Neural evidence for Bayesian trial-by-trial adaptation on the N400 during semantic priming.

When semantic information is activated by a context prior to new bottom-up input (i.e. when a word is predicted), semantic processing of that incoming word is typically facilitated, attenuating the amplitude of the N400 event related potential (ERP) - a direct neural measure of semantic processing. N400 modulation is observed even when the context is a single semantically related "prime" word. This so-called "N400 semantic priming effect" is sensitive to the probability of encountering a related prime-target pair within an experimental block, suggesting that participants may be adapting the strength of their predictions to the predictive validity of their broader experimental environment. We formalize this adaptation using a Bayesian learning model that estimates and updates the probability of encountering a related versus an unrelated prime-target pair on each successive trial. We found that our model's trial-by-trial estimates of target word probability accounted for significant variance in trial-by-trial N400 amplitude. These findings suggest that Bayesian principles contribute to how comprehenders adapt their semantic predictions to the statistical structure of their broader environment, with implications for the functional significance of the N400 component and the predictive nature of language processing

Early diagnostic suggestions improve accuracy of GPs:a randomised controlled trial using computer-simulated patients

Background: Designers of computerised diagnostic support systems (CDSSs) expect physicians to notice when they need advice and enter into the CDSS all information that they have gathered about the patient. The poor use of CDSSs and the tendency not to follow advice once a leading diagnosis emerges would question this expectation.Aim: To determine whether providing GPs with diagnoses to consider before they start testing hypotheses improves accuracy.Design and setting: Mixed factorial design, where 297 GPs diagnosed nine patient cases, differing in difficulty, in one of three experimental conditions: control, early support, or late support.Method: Data were collected over the internet. After reading some initial information about the patient and the reason for encounter, GPs requested further information for diagnosis and management. Those receiving early support were shown a list of possible diagnoses before gathering further information. In late support, GPs first gave a diagnosis and were then shown which other diagnoses they could still not discount.Results: Early support significantly improved diagnostic accuracy over control (odds ratio [OR] 1.31; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] = 1.03 to 1.66, P = 0.027), while late support did not (OR 1.10; 95% CI = 0.88 to 1.37). An absolute improvement of 6% with early support was obtained. There was no significant interaction with case difficulty and no effect of GP experience on accuracy. No differences in information search were detected between experimental conditions.Conclusion: Reminding GPs of diagnoses to consider before they start testing hypotheses can improve diagnostic accuracy irrespective of case difficulty, without lengthening information search

Go open! Supporting higher education staff engagement in open educational practices

his paper reports on the activities of a team in Dublin City University (DCU), composed of academic staff and library staff, who engaged in a collaborative project, Go Open, in 2020 and 2021 that encourages members of the DCU community to engage in open educational practices. The academic staff team members, from DCU’s Open Education Unit, have experience in providing online, flexible, open education/access programmes that include many examples of open educational practice, while the library staff have experience in advocating for engagement in open educational practice and open scholarship/science. The project goals were: to produce user-friendly resources that would give an introduction to open education generally and more specifically key types of open educational practice; to provide concrete examples of open educational practice to contextualise the educational problems for which such practices can provide a solution; and provide links to other sources of information on open education such as key websites and thought leaders so that those whose interest in open education is sparked by the resources are facilitated in taking their next step. These project goals align with the first action area of the UNESCO OER recommendation, that of building capacity of stakeholders to create, access, re-use, adapt and redistribute OER. The Go Open project developed both a guide, ‘Go Open: A beginners guide to open education’, and a LibGuide (https://dcu.libguides.com/GoOpen), both of which were launched at an event in April 2021 as part of the team’s ongoing project output dissemination and advocacy for open education practice. In the two weeks after the launch event the guide had 387 views and 178 downloads, while the libguide had 781 views. The Go Open Project was funded by the National Forum for the Enhancement of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education and DCU’s Teaching Enhancement Unit through the SATLE 19 fund

Go open: a beginners guide to open education

In this short guide, we aim to give you a beginners guide to the area of open education, so that you can engage with open education practices in your teaching, research and support activities and to Go Open

