HGF/c-Met/β1-integrin signalling axis induces tunneling nanotubes in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells

Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are thin cytoplasmic extensions involved in long-distance intercellular communication and can transport intracellular organelles and signalling molecules. In cancer cells, TNT formation contributes to cell survival, chemoresistance, and malignancy. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying TNT formation are not well defined, especially in different cancers. TNTs are present in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with adenocarcinoma. In NSCLC, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor, c-Met, are mutationally upregulated, causing increased cancer cell growth, survival, and invasion. This study identifies c-Met, β1-integrin, and paxillin as novel components of TNTs in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells, with paxillin localised at the protrusion site of TNTs. The HGF-induced TNTs in our study demonstrate the ability to transport lipid vesicles and mitochondria. HGF-induced TNT formation is mediated by c-Met and β1-integrin in conjunction with paxillin, followed by downstream activation of MAPK and PI3K pathways and the Arp2/3 complex. These findings demonstrate a potential novel approach to inhibit TNT formation through targeting HGF/c-Met receptor and β1-integrin signalling interactions, which has implications for multi-drug targeting in NSCLC

Research Field Development for Community and Heritage in Egypt

In the last years there has been a collapse in Research Field Our project contributes the development of the scientific research system in Egypt.Findings:there is a lack of organizations that aim to develop scientific research field in addition there is no awareness from community specially educated class of the value of scientific research field. The efficiency of scientific field in Egypt isn't suitable enough to contribute in conserve heritage and community restoration.Practical implications: our case study is located in ''Magra Al'' district which is considered a cultural heritage district where ''Magra Al Oyoon Wall'' is located, which is considered the main land mark of this district, it is facing many problems, it is partly dilapidated and surrounded with slums, this slums have a lot of issues such as population and health problems. Our basic design of study including; Historical study about 'Magra Al' heritage, Social, LegalUrban studies and SWOT analysis for the current situation. As a result of our analysis and studies in the context of the research topic, we found that the most suitable types of innovation centers are 'Medical Research Center' and 'Monument Restoration and Research Center'

Community Center as a Cultural Hub, for Cultural Heritage Conservation

Community centers are a type of community development services that promote social relationships and mutual support, develop a sense of self-reliance, social responsibility and community cohesion, as well as empowering individuals and families to solve common social problems. In doing so, community centers enhance, one way or another, the community's quality of life. The successful design of community centers ought to accomplish a set of goals in different aspects ;1- Socially, providing a safe place to practice various activities, 2- Environmentally, ensuring a healthy environment through utilizing natural ventilation, lighting, among other passive techniques, 3-Recreational, offering different kinds of entertainment activities, either indoor or outdoor, such as commercial spaces and sports facilities, 4-Economically, attracting different visitors and promoting tourism, 5- Educational, providing a pleasant environment for educational services for the illiterate and children. The importance of the above-mentioned goals is greatly escalated in urban contexts with diverse social, urban and status, as in the case of " Magra Al " district. A rich historical area that has been severely affected by population growth, deteriorated urban state, plethora of social, economical, and environmental problems. The main aim of the research is to provide an overview of the design criteria of community centers taking into consideration the mutual impacts between the design and the surrounding context, focusing on the significant value of " Magra Al " district as one of Cairo's heritage sites, thus ensuring its sustainability

Urban regeneration of "SoorMagra AL Oyoon" district

Egypt is considered one of the most historically rich countries around the world, not only for its famous ancient Egyptian monuments but also for its rich Coptic and Islamic heritage sites. Among which is the medieval Mamluk aqueduct of Sultan AL-Nasser Mohammadknown as " SoorMagra AL". However, despite its ionic location and great historic value, SoorMagra ALdistrict has been severely neglected and affected by the great population growth and urban sprawl leaving it urbanely deteriorated, poorly designed, and aching with slums, pollution, and destructive land uses.The research aims to propose a revitalization and urban development strategy forALdistrict through a number of urban interventions including the removal of slums and inappropriate land uses, reallocating suitable land uses, redesigning streets, pedestrian and bike lanes, green areas, and public spaces that respect the context and urban fabric of such a valuable heritage site.The proposed project is mainly a commercial promenade combining urban, social, economic, and touristic activities. The research follows an analytical methodology through which the basic urban design theories and standards of infill projects in heritage sites would be reviewed, as well as undergoing a comparative analysis of successful commercialinfill projects in different heritage sites around the world. Moreover, the research would offer an urban assessment of the current urban state of SoorMagra ALthrough cooperating with various governmental entities for acquiring statistical data, maps, and information, as well as a series of fstudies to cover all design criteria. The proposed project aims to integrate a number of different functions including commercial, touristic, and community services through a comprehensive urban design project that acts as a catalyst regenerating project not only in the urban aspect but also socially and economically

Urban regeneration of "SoorMagra AL Oyoon" district

Egypt is considered one of the most historically rich countries around the world, not only for its famous ancient Egyptian monuments but also for its rich Coptic and Islamic heritage sites. Among which is the medieval Mamluk aqueduct of Sultan AL-Nasser Mohammadknown as " SoorMagra AL". However, despite its ionic location and great historic value, SoorMagra ALdistrict has been severely neglected and affected by the great population growth and urban sprawl leaving it urbanely deteriorated, poorly designed, and aching with slums, pollution, and destructive land uses.The research aims to propose a revitalization and urban development strategy forALdistrict through a number of urban interventions including the removal of slums and inappropriate land uses, reallocating suitable land uses, redesigning streets, pedestrian and bike lanes, green areas, and public spaces that respect the context and urban fabric of such a valuable heritage site.The proposed project is mainly a commercial promenade combining urban, social, economic, and touristic activities. The research follows an analytical methodology through which the basic urban design theories and standards of infill projects in heritage sites would be reviewed, as well as undergoing a comparative analysis of successful commercialinfill projects in different heritage sites around the world. Moreover, the research would offer an urban assessment of the current urban state of SoorMagra ALthrough cooperating with various governmental entities for acquiring statistical data, maps, and information, as well as a series of fstudies to cover all design criteria. The proposed project aims to integrate a number of different functions including commercial, touristic, and community services through a comprehensive urban design project that acts as a catalyst regenerating project not only in the urban aspect but also socially and economically