Stability-Indicating Micelle-Enhanced Spectrofluorimetric Method For Determination of Tamsulosin Hydrochloride In Dosage Forms.

A rapid, simple and highly sensitive spectrofluorimetric method is developed for the determination of Tamsulosin hydrochloride (Tams.HCl) in pharmaceutical formulations. The proposed method is based on investigation of the fluorescence spectral behavior of Tams.HCl in a sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) micellar system. In aqueous solution of Tris buffer of pH 7±0.2, SDS causes marked enhancement in the fluorescence intensity of Tams.HCl (about +110%). The fluorescence intensity is measured at 328 nm after excitation at 280 nm and the fluorescence-concentration plots are rectilinear over the range 0.1-1.2 µg ml-1, with lower detection limit of 0.027 µg ml-1 and quantification limit of 0.09 µg ml-1. The method is successfully applied to the analysis of the studied drug in its commercial capsules, and the results are in good agreement with those obtained with the official method. The application of the proposed method is extended to stability studies of Tamsulosin hydrochloride after exposure to different forced degradation conditions, such as acidic, alkaline and oxidative conditions, according to ICH guidelines

The Potential Contribution of Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases

The scope of this chapter is to review the significant effect that nanomedicine has had in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Nanotechnology has been widely studied in the last decade and proved to be an encouraging strategy in the healthcare system and the medical field. This novel technology provides a vast number of nanomaterials and tools that could actually diagnose and treat different inflammatory disorders and conditions. An enormous amount of in vivo and in vitro research was conducted by many groups to validate the positive contribution that nanoparticles have in regard to the treatment of inflammation and its associated illnesses. This contribution is due to the fact that nanoparticles could be modulated to pass through metabolic barriers and specifically targeted to deliver drugs to the required sites without affecting healthy cells and tissues. This makes them a promising therapeutical choice for the treatment of inflammatory diseases in the future

دراسة تأثير العوامل البيئية على الشبابيک الجصية بالقباب األثرية قبة النجومي بأسوان نموذجا . A Study the Effect of Environmental Hazards on the Stucco Windows in Archaeological domes: Al-Nujoumi Dome at Aswan Case Study.

{AR} يتناول البحث الدراسة الآثارية وحالة الحفظ لمقبرة النجومي، والتى ترجع أصولها إلى الأسرة العلوية, حيث تقع هذه المقبرة في أسوان في الجهة الجنوبية من المقابر الفاطمية وبالقرب من المسلة الناقصة. ويطلق عليها مقبرة الجنود المصريين أو مقبرة توشكا، وإن بناء القبة كبناء تذكاري تم بأمر من الملك فاروق في عهده، ولكن المنامة نفسها ودفن الشهداء والمعركة التي حدثت في(1310ه) كانوا في هذا المكان الذي اختاره فاروق لبناء هذا المبني. وبالرغم من موقعها وقربها من المسلة الناقصة وهى خلفها مباشرةً. نجد أنه لا يعرفها الكثيرون من المتخصصين وحتي أهالي محافظة أسوان نفسها لا يعرفونها, و ظلت تعاني الإهمال لفترات إلا أنه في الوقت الحالي لاقت اهتماماً من المحافظة, ويستهدف البحث رصد أهم المخاطر التي تتعرض لها قبة النجومي، ومنها أنه في عام (2018م) اشتعلت الحرائق في حديقة المقبرة بسبب عدم إزالة الحشائش لفترات. كما يستهدف رصد ما يعاني منه المكان من عدم النظافة وإلقاء المخلفات, كما أن النوافذ الجصية بالقبة تعاني من الإهمال مما يؤدي إلى تكسير وفقد أجزاء، وتم فحص عينات من الشباك الجصي للتعرف علي حالة الجبس. ومن المخاطر المستمرة المياه الأرضية والتي تم تحليلها والتعرف علي عناصرها. وللفحوص تم استخدام طرق مثل الميكروسكوب الرقمي، والميكروسكوب الإلكتروني الماسح المزود بوحدة SEM-EDX لفحص عينات من الشبابيك، واستخدام ICP ( (Inductively Coupled plasm لتحليل المياه. وتبين من نتائج الفحص SEM- EDX وجود أملاح الكلوريدات والكبريتات بنسب عالية. وباستخدام Wireless USB Digital Microscope الميكرسكوب المحمول ظهر تراكم الاتسخات بين الزخارف وتدهور بلورات الجبس, أما تحليل المياه باستخدام جهازICP فقد أظهر تركيزات عناصر(Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Cd, Ni, Pb, P)، وارتفاع معدلات الفسفور والحديد. {EN} This research presents the state of the Al-Nujomi Cemetery; Which traces its origins back to the Alawite family. This cemetery is located in Aswan. It is called the cemetery of the Egyptian soldiers or the tomb of Toshka, And the construction of the dome as a memorial building was done by order of King Farouk during his reign, but Manama itself and the burial of the martyrs and the battle that took place in (1310 AH) were in this place that Farouk chose to build this building . Despite its location and proximity to the missing obelisk, which is directly behind it? We find that many specialists do not know it, and even the people of Aswan Governorate itself do not know it. It has been neglected for periods, but at the present time it has received attention from the governorate. The research aims to monitor the most important risks to the Dome of Al-Nujumi, including that in the year (2018 AD) fires broke out in the garden of the cemetery due to the failure to remove the weeds for periods. The research also aims to monitor what the place suffers from uncleanness and dumping of waste. Also, the plaster windows in the dome suffer from neglect, which leads to cracking and missing parts. Samples of the plaster nets were examined to identify the condition of the stucco. One of the constant dangers is groundwater, which has been analyzed and its elements identified. For the examinations, methods such as: SEM-EDX and the use of ICP. The results of the SEM-EDX showed high levels of chloride and sulfate salts. using wireless USB digital microscopic accumulation of dirty between gypsum decorations. For water analysis using an ICP device, concentrations of elements such as (Fe, Zn, Cu,Cd, Ni, Pb, P) and high rates of phosphorus, iron and magnesiu

