Selecting the Optimal Unrelated Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Donor for Relapse Prevention in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Introduction/Background Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) provides a cure for patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Natural killer cells (NK) play an important role in graft versus leukemia (GVL) effect after HCT, through killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) interaction with HLA ligands. This study is undertaken to validate our previously published mathematical model accounting for the KIR-KIRL interactions in a post HCT setting. Methods Retrospective data were obtained from the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Registry for 2317 donor recipient pairs (DRP) who underwent 7/8 or 8/8 HLA allelic matched unrelated donor (URD) HCT for AML. KIR-HLA interaction scores were calculated by summing interaction values as previously described (Krieger et. Al BBMT 2019). Results Relapse risk was significantly reduced with donor-recipient pairs (DRP) with the higher inhibitory KIR-KIRL interaction and missing KIRL scores, Cox prop hazard, HR=0.86 (P=0.01) & HR=0.84 (P=0.02) respectively. The inhibitory KIR-KIRL interaction score components were then summed to give an IM-KIR score; IM KIR score =5 was also associated with a lower relapse risk, HR 0.8 (P=0.003). Subset analysis of 8/8 HLA matched patients showed further relapse reduction HR 0.75 (P=0.001); those patients with IM-KIR=5 donors who received ATG for in vivo T cell depletion (N=730) showed a 39% relapse reduction (HR 0.61, P=0.001) with a trend toward improved RFS, HR 0.84 (p=0.11). The use of ATG was shown to modify the effect of IM KIR score in interaction analysis (p=0.049), suggesting higher NK cell magnitude of KIR-KIRL interaction compensates for the general increase of relapse who receive in vivo T cell depletion. Conclusion This large international study confirms that unrelated DRPs with high iKIR and mKIR scores, as well as a combined IM-KIR scores confer significant relapse protection after MUD HCT, indicating that donors with a higher iKIR content may be considered optimal for URD HCT recipients with AML

Can Graft vs. Leukemia Effect Be Uncoupled From Graft vs. Host Disease? An Examination of Proportions

Can Graft vs. Leukemia Effect Be Uncoupled From Graft vs. Host Disease? An Examination of Proportion

Controlled Polymerization of Ethyl Glyoxylate Using Alkyllithium and Alkoxide Initiators

The synthesis of poly(ethyl glyoxylate)s (PEtGs) by anionic polymerization was explored. PEtGs are a subclass of stimuli-responsive self-immolative polymers with promising properties for applications as coatings, sensors, and drug delivery vehicles. In this report, a new purification procedure for the preparation of highly pure ethyl glyoxylate (EtG), suitable for anionic polymerization reactions, and the first successful examples of controlled polymerization of EtG are described. n-BuLi, PhLi, and t-BuLi were employed as initiators under different experimental conditions and their behavior was examined using NMR spectroscopy, size exclusion chromatography, and thermal analysis to develop an optimized procedure. As functional alkoxide initiators, propargyl alkoxide was employed in optimization studies and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) dialkoxide was utilized for the direct synthesis of PEtG-PEG-PEtG copolymers. The new polymerization method revealed many features of controlled polymerization reactions, yielding PEtGs with predictable molar masses and relatively low dispersity values

TINJUAN YURIDIS PENERAPAN LARANGAN BERDASARKAN PERATURAN DAERAH KOTA SERANG NOMOR 2 TAHUN 2010 TENTANG PENCEGAHAN, PEMBERANTASAN DAN PENANGGULANGAN PENYAKIT MASYARAKAT

