10 research outputs found

    Molecular modelling of inhibitors of proteins involved in angiogenesis

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    L’angiogenĂšse Ă©tant un processus limitĂ© dans des conditions physiologiques et un processus clĂ© dans la croissance tumorale, elle est devenue une cible thĂ©rapeutique prometteuse. La neuropiline-1 (Np1) est un corĂ©cepteur du VEGF, qui est le facteur pro-angiogĂ©nique le mieux dĂ©crit jusqu’à prĂ©sent. Dans cette thĂšse, nous nous intĂ©ressons Ă  la modĂ©lisation du ligand 47, une molĂ©cule active expĂ©rimentalement, en vue de l’amarrer dans la neuropiline-1. En raison de sa flexibilitĂ© conformationnelle, ce ligand pourrait en effet adopter une conformation Ă©tendue, comme la tuftsine, un ligand naturel de Np1, ou une conformation repliĂ©e. Une Ă©tape prĂ©liminaire essentielle, avant l'exploration de la complexation du lig-47 a Np1, est l'Ă©tude de sa flexibilitĂ© conformationnelle. Il est en effet impĂ©ratif de s'assurer que les interactions intra-moleculaires (conformationnelles) dans le lig-47 sont calculĂ©es a une precision comparable a celles de ses interactions intermolĂ©culaires avec Np1. Un Ă©cueil important tient au caractĂšre conjugue du lig-47. Les quatre fragments constitutifs de cette molecule sont tous aromatiques ou conjugues, et sont tous connectes par des atomes insaturĂ©s. [...] Nous avons, dans une premiĂšre Ă©tape, construit la molĂ©cule en quatre fragments : le benzimidazole, le mĂ©thylbenzĂšne, le benzodioxane et le carboxythiourĂ©e (CTU). Nous avons approchĂ© ces quatre fragments par une molĂ©cule d’eau afin de calibrer les rayons de Van de Waals effectifs impliquĂ©s dans les contributions d’énergies Ă©lectrostatique et de rĂ©pulsion. L’anisotropie ayant Ă©tĂ© assurĂ©e, nous avons cherchĂ© Ă  reproduire la conjugaison, par la calibration des barriĂšres de torsion V0 primaires (n=1) et binaires (n=2). Nous obtenons des accords trĂšs satisfaisants entre les courbes conformationnelles obtenues avec SIBFA et celles obtenues par des calculs de chimie quantique (QC). Nous avons ensuite effectuĂ© des minimisations de l'Ă©nergie SIBFA en partant des minima des six courbes conformationnelles. Afin d'Ă©valuer la transfĂ©rabilitĂ© de la mĂ©thode, nous avons comparĂ© les stabilitĂ©s relatives de ces minima par des calculs QC ponctuels. Or les diffĂ©rences d'Ă©nergie sĂ©parant le minimum « global » des minima locaux se sont avĂ©rĂ©es sous-estimĂ©es par rapport aux calculs QC. Ces rĂ©sultats nous ont amenĂ©s Ă  envisager des façons diffĂ©rentes de reprĂ©senter le fragment CTU. La possibilitĂ© la plus Ă©vidente consiste Ă  le sĂ©parer en deux sous-fragments amide et thioamide. Les effets de la conjugaison et de la transfĂ©rabilite des multipĂŽles et polarisabilitĂ©s sont ainsi perdus mais pourraient ĂȘtre compensĂ©s par la prise en compte explicite de l’énergie de polarisation des fragments amide et thioamide. Avec cette approche, la recalibration des rayons effectifs a permis de prĂ©server des accords convenables avec les calculs quantiques pour l'approche des atomes du CTU par une molĂ©cule d'eau sonde. Les courbes conformationnelles reproduisent de prĂšs les courbes QC avec une recalibration minimale. Les minima de ces courbes ont Ă©tĂ© a nouveau minimisĂ©s en SIBFA, conduisant a des structures nĂ©anmoins trĂšs proches des minima correspondants de l'approche prĂ©cĂ©dente avec un CTU construit d'un seul tenant. Mais Ă  prĂ©sent, les diffĂ©rences d'Ă©nergie sĂ©parant le minimum global des minima locaux sont trĂšs voisine de celles trouvĂ©es en QC. De plus, l'Ă©volution des courbes conformationnelles en fonction de la structure considĂ©rĂ©e s'est avĂ©rĂ©e rĂ©gie par l'Ă©nergie de polarisation. Par ailleurs, nous avons obtenu des rĂ©sultats satisfaisants lors de l’amarrage de la tuftsine dans Np1. Ces rĂ©sultats s'avĂšrent suffisamment probants pour permettre d'envisager Ă  prĂ©sent une Ă©tude dĂ©taillĂ©e des modes d'interaction du lig-47 avec Np-1.Angiogenesis is a limited process in physiological conditions and a key process in tumor growth. Hence, it has become a promising therapeutic target. The neuropilin-1 (Np1) is a co-receptor for VEGF, which is today the best known pro-angiogenic factor. This manuscript deals with the molecular modelling of the ligand 47 (lig47), an experimentally active molecule, in order to dock it into Np1. Due to its conformational flexibility, this ligand could adopt and extended conformation such as tuftsin, a natural ligand, does in its complex with Np1, or a folded conformation. An essential preliminary step, before the exploration of the complexation of lig47 with Np1 is the study of its conformational flexibility. Indeed it must be ensured that the intramolecular (conformational) interactions are calculated with precision compared with the calculations of the interaction energies with Np1. An important issue comes from the polyconjugaison of the lig47. [...] We probed these four fragments with a water molecule in order to calibrate the effective Van der Waals radii implicated in electrostatic and repulsion contributions. Once the anisotropy was reproduced, we looked for reproducing the effect of the conjugaison on torsional barriers. We hence calibrated primary (n=1) and binary (n=2) barriers. We obtained very satisfactory agreements between the conformational curves obtained with SIBFA and those obtained with quantum chemistry (QC) calculations. Then we performed energy minimizations of SIBFA energy of the minima of the ix conformational curves. In order to evaluate the transferability of the method, we compared the relative stabilities of these minima with single-point QC calculations. But the differences of energy between the global minimum and local minima were underestimated in comparison with QC calculations. These results lead us to consider different ways of representing CTU. The more evident way consists in separating it in two fragments amide and thioamide. The effects of the conjugaison and the transferability of the multipoles and the polarisabilities are lost but could be compensated by the explicit consideration of the polarization energy between the amide and thioamide fragments. With this approach, the recalibration of the effective radii permitted to preserve good agreements with the QC calculations when probing the CTU by a water molecule. The conformational curves reproduce the QC curves after a minimal recalibration. The minima of these curves were then re-minimized with SIBFA, leading to structures close to those obtained with the first representation. But now, the differences of energy between the global minimum and the local minima are very close to those obtained in QC. Moreover, the evolution of the conformational curves as function of the number of the structure is ruled by the polarization energy. Otherwise, we obtained satisfactory results when we docked the tuftsin in Np1. These results will allow us to consider a detailed study of the interaction between lig47 et Np1