Exploring Cardiac Responses of Pain and Distress

Pain and distress stand at the intersection of multiple health crises and are leading contributors to disability. Current pain assessments rely on self-reports—which assume a capacity to understand and verbalize mental/emotional states—and behavioral observation which can be subject to limitations and misinterpretation. Methods to evaluate pain/distress can be substantially enhanced with biometrics that incorporate the physiological aspects of the full pain experience. This chapter explores how induced pressure pain influences cardiac activity elicited via the autonomic nervous system. We aim to uncover signatures in cardiac responses via personalized analysis of the frequencies and the timings of the heart’s inter-beat-interval. Autonomic responses such as cardiac activity serve as inevitable processes, which cannot be volitionally controlled—they exhibit a narrow range of dynamics, helping provide robust signatures of the body’s responses to pain/distress. We find that pain elicits shifts in the heart rate variability metrics of the cardiac signal, alluding to changes in sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system activation. Unique relationships are also observed between metrics obtained from the physiological data and self-reported pain ratings. The implications of this work are discussed in the context of precision medicine with possible applications in clinical populations such as autism

Performance Evaluation of Applying Fuzzy Multiple Regression Model to TLS in the Geodetic Coordinate Transformation

It is known that the classical technique for solving the linear regression problem of the geodetic transformation process is using least squares approach (LS). On the contrary, this research explores the application of total least squares (TLS) approach to solve linear regression with and without fuzzy multiple regression model in Bursa-Wolf similarity transformation process. In this research two groups of data sets are used; the first group is the solution points which are used to compute the values of the transformation parameters. The second is the check points that were used to assess the accuracy of the applied methods (in terms of mean and Root Mean Squares Errors RMSE). The applied four solutions show how the accuracy of TLS is relatively better than LS. The weight has a better effect on improving the accuracy of both cases, LS and TLS; however, its effects are greater on TLS. By using the fuzzy multiple regression models, the results improved further and the need for accurate weights/confidence is eliminated

The value of pericardial window in preventing pericardial effusion after cardiac surgery

Background: Pericardial window (PW) is a technique that allows the passage of fluid from the pericardial to the pleural cavity to reduce the postoperative pericardial effusion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the pericardial window in decreasing pericardial effusions after cardiac surgery. Methods: The study included 400 adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery from 2017 to 2020. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups; the pericardial window (PW) group included 200 patients who underwent posterior pericardiotomy, and the control group included 200 patients who did not undergo this procedure. Results: Preoperative data were comparable between both groups. More patients in the PW group had chest tube drainage more than 500 cc/ 24 hours (40 (20%) vs. 5 (2.5%), respectively; p=0.005). The drainage of 500 cc/24 hours or more in the mediastinal tube was lower in the PW group (10 (5%) vs. 40 (20%) patients in the PW and control groups, respectively; p<0.001). Early pericardial collection occurred in 6 patients in the PW group (3%) vs. 46 (23%) in the control group (p<0.001), and no patient had late effusion in the PW group vs. 26 (13%) in the control group (p< 0.001). Six patients in the PW group (3%) had postoperative atrial fibrillation and 12 patients (6%) in the control group (p= 0.23). Pulmonary complications were nonsignificantly higher in the PW group (Lung collapse: 40 (20%) vs. 26 (13%); p=0.08 and pleural effusion: 34 (17%) vs. 26 (13%); p= 0.3, in the PW vs. control groups, respectively). Conclusion: Posterior pericardiotomy is a simple technique that could reduce postoperative pericardial effusion, atrial fibrillation, and the pericardial tamponade. The technique did not increase the postoperative complications compared to the standard method

BIOAVAILABILITY STUDY OF ONDANSETRON GEL IN RABBITS AND HUMAN VOLUNTEERS APPLING UPLC AS ANALYTICAL TOOL AND EVALUATION OF THE ANTIEMETIC EFFECT OF ONDANSETRON GEL IN CISPLATIN-INDUCED EMESIS IN RATS