Abstract—Human rights are a set of rights that are inherent in the nature and existence of humans as creatures of God Almighty and are His gifts that must be respected, upheld and protected by the state, law, government and everyone for the sa ke of honor and protection of human dignity. as stated in Article 1 point 1 of Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights. Human rights cover a wide range of rights, such as civil rights, political rights, economic rights and socio-cultural rights. Human rights must be protected by everyone, the law, the state and the government. So in carrying out all its authority, the government must pay attention to human rights because it has become its responsibility to promote, uphold, and protect human rights. The government has the authority to form regulations, but not a few of the policies formed miss an important element, namely human rights. This journal specifically discusses matters related to economic rights contained in the regional regulation of Serang No. 2 of 2010 concerning Prevention, Eradication and Management of Community Diseases. The research method used is normative legal research using the statute approach and conceptual approach and analyzing by deduction. The results of this study indicate that the regional regulations impede the economic rights of food vendors in exercising their rights to improve their standard of living. Based on Law Number 15 of 2019 Concerning Amendments to Law Number 12 of 2011 concerning Formation of Legislation, article 6 paragraph (1) states that one of the contents of Legislative Regulations must reflect the principle of humanity, that is, e very Content Material Laws and regulations must reflect the protection and respect for human rights and the dignity of every citizen and resident of Indonesia in a proportionate manner. If laws and regulations are found that do not reflect human rights, it i s necessary to review these regulations. Keywords: human rihts, local government regulation   Abstrak—Hak Asasi Manusia adalah seperangkat hak yang melekat pada hakikat dan keberadaan manusia sebagai makhluk Tuhan Yang Maha Esa dan merupakan anugerah-Nya yang wajib dihormati, dijunjung tinggi dan dilindungi oleh negara, hukum, Pemerintah, dan setiap orang demi kehormatan seta perlindungan harkat dan martabat manusia sebagaimana dikatakan dalam Pasal 1 angka 1 Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia. Hak asasi manusia melingkupi berbagai macam seperti hak sipil, hak politik, hak ekonomi dan hak sosial budaya. Hak asasi manusia harus dilindungi setiap orang, hukum, negara maupun pemerintah. Maka dalam menjalankan segala kewenangannya, pemerintah harus memperhatikan hak asasi manusia karena telah menjadi tanggung jawabnya untuk memajukan, menegakkan, serta melindungi hak asasi manusia. Pemerintah memiliki kewenangan membentuk peraturan, akan tetapi tidak sedikit dari kebijakan yang dibentuk melewatkan unsur penting yakni hak asasi manusia. Dalam jurnal ini membahas khusus hal terkait hak ekonomi yang terdapat pada peraturan daerah Kota Serang No. 2 Tahun 2010 Tentang Pencegahan, Pemberantasan Dan Penanggulangan Penyakit Masyarakat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian  hukum  normatif  dengan pendekatan statute approach dan conceptual approach serta menganalisis dengan cara deduksi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peraturan daerah tersebut menghalangi hak ekonomi pedagang makanan dalam melaksanakan hak meningkatkan taraf  hidupnya. Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 15 Tahun  2019 Tentang  Perubahan  Atas  Undang-Undang  Nomor  12  Tahun  2011  tentang  Pembentukan  Peraturan  Perundang-Undangan, pasal 6 ayat (1) menyatakan bahwa salah satu materi muatan Peraturan Perundang-undangan harus mencerminkan asas kemanusiaan, yaitu setiap Materi Muatan Peraturan Perundang-undangan harus mencerminkan pelindungan dan penghormatan hak asasi manusia serta harkat dan martabat setiap warga negara dan penduduk Indonesia secara proporsional. Apabila didapati peraturan perundang-undnagan yang tidak mencerminkan hak asasi manusia, maka perlu dilakukan peninjauan kembali terhadap peraturan tersebut. Kata kunci: hak asasi manusia, peraturan daera

TINJUAN YURIDIS PENERAPAN LARANGAN BERDASARKAN PERATURAN DAERAH KOTA SERANG NOMOR 2 TAHUN 2010 TENTANG PENCEGAHAN, PEMBERANTASAN DAN PENANGGULANGAN PENYAKIT MASYARAKAT

