Using CSL with Special Education and Reading Resource Students

During 1992, as my students and myself created a community service learning opportunity, we were introduced to the fun of researching statistics, to developing our problem-solving skills and to the complexities of geography. But most of all we, as a team, learned ways to improve the ways in which we worked with each other in small groups, in our classrooms and in our community

Medicaid in a Crunch: A Mid-FY 2009 Update on State Medicaid Issues in a Recession

Based on a November 2008 survey of Medicaid directors, examines the impact of the economic downturn on state Medicaid programs midway through fiscal year 2009, including possible cutbacks; the outlook for 2010; and priorities for federal action

Spontaneous Pushing vs Directed Valsalva Pushing

The purpose of this study is to determine if spontaneous pushing during the second stage of labor produces better maternal outcomes than the more commonly used directed Valsalva pushing. A literature review of the recent studies has been performed to determine if Valsalva pushing is simply archaic or absolutely necessary for healthier mother/baby outcomes. To recommend that women go against their primal urges to push in the man­ner that their own bodies are directing them, indicates that there must be research-based evidence to intervene in the natural order of things and use Valsalva pushing instead. When in fact, there are several study results proving that women using spontaneous pushing experienced less pain, fatigue, and appreciated an overall more positive experience over directed Valsalva pushing. Another study revealed decreased bladder capacity and problems with the first urge to void three months postpartum after use of the Valsalva pushing technique. The only current evidence to support directed Valsalva pushing is due to a shorter second stage of labor, although, despite the shorter duration, the maternal and fetal outcomes were the same using both techniques. At this point in time there does not seem to be enough research-based evidence to recommend one pushing technique over the other, therefore the only recommendation should be to allow birthing mothers to push naturally and sponta­neously, when their bodies instinctively tell them it is time to push

The Instrumental Theories of John Dewey and Clarence Ayres

The purpose of this analysis is to explain the instrumental theories of Dewey and Ayres; their analysis of societal problems and the proposed solutions; and finally their perception of the future direction of society. Dewey and Ayres both utilized the instrumental theory of value to analyze problems and propose solutions. According to this theory, something has value if it enhances or furthers the life process of mankind. Therefore, this should become the criterion to be utilized in determining the future courses of action. They both agree that policy decisions should be made with at least one goal in mind: progress

Junior Recital

List of performers and performances

Major inhibitory factors in the assessment of themes by Oregon high school English teachers

This study's purpose was to provide data on major inhibitory factors experienced by a third of Oregon high school English teachers in areas of: attitudes, behaviors, and physical and emotional effects of theme assessment. Methods employed two analyses: (1) statistical testing of the independent variable of teaching experience (1 to 2, 3 to 5, 6 to 10, and 11+ years) applied to twelve null hypotheses by the Chi-Square test for significance; and (2) descriptive analysis of frequencies. Hypotheses were stated to measure no significant differences between years of experience and twelve assumptions about: 1)number of themes assessed per month, 2)hours spent per month on theme assessment, 3)assessment turnaround time, 4)amount of commentary given, 5)perceptions that most students do not seem to apply assessment suggestions to subsequent themes, 6)fatigue affecting judgment in assessment, 7)perceptions that assessment may adversely affect eyesight, 8)feelings of despair over students making the same errors previously pointed out, 9)perceptions that burnout is related to assessment, 1O)perceptions that a journalism copy editing course would be unlikely to lessen assessment time, ll)the belief that composition should be taught as a separate course, 12)perceptions that a teachers' short course on assessment would have practical application to an increased theme load. Measured by Chi-Square, the first hypotheses was rejected; the other eleven were retained. Descriptive analyses supported null hypotheses results and yielded conclusions about: l)assessment loads and teachers behaviors, 2)in-service training and assistance, and 3)attitudes about a national standardized theme structure, theme writing per se, and work loads of other disciplines. Recommendations include smaller and fewer classes, a separate composition course, and further assessment training, Suggestions for further research include investigating the lack of militancy in high school English teachers, feasibility of shifting assessment training to Education Departments, applicability of copy editing training, studying teachers' physical and emotion-related ailments

Changing tectonic regimes in the southern Salinian block : extension, strike-slip faulting, compression and rotation in the Cuyama Valley, California

During the Cenozoic, tectonics in the Cuyama basin of the southeastern Salinian block changed from extension to strike-slip faulting to compression and rotation. During the Oligocene-early Miocene, the Cuyama basin was adjacent to the southern Mojave region and part of that extensional tectonic regime. Many present-day reverse faults have an extensional history. At [approximately] 23 Ma, strike-slip faulting began, and the Cuyama basin was part of a zone of distributed shear between the North American and Pacific plates. The Russell fault, which is the oldest documented right-lateral fault in the region, began movement at [approximately] 23 Ma which continued until 4 Ma. Tracing its 29 km of slip south of the Big Pine fault is problematic. It may connect with the Blue Rock fault below the Cuyama Badlands, and then correlate with the Clemens Well-Fenner-San Francisquito fault segments, another early strand of the San Andreas fault system to the south. An associated left-lateral fault is proposed to underlie the southeast Caliente Range. The Cox normal fault, which was active during deposition of the Saltos Shale member of the Monterey Formation, is another structure associated with the early right-lateral shear. Compressional tectonics have occurred more recently. The Caliente Range is moving south on the Whiterock and Morales thrusts; the Sierra Madre is moving north on the South Cuyama and Ozena faults. A blind thrust that may be a southern extension of the Morales thrust is postulated to underlie the folds of the Cuyama Badlands. The Plio-Pleistocene Morales Formation was deposited during the onset of folding and thrust faulting. Magnetostratigraphy was used on the Morales Formation to date uplift of the Caliente Range, which began between 3.0 and 2.5 Ma. Recent uplift of the Frazier Mountain-Mt. Pinos highlands began between 2.6 and 0.78 Ma. Paleomagnetism also revealed 23° of post-Morales Formation clockwise rotation. The rotation may be due to the movement of material west of the San Andreas fault around the Big Bend of the San Andreas fault

The Role of Storytelling in Effective Family Literacy Programs

The family literacy movement, which emphasizes respect for diversity and the cultural heritage of participants, is gaining momentum. Acknowledging the importance of family-aseducator, researchers have searched for effective strategies to develop children\u27s oral language and literacy more authentically. The art of storytelling provides an excellent vehicle for promoting and enhancing language and literacy development within families. A sampling of effective family literacy programs across the United States revealed that each included storytelling as a vital component

Pollinator Visitation Frequency Associated with Native and Non-native Plants in a Mid-Atlantic Piedmont (USA) Urban Garden

The recent focus on the importance of native plants and their pollinators has highlighted the critical role of local species in their natural environment. As urban encroachment, climate change, and invasive species continues to threaten native habitats, it is increasingly important to promote the use of local green spaces as refugia for native plants and their pollinators. The aim of this project, therefore, was to identify and assess the visitation frequency of insect pollinators associated with an urban setting within the Piedmont region of Virginia, and compare their association with native versus closely-related but non-native summer-flowering plants. Several modes of insect examination were used to assess these metrics in the Brian Wesley Moores Native Plant Garden on the campus of Randolph-Macon College. We observed an overall preference for the native species on a total of four native:non-native pair comparisons, including a higher number of total insect visitors and a more diverse assortment of pollinator types. Our data supports the notion that native plant species should be prioritized in urban green spaces, as it provides the appropriate flora to support ecosystem balance in a setting threatened by human activities