Objective: This study was undertaken to determine the bioavailability of ondansetron gel in experimental animals and humans applying UPLC as an analytical tool and evaluation of the antiemetic effect of ondansetron gel in cisplatin-induced emesis in rats. Methods: Ondansetron gel (F13: sodium alginate 7% w/w) was used, marketed I. V. ondansetron (Zofran) ® was chosen as reference. The bioavailability study in rabbits was selected as a parallel design using nine healthy rabbits divided into three groups whereas, bioavailability study in humans was an open-label, wherein 6 healthy subjects administered ondansetron gel. The potential effect of ondansetron gel was evaluated for the prevention of different phases of emesis motivated by exposure to antineoplastic drugs (cisplatin) by determination of body weight loss, water and food intake applying kaolin-pica model in rats using seventy-two rats divided into six groups. Results: Ondansetron gel (0.5%) showed detectable plasma concentration 22.833±2.17 ng/m1 after ¼ h and 419.55±2.17 ng/ml after 1-h post-treatment in rabbits and human respectively and concentration was maintained above-reported minimum effective concentration for more than 2.5 h for rabbits and 7 h for humans compared to 1.75 h after I. V. administration. The ondansetron gel significantly reduces all phases of cisplatin-induced emesis and a decrease in body weight, water, and food consumption was significantly attenuated. Conclusion: Based on the high efficacy of gel on emesis induced by cisplatin, and its high bioavailability, transdermal ondansetron gel could be a promising convenient system to prevent nausea and vomiting following administration of antineoplastic drugs

PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF MORINGA OLEIFERA SEED EXTRACT ON CISPLATIN INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY IN RATS

Objective: The main objective of this study is to investigate the antioxidant and nephroprotective efficacy of moringa oleifera seed extract (MOSE) against cisplatin which induced acute renal injury. Methods: Forty male Wister rats were equally segregated into 4 groups (10 rats per group): group I (0.5 ml of sterile saline orally), group II (200 mg MOSE/kg b. wt orally for 10 consecutive days), group III (7.5 mg cisplatin/kg b. wt/intraperitonially as a single dose on the 5th day of the experiment) and group IV (200 mg moringa oleifera seed extract (MOSE)/kg orally for 10 d followed by 7.5 mg cisplatin/kg body weight/intraperitonially once as a single dose on the 5th day of the experiment. Serum biochemical analysis of renal biomarkers (urea, uric acid, and creatinine), oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde [MDA]), a crucial antioxidant enzyme (catalase) and the expression of renal activity interleukin (IL)-6, (IL)-10 and Tumer necrotic factor (TNF-α) mRNA were determined. Histopathological examination of renal tissue was done. Results: Cisplatin induced renal damage, increased renal biomarkers (urea, creatinine and uric acid)(375.87±1.65, 5.238±0.25, 4.47±0.25). Tissue concentrations of malondialdehyde, IL-6 and TNF-α.(387.56±0.97, 2.188±0.20, 3.06±0.27)compared to control group(140.58±1.25,0.938±0.017, 1.24±0.17), (163.99±1.34, 1.008±0.05, 0.982±0.026) Moreover, cisplatin induced significantly down-regulation of anti-inflammatory (IL-10) and catalase (0.780±0.47, 1.62±0.06) compared to control one (1.010±0.02, 3.12±0.11),. The histopathological examination showed renal tissue damage and degeneration of tubules in the cortical portion in cisplatin group. However, interestingly concurrent adminsteration of the MOSE with cisplatin can alleviated the renal damage, oxidative stress and renal toxicity caused by cisplatin. Conclusion: These results suggest that the antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory effects of MOSE alleviate the cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity

Clinical phenotypes and constipation severity in Parkinson’s disease: Relation to Prevotella species

Background: The gut microbiome is speculated to play a crucial role in its pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease as a triggering factor. Recent hypotheses suggested that Prevotella species regulate gut permeability, exert a neuroprotective effect, and interestingly, has been suspected to be deficient in PD patients, and so may play a role in this disease. Aim: This study was designed to compare between PD patients and their healthy controls as regards relative Prevotella abundance, prevalence of Prevotella-dominant Enterotype, and constipation severity. Also, to correlate Prevotella changes with the clinical phenotypes and  severity of motor and non-motor symptoms of PD. Methods: Twenty-five PD cases were enrolled in this study and cross-matched to 25 healthy subjects representing the control group. Overall NMS severity was assessed using the Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS). Quantitative SYBR green Real Time PCR was performed for the identification and quantitation of Prevotella in stool. Results: Prevotella relative abundance was 4-fold decreased in cases when compared to controls with PIGD phenotype showing the lowest abundance, however the difference was not statistically significance. Prevotella-dominant Enterotype was less presented in cases compared to controls, the result was statistically significant. Severe and very severe constipation grades presented 64% of cases group Vs 12% of control group. There was statistically significant positive correlation between total constipation score and UPDRS total score and motor symptoms phenotypes. Conclusion: Relative low Prevotella abundance in PD patients appears to be related to severe phenotypes of the disease; PIGD and mixed phenotypes. Severe constipation was more presented in PD cases which may be considered  as a preclinical biomarker for PD