Undergraduate Commencement Exercises Program, May 22, 1999.

Bryant University Undergraduate Commencement Exercises Program, May 22, 1999

Livestock-Livelihood Linkages in Uganda: The Benefits for Women and Rural Households?

Livestock are an important component of rural households and gendered livelihood practices throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Widespread within the development literature is the belief in the livestock ladder, with poorer households often owning small stock and wealthier households owning large stock, with the assumption that poor households can utilize livestock to build their asset base and overtime this would allow poorer households to expand from small stock to large stock, in so doing climb the livestock ladder. There is also an assumption in the literature that women are more likely to oversee small stock. In addition, some well-known agricultural development programs have sought to empower women and households through livestock development schemes, working on the assumption that livestock can play an important role in providing a pathway out of poverty. Our research engages with the growing concern that livestock-livelihood linkages and their relationships to gender are not well understood within the existing literature or at the empirical level. This is in part due to a lack of data on the topic, which includes an over-reliance on household-level data, which does not allow for an analysis of intra-household livelihood-livestock linkages. Utilizing four separate data sets, this article analyzes whether the livestock ladder exists in Uganda, especially in the central and eastern regions of Uganda. We find evidence that income contributes to total number of animals owned at the household level, but the evidence concerning small stock being the domain of poorer households and women, is mixed. By comparing empirical evidence with the existing literature we can not only better understand the ways in which rural development programs can affect gendered livestock-livelihood practices, but also inform current theorizing and policy practices surrounding livestock-livelihood linkages

Constructing Credibility: Using Technoscience to Legitimate Strategies in Agrifood Governance

Agrifood scholars working within a political economy framework increasingly draw upon the concept of governance to analyze the regulation of global agricultural and food systems. An important limitation of this approach is that it fails to explain how governance strategies are legitimated. Drawing on three diverse cases that span three continents, our paper examines how standards makers appeal to technoscientific norms and values to establish both credibility for their standards and their authority in constructing them. These cases explore the development and implementation of a standard requiring complete elimination of a tart cherry insect pest in the United States; the process of establishing and maintaining red meat hygiene standards in the processing and retail sectors of South Africa; and the role of GLOBALGAP standards for pesticide residues in protecting worker health and safety in the Chilean fresh fruit export sector. These cases illustrate how appeals to technoscience mask controversy and vested interests and allow actors to exclude, conceal, and mystify possible alternatives; and they demonstrate the value that science and technology studies can bring to bear in understanding agrifood governance

You\u27ve Gotta Read This: Summer Reading at Musselman Library (2004)

Each year Musselman Library asks Gettysburg College faculty, staff, and administrators to help create a suggested summer reading list to inspire students and the rest of our campus community to take time in the summer to sit back, relax, and read. These summer reading picks are guaranteed to offer much adventure, drama, and fun! The spring 2004 issue of You’ve Gotta Read This! expanded to include recommendations from Gettysburg College staff and administrators in addition to faculty. Popular titles for this year were A Short History of Nearly Everything by Bill Bryson and Dan Brown’s The Da Vinci Code.https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/summerreads/1009/thumbnail.jp

Something in it for the underdog: the playwriting of Joan Ure

No abstract available

Calamity\u27s Child

Richard Russo selected Calamity\u27s Child as the winning entry in our Chapter One Contest. Here are the first 20 pages of Ducey\u27s novel

Candida albicans Hypha Formation and Mannan Masking of β-Glucan Inhibit Macrophage Phagosome Maturation

Received 28 August 2014 Accepted 28 October 2014 Published 2 December 2014 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank Janet Willment, Aberdeen Fungal Group, University of Aberdeen, for kindly providing the soluble Dectin-1-Fc reporter. All microscopy was performed with the assistance of the University of Aberdeen Core Microscopy & Histology Facility, and we thank the IFCC for their assistance with flow cytometry. We thank the Wellcome Trust for funding (080088, 086827, 075470, 099215, 097377, and 101873). E.R.B. and A.J.P.B. are funded by the European Research Council (ERC-2009-AdG-249793), and J.L. is funded by a Medical Research Council Clinical Training Fellowship.Peer reviewedPublisher PD