Maternal supplementation with avocado (persea americana mill.) pulp and oil alters reflex maturation, physical development, and offspring memory in rats

Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is an oleaginous fruit source of fatty acids with high levels of neuroprotective phytocomplexes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the development of reflex and somatic maturation, fatty acid profiles in the brain, and memory in different stages of life in the offspring of dams supplemented with avocado pulp and oil during gestation and lactation. The dams were randomly divided into three groups (n = 15 pups/group), and recieved by gavage supplementation: control group (CG)-distilled water; Avocado Oil (AO)-3,000 mg avocado oil/kg animal weight, and Avocado Pulp (AP)-3,000 mg avocado pulp/kg animal weight. We performed the following tests: Analysis of Somatic Development and Ontogeny of Postnatal Reflex (T0 to T21), the Open Field Habituation Test and the Object Recognition Test (ORT) in the adolescent (T45) and adult (190) phases. The cerebral fatty acids content was evaluated at times T0, T21, T45, and T90. The results were analyzed using the statistical program GraphPad Prism and significant statistics were considered when p < 0.05. Acceleration of reflex maturation and reflex ontogeny was observed in the offspring of AO and AP fed dams, with the results being more pronounced in the pulp fed group (p < 0.05). All groups presented a decrease in the ambulation parameter in the second exposure to the Open Field Habituation Test, at T45 and 190 (p < 0.05). In the ORT, the AO and AP offspring presented memory improvements in the short and long term in the adult and adolescent phases (p < 0.05). The results of the brain fatty acid profiles presented higher polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content in the AO and AP groups at T21, T45, and 190. The docosahexaenoic fatty acid (DHA) content was higher at T21 (AO and AP), at T45 (AO and AP), and at T90 (AP) (p < 0.05). The arachidonic acid (ARA) content was higher at T45 (AO and AP), and at T90 (AO) (p < 0.05). Maternal supplementation with avocado oil and pulp anticipates reflex maturation and somatic postnatal development, and improves memory during the adolescent and adult phases.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Avaliação do uso de produtos dietéticos e conhecimento dos rótulos nutricionais dos adultos diabéticos / Assessment of dietary product use and knowledge of nutrition labels among diabetic adults

A alimentação adequada e equilibrada em calorias e nutrientes destaca-se como um dos princípios fundamentais para se obter um bom controle metabólico do paciente diabético, sendo essencial para a prevenção de complicações provenientes da doença. Visando isso, os alimentos diet’s e light’s foram desenvolvidos para fins específicos, que se caracterizam, respectivamente, pela retirada ou redução de algum nutriente na sua formulação, com o intuito de aprimorar a qualidade e proporcionar possibilidades para consumo de alguns alimentos adequados à indivíduos que possuem alguma restrição. Além disso, os rótulos dos alimentos contêm informações nutricionais que podem influenciar nas escolhas alimentares. Com isso, o estudo buscou avaliar o nível de informação entre indivíduos adultos que possuem diabetes acerca de sua condição patológica, uso de produtos dietéticos e conhecimento nutricional sobre dados contidos nos rótulos de alimentos. Avaliaram-se dados socioeconômicos, patológicos, dietéticos, orientação profissional, meios de informação e uso de alimentos dietéticos. Os dados foram analisados foram expressos em média, desvio padrão e frequência absoluta e porcentagem. Foram avaliados 71 adultos diabéticos, e, após a análise dos dados constatou que, em sua maioria (53,52%), possuem hábito de leitura dos rótulos alimentares, bem como grande parte dos entrevistados (69,01%) faz uso de adoçante e consumo de alimentos diet e light (54,93%). Além disso, a maioria dos diabéticos entrevistados reconhecem a importância dos alimentos diet no tratamento da diabetes mellitus (50,70%)

Maternal Supplementation With Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) Pulp and Oil Alters Reflex Maturation, Physical Development, and Offspring Memory in Rats

Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is an oleaginous fruit source of fatty acids with high levels of neuroprotective phytocomplexes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the development of reflex and somatic maturation, fatty acid profiles in the brain, and memory in different stages of life in the offspring of dams supplemented with avocado pulp and oil during gestation and lactation. The dams were randomly divided into three groups (n = 15 pups/group), and recieved by gavage supplementation: control group (CG)–distilled water; Avocado Oil (AO)−3,000 mg avocado oil/kg animal weight, and Avocado Pulp (AP)−3,000 mg avocado pulp/kg animal weight. We performed the following tests: Analysis of Somatic Development and Ontogeny of Postnatal Reflex (T0 to T21), the Open Field Habituation Test and the Object Recognition Test (ORT) in the adolescent (T45) and adult (T90) phases. The cerebral fatty acids content was evaluated at times T0, T21, T45, and T90. The results were analyzed using the statistical program GraphPad Prism and significant statistics were considered when p &lt; 0.05. Acceleration of reflex maturation and reflex ontogeny was observed in the offspring of AO and AP fed dams, with the results being more pronounced in the pulp fed group (p &lt; 0.05). All groups presented a decrease in the ambulation parameter in the second exposure to the Open Field Habituation Test, at T45 and T90 (p &lt; 0.05). In the ORT, the AO and AP offspring presented memory improvements in the short and long term in the adult and adolescent phases (p &lt; 0.05). The results of the brain fatty acid profiles presented higher polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content in the AO and AP groups at T21, T45, and T90. The docosahexaenoic fatty acid (DHA) content was higher at T21 (AO and AP), at T45 (AO and AP), and at T90 (AP) (p &lt; 0.05). The arachidonic acid (ARA) content was higher at T45 (AO and AP), and at T90 (AO) (p &lt; 0.05). Maternal supplementation with avocado oil and pulp anticipates reflex maturation and somatic postnatal development, and improves memory during the adolescent and adult phases

PERFIL SOCIODEMOGRÁFICO E NUTRICIONAL DE USUÁRIOS IDOSOS DO CONSULTÓRIO DE NUTRIÇÃO DA UNIJUÍ, IJUÍ/RS

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar o perfil sociodemográfico e nutricional dos usuários idosos do Consultório de Nutrição da Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Unijuí. O estudo contemplou um total de 60 idosos, sendo 66,7% do gênero feminino e 33,3% do masculino, com uma média de 68,5 ± 8,1 e 70,4 ± 8,5 anos respectivamente. A média do índice de massa corporal obtida para o gênero feminino foi 28,5 ± 8,0 kg/m² e para o masculino foi 27,6 ± 8,1 kg/m², com predomínio de sobrepeso em ambos os gêneros. O perímetro abdominal apresentou-se elevado e na composição corporal, os idosos, independentemente do gênero, apresentaram gordura corporal acima, indicando risco metabólico, e massa corporal magra abaixo da recomendação