Abstract—Human rights are a set of rights that are inherent in the nature and existence of humans as creatures of God Almighty and are His gifts that must be respected, upheld and protected by the state, law, government and everyone for the sa ke of honor and protection of human dignity. as stated in Article 1 point 1 of Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights. Human rights cover a wide range of rights, such as civil rights, political rights, economic rights and socio-cultural rights. Human rights must be protected by everyone, the law, the state and the government. So in carrying out all its authority, the government must pay attention to human rights because it has become its responsibility to promote, uphold, and protect human rights. The government has the authority to form regulations, but not a few of the policies formed miss an important element, namely human rights. This journal specifically discusses matters related to economic rights contained in the regional regulation of Serang No. 2 of 2010 concerning Prevention, Eradication and Management of Community Diseases. The research method used is normative legal research using the statute approach and conceptual approach and analyzing by deduction. The results of this study indicate that the regional regulations impede the economic rights of food vendors in exercising their rights to improve their standard of living. Based on Law Number 15 of 2019 Concerning Amendments to Law Number 12 of 2011 concerning Formation of Legislation, article 6 paragraph (1) states that one of the contents of Legislative Regulations must reflect the principle of humanity, that is, e very Content Material Laws and regulations must reflect the protection and respect for human rights and the dignity of every citizen and resident of Indonesia in a proportionate manner. If laws and regulations are found that do not reflect human rights, it i s necessary to review these regulations. Keywords: human rihts, local government regulation   Abstrak—Hak Asasi Manusia adalah seperangkat hak yang melekat pada hakikat dan keberadaan manusia sebagai makhluk Tuhan Yang Maha Esa dan merupakan anugerah-Nya yang wajib dihormati, dijunjung tinggi dan dilindungi oleh negara, hukum, Pemerintah, dan setiap orang demi kehormatan seta perlindungan harkat dan martabat manusia sebagaimana dikatakan dalam Pasal 1 angka 1 Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia. Hak asasi manusia melingkupi berbagai macam seperti hak sipil, hak politik, hak ekonomi dan hak sosial budaya. Hak asasi manusia harus dilindungi setiap orang, hukum, negara maupun pemerintah. Maka dalam menjalankan segala kewenangannya, pemerintah harus memperhatikan hak asasi manusia karena telah menjadi tanggung jawabnya untuk memajukan, menegakkan, serta melindungi hak asasi manusia. Pemerintah memiliki kewenangan membentuk peraturan, akan tetapi tidak sedikit dari kebijakan yang dibentuk melewatkan unsur penting yakni hak asasi manusia. Dalam jurnal ini membahas khusus hal terkait hak ekonomi yang terdapat pada peraturan daerah Kota Serang No. 2 Tahun 2010 Tentang Pencegahan, Pemberantasan Dan Penanggulangan Penyakit Masyarakat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian  hukum  normatif  dengan pendekatan statute approach dan conceptual approach serta menganalisis dengan cara deduksi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peraturan daerah tersebut menghalangi hak ekonomi pedagang makanan dalam melaksanakan hak meningkatkan taraf  hidupnya. Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 15 Tahun  2019 Tentang  Perubahan  Atas  Undang-Undang  Nomor  12  Tahun  2011  tentang  Pembentukan  Peraturan  Perundang-Undangan, pasal 6 ayat (1) menyatakan bahwa salah satu materi muatan Peraturan Perundang-undangan harus mencerminkan asas kemanusiaan, yaitu setiap Materi Muatan Peraturan Perundang-undangan harus mencerminkan pelindungan dan penghormatan hak asasi manusia serta harkat dan martabat setiap warga negara dan penduduk Indonesia secara proporsional. Apabila didapati peraturan perundang-undnagan yang tidak mencerminkan hak asasi manusia, maka perlu dilakukan peninjauan kembali terhadap peraturan tersebut. Kata kunci: hak asasi manusia, peraturan daera

TINJUAN YURIDIS PENERAPAN LARANGAN BERDASARKAN PERATURAN DAERAH KOTA SERANG NOMOR 2 TAHUN 2010 TENTANG PENCEGAHAN, PEMBERANTASAN DAN PENANGGULANGAN PENYAKIT MASYARAKAT

