104 research outputs found
Transforming activities of Chlamydia pneumoniae in human mesothelial cells
Knowledge in viral oncology has made considerable progress in the field of cancer fight. However, the role of bacteria as mediators of oncogenesis has not yet been elucidated. As cancer still is the leading cause of death in developed countries, understanding the long-term effects of bacteria has become of great importance as a possible means of cancer prevention. This study reports that Chlamydia pneumoniae infection induce transformation of human mesothelial cells. Mes1 cells infected with C. pneumoniae at a multiplicity of infection of 4 inclusion-forming units/cell showed many intracellular inclusion bodies. After a 7-day infection an increased proliferative activity was also observed. Real-time PCR analysis revealed a strong induction of calretinin, Wilms’ tumour gene 1, osteopontin, matrix metalloproteinases-2, and membrane-type 1 metalloproteinases gene expression in Mes1 cell, infected for a longer period (14 days). The results were confirmed by western blot analysis. Zymography analysis showed that C. pneumoniae modulated the in-vitro secretion of MMP-2 in Mes1 cells both at 7 and 14 days. Cell invasion, as measured by matrigel-coated filter, increased after 7 and 14 days infection with C. pneumoniae, compared with uninfected Mes1 cells. The results of this study suggest that C. pneumoniae infection might support cellular transformation, thus increasing lung cancer risk. [Int Microbiol 2014; 17(4):185-193]Keywords: Chlamydia pneumoniae · cytotoxicity · human mesothelial cells · cellular transformation · tumoral marker
Gut Microbiota Features in Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders
Proliferation and/or depletion of clusters of specific bacteria regulate intestinal functions and may interfere with neuro-immune communication and behavior in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Consistently, qualitative and quantitative alteration of bacterial metabolites may functionally affect ASD pathophysiology. Up to date, age-restricted cohort studies, that may potentially help to identify specific microbial signatures in ASD, are lacking. We investigated the gut microbiota (GM) structure and fecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels in a cohort of young children (2–4 years of age) with ASD, with respect to age-matched neurotypical healthy controls. Strong increase of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria and decrease of Actinobacteria was observed in these patients. Among the 91 OTUs whose relative abundance was altered in ASD patients, we observed a striking depletion of Bifidobacterium longum, one of the dominant bacteria in infant GM and, conversely, an increase of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, a late colonizer of healthy human gut and a major butyrate producer. High levels of F. prausnitzii were associated to increase of fecal butyrate levels within normal range, and over representation of KEGG functions related to butyrate production in ASD patients. Here we report unbalance of GM structure with a shift in colonization by gut beneficial bacterial species in ASD patients as off early childhood
Corrigendum: Gut Microbiota Features in Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03146.]
3-O-methylfunicone, from Penicillium pinophilum, is a selective inhibitor of breast cancer stem cells
Cell injury and cell death
Many physicians and patients do not believe that dermatology involves life-threatening
situations; however, there are many emergencies that the dermatologist
needs to address, and many cutaneous diseases in the emergency room that require
rapid dermatologic consultation. The dermatologist is frequently the first physician
to examine such patients before a hospital admission and also the first to identify a
critical situation, stabilize the patient, and choose urgent and appropriate intervention.
The first chapters of this book are directed toward those dermatologists who
care for hospitalized patients with severe and dangerous skin diseases. Later chapters
are intended for all physicians, including dermatologists, who wish to hone their
diagnostic skills, expand their knowledge and understanding of pathologic events,
and learn treatment options available for acute life-threatening skin diseases. This
book brings together top dermatologists from around the world to address the complicated
and multifaceted field of dermatologic emergencies for both the practicing
dermatologist and emergency physician.
The second edition provides information and concepts that have appeared since
the initial publication of Emergency Dermatology. New illustrations have been added,
and significant references have been updated
EARLY VITRONECTIN RECEPTOR DOWN-REGULATION IN THE MELANOMA CELL LINE DURING RETINOID-INDUCED APOPTOSIS
ANTITUMOR EXTROLITES PRODUCED BY PENICILLIUM SPECIES
Biodiversity is increasingly exploited worldwide for the finding of new pharmaceuticals. In relation to a competitive aptitude developed
in many and diverse environments, microorganisms are able to produce secondary metabolites with cytotoxic and antiproliferative
properties that are valuable in the perspective of antitumor drug discovery. Particularly, fungal species in the genus Penicillium represent a
prolific source of biologically active extrolites that in some cases have already disclosed possible relevance for an application in cancer
chemotherapy. Antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-angiogenic, anti-metastatic, DNA synthesis and cell cycle inhibitory properties of
these compounds are reviewed in the present paper
EFFETTO DI UNA NUOVA FORMULAZIONE TOPICA DELL’AMIKACINA SUL RILASCIO DI CITOCHINE E FATTORI DI CRESCITA DA FIBROBLASTI DERMICI E MONOCITI UMANI
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