Cianogênese e estabelecimento do secamento de painel de sangria em seringueira

The objective of this work was to study the influence of cyanogenesis on the onset of irreversible tapping panel dryness (TPD) and the physiological and histological aspects of secondary phloem in the trunk (tapping panel) of rubber trees (Hevea spp.). Two cyanogenic compounds, linamarin and KCN, were applied separately on the trunk bark of healthy mature trees belonging to two Brazilian clones (Fx 4098 and Fx 3899). Changes in histology, latex pressure potential (ΨP) and cyanogenic potential (HCNP) were followed in the trunk inner barks. In addition, the HCNp levels were determined in TPD-affected plants of both clones. The applications of linamarin or KCN in healthy plants decreased latex ΨP, and formed tylosoids associated with in situ coagulation of latex. The clone Fx 4098 had the higher HCNp and showed the quicker and stronger responses to the cyanogenic compounds. Plants with TPD syntoms had a higher HCNp than the untreated healthy ones. Since histological changes are also structural markers of early TPD, it can be inferred that excessive release of cyanide can induce it in sensitive rubber clones.O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a influência da cianogênese no estabelecimento do secamento do painel de sangria (TPD) e os aspectos fisiológicos e histológicos do floema secundário do tronco (painel de sangria) em seringueira (Hevea spp.). Dois compostos cianogênicos, linamarina e KCN, foram aplicados separadamente na casca do tronco de árvores sadias de dois clones adultos (Fx 4098 e Fx 3899). Alterações na histologia, potencial de pressão de látex (ΨP) e potencial cianogênico (HCNp) foram monitoradas. Além disso, os níveis HCNp foram determinados em plantas afetadas por TPD, em ambos os clones. A aplicação de linamarina ou KCN em plantas saudáveis causou redução em ΨP e formação de tilosoides associados à coagulação do látex in situ. O clone Fx 4098 apresentou o maior nível de HCNp, e respostas mais intensas e rápidas aos compostos cianogênicos. Plantas com sintomas de TPD têm maior HCNp de que as sadias. Como as alterações histológicas observadas são reconhecidos marcadores estruturais precoces de TPD, pode-se inferir que a liberação excessiva de cianeto pode induzi-las em clones de seringueira sucetíveis

Isolation and Characterization of a New Peroxiredoxin from Poplar Sieve Tubes That Uses Either Glutaredoxin or Thioredoxin as a Proton Donor

A sequence coding for a peroxiredoxin (Prx) was isolated from a xylem/phloem cDNA library from Populus trichocarpa and subsequently inserted into an expression plasmid yielding the construction pET-Prx. The recombinant protein was produced in Escherichia coli cells and purified to homogeneity with a high yield. The poplar Prx is composed of 162 residues, a property that makes it the shortest plant Prx sequence isolated so far. It was shown that the protein is monomeric and possesses two conserved cysteines (Cys). The Prx degrades hydrogen peroxide and alkyl hydroperoxides in the presence of an exogenous proton donor that can be either thioredoxin or glutaredoxin (Grx). Based on this finding, we propose that the poplar protein represents a new type of Prx that differs from the so-called 2-Cys and 1-Cys Prx, a suggestion supported by the existence of natural fusion sequences constituted of a Prx motif coupled to a Grx motif. The protein was shown to be highly expressed in sieve tubes where thioredoxin h and Grx are also major proteins