    Applications de l organocatalyse asymĂ©trique en chimie pharmaceutique (intĂ©rĂȘt de la proline et de ses dĂ©rivĂ©s)

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    CHATENAY M.-PARIS 11-BU Pharma. (920192101) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Modélisation d'inhibiteurs de protéines impliquées dans l'angiogenÚse

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    L angiogenĂšse Ă©tant un processus limitĂ© dans des conditions physiologiques et un processus clĂ© dans la croissance tumorale, elle est devenue une cible thĂ©rapeutique prometteuse. La neuropiline-1 (Np1) est un corĂ©cepteur du VEGF, qui est le facteur pro-angiogĂ©nique le mieux dĂ©crit jusqu Ă  prĂ©sent. Dans cette thĂšse, nous nous intĂ©ressons Ă  la modĂ©lisation du ligand 47, une molĂ©cule active expĂ©rimentalement, en vue de l amarrer dans la neuropiline-1. En raison de sa flexibilitĂ© conformationnelle, ce ligand pourrait en effet adopter une conformation Ă©tendue, comme la tuftsine, un ligand naturel de Np1, ou une conformation repliĂ©e. Une Ă©tape prĂ©liminaire essentielle, avant l'exploration de la complexation du lig-47 a Np1, est l'Ă©tude de sa flexibilitĂ© conformationnelle. Il est en effet impĂ©ratif de s'assurer que les interactions intra-moleculaires (conformationnelles) dans le lig-47 sont calculĂ©es a une precision comparable a celles de ses interactions intermolĂ©culaires avec Np1. Un Ă©cueil important tient au caractĂšre conjugue du lig-47. Les quatre fragments constitutifs de cette molecule sont tous aromatiques ou conjugues, et sont tous connectes par des atomes insaturĂ©s. [...] Nous avons, dans une premiĂšre Ă©tape, construit la molĂ©cule en quatre fragments : le benzimidazole, le mĂ©thylbenzĂšne, le benzodioxane et le carboxythiourĂ©e (CTU). Nous avons approchĂ© ces quatre fragments par une molĂ©cule d eau afin de calibrer les rayons de Van de Waals effectifs impliquĂ©s dans les contributions d Ă©nergies Ă©lectrostatique et de rĂ©pulsion. L anisotropie ayant Ă©tĂ© assurĂ©e, nous avons cherchĂ© Ă  reproduire la conjugaison, par la calibration des barriĂšres de torsion V0 primaires (n=1) et binaires (n=2). Nous obtenons des accords trĂšs satisfaisants entre les courbes conformationnelles obtenues avec SIBFA et celles obtenues par des calculs de chimie quantique (QC). Nous avons ensuite effectuĂ© des minimisations de l'Ă©nergie SIBFA en partant des minima des six courbes conformationnelles. Afin d'Ă©valuer la transfĂ©rabilitĂ© de la mĂ©thode, nous avons comparĂ© les stabilitĂ©s relatives de ces minima par des calculs QC ponctuels. Or les diffĂ©rences d'Ă©nergie sĂ©parant le minimum global des minima locaux se sont avĂ©rĂ©es sous-estimĂ©es par rapport aux calculs QC. Ces rĂ©sultats nous ont amenĂ©s Ă  envisager des façons diffĂ©rentes de reprĂ©senter le fragment CTU. La possibilitĂ© la plus Ă©vidente consiste Ă  le sĂ©parer en deux sous-fragments amide et thioamide. Les effets de la conjugaison et de la transfĂ©rabilite des multipĂŽles et polarisabilitĂ©s sont ainsi perdus mais pourraient ĂȘtre compensĂ©s par la prise en compte explicite de l Ă©nergie de polarisation des fragments amide et thioamide. Avec cette approche, la recalibration des rayons effectifs a permis de prĂ©server des accords convenables avec les calculs quantiques pour l'approche des atomes du CTU par une molĂ©cule d'eau sonde. Les courbes conformationnelles reproduisent de prĂšs les courbes QC avec une recalibration minimale. Les minima de ces courbes ont Ă©tĂ© a nouveau minimisĂ©s en SIBFA, conduisant a des structures nĂ©anmoins trĂšs proches des minima correspondants de l'approche prĂ©cĂ©dente avec un CTU construit d'un seul tenant. Mais Ă  