Abstract—Human rights are a set of rights that are inherent in the nature and existence of humans as creatures of God Almighty and are His gifts that must be respected, upheld and protected by the state, law, government and everyone for the sa ke of honor and protection of human dignity. as stated in Article 1 point 1 of Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights. Human rights cover a wide range of rights, such as civil rights, political rights, economic rights and socio-cultural rights. Human rights must be protected by everyone, the law, the state and the government. So in carrying out all its authority, the government must pay attention to human rights because it has become its responsibility to promote, uphold, and protect human rights. The government has the authority to form regulations, but not a few of the policies formed miss an important element, namely human rights. This journal specifically discusses matters related to economic rights contained in the regional regulation of Serang No. 2 of 2010 concerning Prevention, Eradication and Management of Community Diseases. The research method used is normative legal research using the statute approach and conceptual approach and analyzing by deduction. The results of this study indicate that the regional regulations impede the economic rights of food vendors in exercising their rights to improve their standard of living. Based on Law Number 15 of 2019 Concerning Amendments to Law Number 12 of 2011 concerning Formation of Legislation, article 6 paragraph (1) states that one of the contents of Legislative Regulations must reflect the principle of humanity, that is, e very Content Material Laws and regulations must reflect the protection and respect for human rights and the dignity of every citizen and resident of Indonesia in a proportionate manner. If laws and regulations are found that do not reflect human rights, it i s necessary to review these regulations. Keywords: human rihts, local government regulation   Abstrak—Hak Asasi Manusia adalah seperangkat hak yang melekat pada hakikat dan keberadaan manusia sebagai makhluk Tuhan Yang Maha Esa dan merupakan anugerah-Nya yang wajib dihormati, dijunjung tinggi dan dilindungi oleh negara, hukum, Pemerintah, dan setiap orang demi kehormatan seta perlindungan harkat dan martabat manusia sebagaimana dikatakan dalam Pasal 1 angka 1 Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia. Hak asasi manusia melingkupi berbagai macam seperti hak sipil, hak politik, hak ekonomi dan hak sosial budaya. Hak asasi manusia harus dilindungi setiap orang, hukum, negara maupun pemerintah. Maka dalam menjalankan segala kewenangannya, pemerintah harus memperhatikan hak asasi manusia karena telah menjadi tanggung jawabnya untuk memajukan, menegakkan, serta melindungi hak asasi manusia. Pemerintah memiliki kewenangan membentuk peraturan, akan tetapi tidak sedikit dari kebijakan yang dibentuk melewatkan unsur penting yakni hak asasi manusia. Dalam jurnal ini membahas khusus hal terkait hak ekonomi yang terdapat pada peraturan daerah Kota Serang No. 2 Tahun 2010 Tentang Pencegahan, Pemberantasan Dan Penanggulangan Penyakit Masyarakat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian  hukum  normatif  dengan pendekatan statute approach dan conceptual approach serta menganalisis dengan cara deduksi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peraturan daerah tersebut menghalangi hak ekonomi pedagang makanan dalam melaksanakan hak meningkatkan taraf  hidupnya. Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 15 Tahun  2019 Tentang  Perubahan  Atas  Undang-Undang  Nomor  12  Tahun  2011  tentang  Pembentukan  Peraturan  Perundang-Undangan, pasal 6 ayat (1) menyatakan bahwa salah satu materi muatan Peraturan Perundang-undangan harus mencerminkan asas kemanusiaan, yaitu setiap Materi Muatan Peraturan Perundang-undangan harus mencerminkan pelindungan dan penghormatan hak asasi manusia serta harkat dan martabat setiap warga negara dan penduduk Indonesia secara proporsional. Apabila didapati peraturan perundang-undnagan yang tidak mencerminkan hak asasi manusia, maka perlu dilakukan peninjauan kembali terhadap peraturan tersebut. Kata kunci: hak asasi manusia, peraturan daera

Basal cell carcinoma with intravascular invasion

Summary: We report the case of a 59-year-old Caucasian male with a primary infiltrative basal cell carcinoma (BCC) with vascular invasion on the right temple. An excision biopsy was taken and histology confirmed a BCC, 2.5mm thick, invading into the reticular dermis. The patient underwent a scar excision which demonstrated no further malignancy. The patient showed no clinical signs of recurrence 2 years after diagnosis. Relevance: BCC is the most common human malignancy and its incidence is increasing. Less than 1% of BCCs metastasize and very few cases of intravascular invasion by a primary BCC have been reported. This report discusses the clinical features of a BCC, the population at risk and summarises all known cases of BCC with vascular invasion in the literature. Take Home Messages: Due to the rarity of BCC with vascular invasion, there is a poor understanding of the disease process and the metastatic potential, resulting in uncertainty for clinician and patient regarding appropriate management

Acute Mechanical Stress in Primary Porcine RPE Cells Induces Angiogenic Factor Expression and In Vitro Angiogenesis

Background Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a major cause of blindness in patients with age-related macular degeneration. CNV is characterized by new blood vessel growth and subretinal fluid accumulation, which results in mechanical pressure on retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. The overexpression of RPE-derived angiogenic factors plays an important role in inducing CNV. In this work, we investigated the effect of mechanical stress on the expression of angiogenic factors in porcine RPE cells and determined the impact of conditioned medium on in-vitro angiogenesis. Results The goal of this study was to determine whether low levels of acute mechanical stress during early CNV can induce the expression of angiogenic factors in RPE cells and accelerate angiogenesis. Using a novel device, acute mechanical stress was applied to primary porcine RPE cells and the resulting changes in the expression of major angiogenic factors, VEGF, ANG2, HIF-1α, IL6, IL8 and TNF-α, were examined using immunocytochemistry, qRT-PCR, and ELISA. An in vitro tube formation assay was used to determine the effect of secreted angiogenic proteins due to mechanical stress on endothelial tube formation by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Our results showed an increase in the expression of VEGF, ANG2, IL-6 and IL-8 in response to mechanical stress, resulting in increased in vitro angiogenesis. Abnormal epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in RPE cells is also associated with CNV and further retinal degeneration. Our qRT-PCR results verified an increase in the expression of EMT genes, CDH2, VIM and FN1, in RPE cells. Conclusions In conclusion, we showed that acute mechanical stress induces the expression of major angiogenic and EMT factors and promotes in vitro angiogenesis, suggesting that mechanical stress plays a role in promoting aberrant angiogenesis in AMD