). Many factors may be involved in the successful PE class to promote healthy out-school behaviors, as teaching styles (TS), learning styles, learning time, motivation and so on (Mosston, M. 1966). Regarding TS, there is a lack of knowledge about influence of the teaching style (TS) in the promotion of daily MVPA. It was our aim to observe the differences of total daily PA dimensions between two groups of adolescents who were taught during a whole academic year using reproducing (RK) or producing knowledge (PK) TSs.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Analisis Kualitas Penerapan Good Corporate Governance dan Kinerja PT Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk

Tujuan dari laporan akhir ini adalah untuk menganalisis kualitas penerapan Good Corporate Governance dan kinerja PT Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk dengan menggunakan rasio CAMEL. Hasil penelitian ini adalah (i) kualitas penerapan GCG masih berada pada kategori sangat baik walaupun ada penurunan dibanding tahun 2011 (ii) Capital Quality mengalami peningkatan (iii) Asset Quality mengindikasikan adanyakenaikan resiko tapi dapat ditangani dengan baik (iv) Management Quality mengalami peningkatan dalam efisiensi biaya (v) Earnings Quality mengalami peningkatan seperti yang diukur dengan ROA dan ROE (vi) Liquidity berpotensi mengalami gangguan karena adanya kenaikan LDR, tapi potensi masalah telah ditangani dengan baik (vii) Secara keseluruhan kinerja Perusahaan yang digambarkan oleh rasio CAMEL pada 2012 mengalami peningkatan dibandingkan tahun 2011. Kata Kunci: Good Corporate Governance, CAMEL, rasio kecukupan modal, rasio kredit yang diberikan terhadap aset produktif, rasio kredit bermasalah, rasio imbal hasil rata-rata aset, rasio imbal hasil rata-rata ekuitas, rasio biaya operasional terhadap pendapatan operasional, loan to deposit ratio ABSTACT This final report aims to analyze the quality of Good Corporate Governance implementation and performance of PT Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk by using CAMEL ratio. The findings are (i) GCG implementation quality is still categorized as very good regardless of the slight decline in its composite value (ii) capital adequacy has increased (iii) asset quality indicates an increasing risk yet manageable (iv) management quality shows improvement in cost efficiency (v) earnings quality has shown improvement as proxied by ROA and ROE (vi) liquidity poses a potential problem as LDR rises. Nevertheless, company could manage the risk well. Overall, the bank performance in 2012 is better than 2011 as measured by CAMEL ratios

The location of the broad HI absorption in 3C305: clear evidence for a jet-accelerated neutral outflow

We present high-spatial resolution 21-cm HI VLA observations of the radio galaxy 3C305 (z=0.041). These new high-resolution data show that the ~1000 km/s broad HI absorption, earlier detected in low-resolution WSRT observations, is occurring against the bright, eastern radio lobe, about 1.6 kpc from the nucleus. We use new optical spectra taken with the WHT to make a detailed comparison of the kinematics of the neutral hydrogen with that of the ionised gas. The striking similarity between the complex kinematics of the two gas phases suggests that both the ionised gas and the neutral gas are part of the same outflow. Earlier studies of the ionised gas had already found evidence for a strong interaction between the radio jet and the interstellar medium at the location of the eastern radio lobe. Our results show that the fast outflow produced by this interaction also contains a component of neutral atomic hydrogen. The most likely interpretation is that the radio jet ionises the ISM and accelerates it to the high outflow velocities observed. Our observations demonstrate that, following this strong jet-cloud interaction, not all gas clouds are destroyed and that part of the gas can cool and become neutral. The mass outflow rate measured in 3C~305 is comparable, although at the lower end of the distribution, to that found in Ultra-Luminous IR galaxies. This suggests that AGN-driven outflows, and in particular jet-driven outflows, can have a similar impact on the evolution of a galaxy as starburst-driven superwinds.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A. 7 pages, 4 figure

Slicing the Torus: Obscuring Structures in Quasars

Quasars and Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) are often obscured by dust and gas. It is normally assumed that the obscuration occurs in an oblate "obscuring torus", that begins at the radius at which the most refractive dust can remain solid. The most famous form of this torus is a donut-shaped region of molecular gas with a large scale-height. While this model is elegant and accounts for many phenomena at once, it does not hold up to detailed tests. Instead the obscuration in AGNs must occur on a wide range of scales and be due to a minimum of three physically distinct absorbers. Slicing the "torus" into these three regions will allow interesting physics of the AGN to be extracted.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure. To appear in the proceedings of the conference "The central kiloparsec in Galactic Nuclei:Astronomy at High Angular Resolution 2011", open access Journal of Physics: Conference Series (JPCS), published by IOP Publishin

Most Supermassive Black Holes must be Rapidly Rotating

We use the integrated spectrum of the X-ray background and quasars Spectral Energy Distribution to derive the contribution of quasars to the energy output of the Universe. We find a lower limit for the energy from accretion onto black holes of 6%, of the total luminosity of the Universe and probably more, with 15% quite possible. Comparing these values with the masses of black holes in the center of nearby galaxies we show that the accretion process must be on average very efficient: at least 15% of the accreted mass must be transformed into radiated energy. This further implies that most supermassive black holes are rapidly rotating.Comment: 8 Pages, Astrophysical Journal Letters, in pres

Non-LTE dust nucleation in sub-saturated vapors

We use the kinetic theory of nucleation to explore the properties of dust nucleation in sub-saturated vapors. Due to radiation losses, the sub-critical clusters have a smaller temperature compared to their vapor. This alters the dynamical balance between attachment and detachment of monomers, allowing for stable nucleation of grains in vapors that are sub-saturated for their temperature. We find this effect particularly important at low densities and in the absence of a strong background radiation field. We find new conditions for stable nucleation in the n-T phase diagram. The nucleation in the non-LTE regions is likely to be at much slower rate than in the super-saturated vapors. We evaluate the nucleation rate, warning the reader that it does depend on poorly substantiated properties of the macro-molecules assumed in the computation. On the other hand, the conditions for nucleation depend only on the properties of the large stable grains and are more robust. We finally point out that this mechanism may be relevant in the early universe as an initial dust pollution mechanism, since once the interstellar medium is polluted with dust, mantle growth is likely to be dominant over non-LTE nucleation in the diffuse medium.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA