Verbalizing the Conceptual Opposition of “Us vs Them” in Proverbs: Comparative Paremias in Swedish and Russian

The paper highlights correlation of mental structures and their linguistic content in the comparative proverbs in Swedish and Russian that verbalize the opposition of "us vs them". The study was carried out using a cognitive-and-comparative approach as part of linguistic study of the relationship between language and culture, authoritative dictionaries of Swedish and Russian proverbs provided material for the analysis. A cognitive modeling of the units was carried out, which implied stating the structural-and-semantic models of Swedish and Russian proverbs, their identification and comparison. The study found that both Swedish and Russian proverbs, which express the opposition of "us vs them", have a common basic concept with a frame pattern associated with it. However, differences in the conceptual foundations of comparative proverbs in the Swedish and Russian languages derive from the discrepency between conceptual constituency of their domains that are reflected in the proverbs. Thus, Swedish proverbs verbalize the concept of "House" with the domain "Space", whereas Russian units convey the concept "Person" by the domain "Interpersonal relations". The Swedish proverbs are noted to be more categorical and didactic than the Russian proverbs. The study findings can be used in the analysis of similarities and differences in the traditional mentality of Swedes and Russians, as reflected in proverbs related to various fragments of the world

“Vaccine Nationalism” As a Great Power Competition: Analysis from the Standpoint of the Securitization Theory

Introduction. State leaders and heads of international organizations argue that COVID-19 is a global security threat that requires international responses. However, to date, there is no stable international cooperation regime in the field of counteracting the virus, primarily at the level of vaccine development. Moreover, countries are competing in this area, considering primacy in the creation of a COVID-19vaccine not only as a step towards the fight against the virus, but as a tool to strengthen their international positions and increase international prestige and “soft power”. Methods and materials. The authors investigate the problem from the standpoint of the securitization theory, according to which national and international security threats are formed by political actors as speech acts and discursive practices. Analisys. From the standpoint of this theory, despite the fact that the COVID-19 pandemic is securitized at the national level in many countries, at the global level, this securitization discourse about COID-19 discourse is embedded in a broader macrosecuritization framework, which assumes that the dominant threats are associated with the confrontation of great powers. Results. The consequence of this is the legitimization of the policy of “vaccine nationalism” and the lack of international cooperation in the field of vaccine productio

Initial database creation for scientific and technical solutions efficiency assessment based on artificial intelligence approach

This paper is devoted to the problems and features of database creation in intelligent systems for assessing the efficiency of scientific and technical solutions. The system data model developed by the authors and the principles of its operation are described. This paper also considers the process of training sampling and the analysis of various teaching methods for solving the presented problem. The implementation of the developed model is made using mathematical modeling. The initial data was the data of applications for grants in the field of technical sciences related to the fuel and energy complex

Symbolic Test Selection Based on Approximate Analysis

International audienceThis paper addresses the problem of generating symbolic test cases for testing the conformance of a black-box implementation with respect to a specification, in the context of reactive systems. The challenge we consider is the selection of test cases according to a test purpose, which is here a set of scenarii of interest that one wants to observe during test execution. Because of the interactions that occur between the test case and the implementation, test execution can be seen as a game involving two players, in which the test case attempts to satisfy the test purpose. Efficient solutions to this problem have been proposed in the context of finite-state models, based on the use of fixpoint computations. We extend them in the context of infinite-state symbolic models, by showing how approximate fixpoint computations can be used in a conservative way. The second contribution we provide is the formalization of a quality criterium for test cases, and a result relating the quality of a generated test case to the approximations used in the selection algorithm

Information Society Development in the Customs Union Countries: Legal Framework

The authors selected comparative analysis to study Information society development covering the Customs Union countries, where integration is rapidly developing (Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russian Federation). The authors have developed a set of parameters for comparing the laws on Information society. The comparison was performed on the priorities as well as terms, goals, and bodies in charge of information society development. The similarities and differences in Information Society legislation of these countries were highlighted. Analysis of implementation of the legislation is based on the comparison of countries positions in global rankings developed by international organizations, as well as open results of intra-governmental audit, and media publications analysis