prĂ©sent, les diffĂ©rences d'Ă©nergie sĂ©parant le minimum global des minima locaux sont trĂšs voisine de celles trouvĂ©es en QC. De plus, l'Ă©volution des courbes conformationnelles en fonction de la structure considĂ©rĂ©e s'est avĂ©rĂ©e rĂ©gie par l'Ă©nergie de polarisation. Par ailleurs, nous avons obtenu des rĂ©sultats satisfaisants lors de l amarrage de la tuftsine dans Np1. Ces rĂ©sultats s'avĂšrent suffisamment probants pour permettre d'envisager Ă  prĂ©sent une Ă©tude dĂ©taillĂ©e des modes d'interaction du lig-47 avec Np-1.Angiogenesis is a limited process in physiological conditions and a key process in tumor growth. Hence, it has become a promising therapeutic target. The neuropilin-1 (Np1) is a co-receptor for VEGF, which is today the best known pro-angiogenic factor. This manuscript deals with the molecular modelling of the ligand 47 (lig47), an experimentally active molecule, in order to dock it into Np1. Due to its conformational flexibility, this ligand could adopt and extended conformation such as tuftsin, a natural ligand, does in its complex with Np1, or a folded conformation. An essential preliminary step, before the exploration of the complexation of lig47 with Np1 is the study of its conformational flexibility. Indeed it must be ensured that the intramolecular (conformational) interactions are calculated with precision compared with the calculations of the interaction energies with Np1. An important issue comes from the polyconjugaison of the lig47. [...] We probed these four fragments with a water molecule in order to calibrate the effective Van der Waals radii implicated in electrostatic and repulsion contributions. Once the anisotropy was reproduced, we looked for reproducing the effect of the conjugaison on torsional barriers. We hence calibrated primary (n=1) and binary (n=2) barriers. We obtained very satisfactory agreements between the conformational curves obtained with SIBFA and those obtained with quantum chemistry (QC) calculations. Then we performed energy minimizations of SIBFA energy of the minima of the ix conformational curves. In order to evaluate the transferability of the method, we compared the relative stabilities of these minima with single-point QC calculations. But the differences of energy between the global minimum and local minima were underestimated in comparison with QC calculations. These results lead us to consider different ways of representing CTU. The more evident way consists in separating it in two fragments amide and thioamide. The effects of the conjugaison and the transferability of the multipoles and the polarisabilities are lost but could be compensated by the explicit consideration of the polarization energy between the amide and thioamide fragments. With this approach, the recalibration of the effective radii permitted to preserve good agreements with the QC calculations when probing the CTU by a water molecule. The conformational curves reproduce the QC curves after a minimal recalibration. The minima of these curves were then re-minimized with SIBFA, leading to structures close to those obtained with the first representation. But now, the differences of energy between the global minimum and the local minima are very close to those obtained in QC. Moreover, the evolution of the conformational curves as function of the number of the structure is ruled by the polarization energy. Otherwise, we obtained satisfactory results when we docked the tuftsin in Np1. These results will allow us to consider a detailed study of the interaction between lig47 et Np1.PARIS5-Bibliotheque electronique (751069902) / SudocPARIS-BIUM-Bib. Ă©lectronique (751069903) / SudocSudocFranceF