The Grizzly, December 4, 2003

Bringing Washington to Ursinus: Congress to Campus a Success • To Give is Better than to Receive: The Season of Generosity • Saying Goodbye to the Grizzly • Opinions: Holidays Hitting you too Soon?; New Year\u27s Resolutions Through the Years; Necessary Evils of Resolutions; Intramural Sports: Not Just Fun • Final Exam Schedule • Berman Exhibit • ProTheatre Play a Success • Four Women Soccer Players Named All Conference • Men\u27s and Women\u27s Basketball off to a Good Start • Ursinus Wrestling Dominates at Home • Stanton Named Player of the Week • Steroids in Pro Sportshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1550/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, February 4, 2010

The Brandon Kamin Show Premieres • Students Leading Haiti Relief Initiatives • Berman Premieres Min(d)ing the Landscape Exhibit • Ursinus Alumnus, J. D. Salinger, Dies • TCE Air Monitoring: Ursinus Student Research with the DEP • Learning to Learn: Choosing Majors and Finding a Path at Ursinus College • Opinion: Student Perceptions of CIE: What do Students Take from Course? • Ursinus Men\u27s Rugby Looking Forward to 2010https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1804/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, March 4, 2010

Ursinus Theater presents The Crucible • Political Cartoonist, Author Discusses New Book • CoSA Application, Logo Submission Deadlines Extended • Interest in Bioethics in Medicine Rises at UC • American Heart Month • Ursinus Looks Into The Buried Life • Neshoba Highlights Civil Rights Corruption in Honor of Black History Month • Chat Roulette Gambles with the Issues of Social Networking • Ursinus Lacrosse Looks to Outwork Opposition • Indoor Track & Field Championshiphttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1808/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, November 20, 2003

Can I Kiss You? • Grade Your Professors Today: Website Spotlight • Did Veterans Day Pass you by? • Opinions: Celebrity Couples: Do we Really Care That Much?; GSA Forum Celebrates the Essence of a Liberal Arts Education; Search for the Right Search Engine; Concerning the Residential Village • All American Cafe • Ursinus College Presents: The Love of the Nightingale; Meet the Director • Come Support Jazz and Concert Bands • Men\u27s Basketball Season Looks Promising • Women\u27s Basketball Team Young, yet Optimistichttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1549/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, October 1, 2009

Students Composting to Create Sustainability • Students Fight the Yawn and Stay Up \u27Til Dawn • Former NY Times Editor Gives Students Advice • Unsolved Vandalism on Campus Could Hit Students\u27 Wallets • Dissatisfaction Erupts with Mass E-mail • Teaching Assistants Indulge in the UC Culture • Beatles Enthusiast\u27s Book Tour Hits Phoenixville • First to Perform Original Play in 100 Years • Opinions: Freedom of Expression?: Pornography Trial; Play Review: A Wise Choice for Weekend Amusement; Liar, Liar, President Obama\u27s Plans May Catch on Fire ; How About a Universal Care-for-Your-Health Plan?: Employer Health Incentives • Ursinus Women\u27s Lacrosse Welcomes New Assistant Coach • UCXC Continues Their Long Strides in 2009https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1793/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, September 17, 2009

Recycling Team Takes Action Against Campus Waste • Annual Activities Fair Starts the Year Off • Campus Safety, Police Relations: Battle of Jurisdiction • Berman\u27s New Exhibit: Muriel\u27s Moores • Is the Power Plant Damaging More Than Our Eardrums? • Restaurant Review: Iron Hill Brewery • Club Spotlight: InterVarsity Christian Fellowship • Hidden Treasures in the Berman and Myrin • Opinion: Liberal Arts, Limited Choices?; Facebook Friends: How Far is Too Far?; Obama\u27s Administration and the Takeover of the Communist Czar Regime; Socialism is the New Word for Progress • UC Men\u27s Soccer Coach Adds Sustainability Coordinator to His Title • Positivity and Friendship Staples of the UC Women\u27s Volleyball Teamhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1791/thumbnail.jp