Effect of 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate on ERG OFF-response after glycinergic and GABAergic blockade

AbstractSuperfusion with 200 μM 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate (APB) of dark and chromatically adapted frog eyecups caused marked potentiation of the ERG OFF-response (d-wave). Blockade of the glycinergic synapses by strychnine did not change this effect at all. Blockade of the GABAergic synapses by picrotoxin slightly diminished the effect of APB in chromatically-adapted eyes with isolated cones' activity, and did not change it in dark-adapted eyes. The results indicate that the action of APB on ERG OFF-response does not depend significantly on GABAergic and glycinergic neurotransmission in frog retina

Enamel pearl associated with localized periodontitis in Hellenistic age woman

Tooth anatomic factors like ectopic enamel pearls are often associated with localized periodontal inflammation and bone loss. There are no existing paleopathological data for such structural anomalies in ancient populations associated with periodontal pathology in the literature. A rare case of enamel pearl on the maxillary right first molar of women associated with localized periodontitis is presented and discussed

APPLICATION OF MIRROR THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH STROKE

Purpose. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of mirror therapy as a method of restoring damaged upper limb function in patients with ischemic stroke treated with venous thrombolysis. Materials. Mirror therapy was administered to 10 thrombolyzed patients with ischemic stroke. The patients were treated in the neurological ward of the Multi-profile Hospital for Active Treatment-Blagoevgrad in the period from 2014-2015. After signing a declaration of informed consent of the patients, a Barthel index test was applied before and after hospitalization. The duration of the procedure is 15-20 minutes for 5 days and is part of the general kinesitherapy program. The Prizm statistical package was used for statistical data processing and graphical presentation. Results. The mean age of the studied contingent was 67±2.8 years. Our new and specialized method of kinesitherapy for the recovery of patients treated with venous thrombolysis confirms a significant positive effect (Wilcoxon, ANOVA). Conclusion. The results of our research show that the application of the author's methodology with mirror therapy creates an opportunity to improve the functions in the damaged upper limb and improves the quality of life

Enamel pearl associated with localized periodontitis in Hellenistic age woman

Tooth anatomic factors like ectopic enamel pearls are often associated with localized periodontal inflammation and bone loss. There are no existing paleopathological data for such structural anomalies in ancient populations associated with periodontal pathology in the literature. A rare case of enamel pearl on the maxillary right first molar of women associated with localized periodontitis is presented and discussed

A CONTEMPORARY NON-INVASIVE METHOD FOR ASSESSING ORAL PRECANCEROUS LESIONS

Purpose: With the advance of the modern technologies, the identification of dysplastic changes in the oral mucosa on a molecular level seems to have transferred into the dental office. With the new methods, however, new responsibilities and problems arise. The current review is an attempt to present the advantages and disadvantages of the clinical technologies used for early diagnostics of the oral precancerous lesions. Materials and Methods: This study is based on an extensive literature review and personal clinical experience with these contemporary evaluating methods of oral precancerous lesions. Results: The results from the pathohistological evaluation reveal stratified squamous epithelium with pronounced parabasal hyperplasia, disturbed maturation and loss of polarity of the basal cells. The latter demonstrates hyperchromatic polymorphic nuclei and single mitotic figures in half of the epithelial thickness. The morphological data points to a moderate epithelial dysplasia. Conclusion: The loss of autofluorescence seems to be the most promising non-invasive method for identification of epithelial dysplasia in the oral cavity. The presence of some non-dysplastic lesions, which can also be non-fluorescent, i.e. produce “false negative” results, is one of the disadvantages of this method. Despite that most modern technologies are practical and convinient, they should be approached with a critical eye and should not be used as single and independent diagnostic means but only as an adjunct to the established classical methods of diagnostics

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Effects of dopamine D1 receptor blockade on the ERG b- and d-waves during blockade of ionotropic GABA receptors

Effects of different concentrations of SCH 23390 on the amplitudes of the ERG b- and d-waves. The amplitudes of the ERG waves were normalized to the values obtained just prior to SCH 23390 application. Means ± SEM are shown. (TIFF 879 kb