    A Free Web-Based Protocol to Assist Structure-Based Virtual Screening Experiments

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    International audienceChemical biology and drug discovery are complex and costly processes. In silico screening approaches play a key role in the identification and optimization of original bioactive molecules and increase the performance of modern chemical biology and drug discovery endeavors. Here, we describe a free web-based protocol dedicated to small-molecule virtual screening that includes three major steps: ADME-Tox filtering (via the web service FAF-Drugs4), docking-based virtual screening (via the web service MTiOpenScreen), and molecular mechanics optimization (via the web service AMMOS2 [Automatic Molecular Mechanics Optimization for in silico Screening]). The online tools FAF-Drugs4, MTiOpenScreen, and AMMOS2 are implemented in the freely accessible RPBS (Ressource Parisienne en Bioinformatique Structurale) platform. The proposed protocol allows users to screen thousands of small molecules and to download the top 1500 docked molecules that can be further processed online. Users can then decide to purchase a small list of compounds for in vitro validation. To demonstrate the potential of this online-based protocol, we performed virtual screening experiments of 4574 approved drugs against three cancer targets. The results were analyzed in the light of published drugs that have already been repositioned on these targets. We show that our protocol is able to identify active drugs within the top-ranked compounds. The web-based protocol is user-friendly and can successfully guide the identification of new promising molecules for chemical biology and drug discovery purposes

    Machine learning-driven identification of drugs inhibiting cytochrome P450 2C9

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    International audienceCytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) is a major drug-metabolizing enzyme that represents 20% of the hepatic CYPs and is responsible for the metabolism of 15% of drugs. A general concern in drug discovery is to avoid the inhibition of CYP leading to toxic drug accumulation and adverse drug–drug interactions. However, the prediction of CYP inhibition remains challenging due to its complexity. We developed an original machine learning approach for the prediction of drug-like molecules inhibiting CYP2C9. We created new predictive models by integrating CYP2C9 protein structure and dynamics knowledge, an original selection of physicochemical properties of CYP2C9 inhibitors, and machine learning modeling. We tested the machine learning models on publicly available data and demonstrated that our models successfully predicted CYP2C9 inhibitors with an accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of approximately 80%. We experimentally validated the developed approach and provided the first identification of the drugs vatalanib, piriqualone, ticagrelor and cloperidone as strong inhibitors of CYP2C9 with IC values <18 ÎŒM and sertindole, asapiprant, duvelisib and dasatinib as moderate inhibitors with IC50 values between 40 and 85 ÎŒM. Vatalanib was identified as the strongest inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.067 ÎŒM. Metabolism assays allowed the characterization of specific metabolites of abemaciclib, cloperidone, vatalanib and tarafenacin produced by CYP2C9. The obtained results demonstrate that such a strategy could improve the prediction of drug-drug interactions in clinical practice and could be utilized to prioritize drug candidates in drug discovery pipelines

    Addressing the issues of non-isotropy and non-additivity in the development of quantum chemistry-grounded polarizable molecular mechanics.

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    International audienceWe review two essential features of the intermolecular interaction energies (ΔE) computed in the context of quantum chemistry (QC): non-isotropy and non-additivity. Energy-decomposition analyses show the extent to which each comes into play in the separate ΔE contributions, namely electrostatic, short-range repulsion, polarization, charge-transfer and dispersion. Such contributions have their counterparts in anisotropic, polarizable molecular mechanics (APMM), and each of these should display the same features as in QC. We review examples to evaluate the performances of APMM in this respect. They bear on the complexes of one or several ligands with metal cations, and on multiply H-bonded complexes. We also comment on the involvement of polarization, a key contributor to non-additivity, in the issues of multipole transferability and conjugation. In the last section we provide recent examples of APMM validations by QC, which relate to interactions taking place in the recognition sites of kinases and metalloproteins. We conclude by mentioning prospects of extensive applications of APMM
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