Meiosis at Microsporogenesis in Siberian Fir (Abies sibirica Ledeb.) in Natural Populations and in an Arboretum

Meiosis in Siberian fir is characterized by asynchrony (prophase I and tetrads in the same microsporangium simultaneously). Up to 4 nucleoli (in natural stands) and 5 (in an arboretum) are observed at prophase I. The shortest meiotic stages are telophase 1 and 2. Each of them is observed in 0.2% (in an arboretum) and 0.05% (in natural stands) of cells. In natural stands meiosis elapses quickly (within 2 days). In an arboretum it can continue for more than two weeks. Mainly meiosis is regular. Meiotic irregularities are, though, also encountered at different stages (fragments, bridges, etc.). In trees growing in an arboretum the total number of irregular cells can reach 17.9%. In natural populations only 11.7-13.3% of cells are irregular. The spectrum of meiotic irregularities in an arboretum is wider than in natural stands.Research materia

Population Mobility of Animal and Plant B-Chromosomes in Regions Subject to Technogenic Impact

Представлены исследования изменения числа и морфологии В-хромосом мышей Apodemus peninsulae и ели Picea obovata в популяциях Сибири, подверженных техногенному воздействию. В Красноярском крае впервые обнаружена уникальная популяция мышей A. peninsulae с множеством микро-В-хромосом (12-30). Эта популяция мышей обитает на левобережье реки Енисей в 85 км ниже по ее течению от г. Железногорска, где расположен Горно-химический комбинат с его ядерно-химическим производством. В популяции мышей Apodemus peninsulae Горного Алтая за 28-х летний период исследований (1980-2008 гг.) обнаружено трехкратное увеличение числа В-хромосом (от 2,3 до 7,1). Регион Горного Алтая является местом падения вторых ступеней ракет, запускаемых с космодрома Байконур. Показано, что у Picea obovata частота встречаемости В-хромосом в городских насаждениях крупного промышленного центра (г. Красноярск) выше, чем в естественных природных популяциях этого вида. Обсуждается влияние техногенных факторов на ускорение эволюционных процессов.The paper presents the studies on changes in number and morphology of B-chromosomes of field Apodemus peninsulae and spruce Picea obovata in Siberian populations subjected technogenic impact. For the first time the unique population of mouse Apodemus peninsulae which had numerous micro- B-chromosomes (12-30), was found in Krasnoyark region. The mouse population inhabits a site at the left bank of the Yenisey river in 85 km downstream of the town of Zheleznogorsk where the Mining and Chemical Combine with chemonuclear complex is situated. The population of A. peninsulae from Gorny Altai showed threefold increase in number of B-chromosomes, from 2,3 to 7,1, during 28-year (1980-2008) studied period. The region of Gornyi Altai is the area where details of rockets launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome fall down. It was shown that the frequency of B-chromosomes of the Siberian spruce Picea obovata is higher in urban plantations (Krasnoyarsk city) than in its native populations. The effect of technogenic factors on acceleration of evolutionary processes is being discussed

IMPROVING OF MANAGEMENT PROCESSES OF HIGHLY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL TRAINING AT A REGIONAL UNIVERSITY

The paper analyzes the impact of reforming of the system of training and certification of highly qualified personnel on the organization of postgraduate school and dissertation councils at the regional universities. The results of the SWOT-analysis of postgraduate training and certification processes at the regional university are shown. The article presents the main activities and projects aimed at using the advantages and strong points of the university in order to improve the quality of postgraduate training. The paper explores the mechanisms of organizational, methodological and infrastructural support for research and innovation activities of postgraduate students and young scientists. There are also suggested the approaches to organization of networking between universities for training and certification of highly qualified personnel. The authors define the role of specific structural units of the Department of Science in management of scientific personnel training and establishment of a competitive university sector in the sphere of research and development

Population Mobility of Animal and Plant B-Chromosomes in Regions Subject to Technogenic Impact

Представлены исследования изменения числа и морфологии В-хромосом мышей Apodemus peninsulae и ели Picea obovata в популяциях Сибири, подверженных техногенному воздействию. В Красноярском крае впервые обнаружена уникальная популяция мышей A. peninsulae с множеством микро-В-хромосом (12-30). Эта популяция мышей обитает на левобережье реки Енисей в 85 км ниже по ее течению от г. Железногорска, где расположен Горно-химический комбинат с его ядерно-химическим производством. В популяции мышей Apodemus peninsulae Горного Алтая за 28-х летний период исследований (1980-2008 гг.) обнаружено трехкратное увеличение числа В-хромосом (от 2,3 до 7,1). Регион Горного Алтая является местом падения вторых ступеней ракет, запускаемых с космодрома Байконур. Показано, что у Picea obovata частота встречаемости В-хромосом в городских насаждениях крупного промышленного центра (г. Красноярск) выше, чем в естественных природных популяциях этого вида. Обсуждается влияние техногенных факторов на ускорение эволюционных процессов.The paper presents the studies on changes in number and morphology of B-chromosomes of field Apodemus peninsulae and spruce Picea obovata in Siberian populations subjected technogenic impact. For the first time the unique population of mouse Apodemus peninsulae which had numerous micro- B-chromosomes (12-30), was found in Krasnoyark region. The mouse population inhabits a site at the left bank of the Yenisey river in 85 km downstream of the town of Zheleznogorsk where the Mining and Chemical Combine with chemonuclear complex is situated. The population of A. peninsulae from Gorny Altai showed threefold increase in number of B-chromosomes, from 2,3 to 7,1, during 28-year (1980-2008) studied period. The region of Gornyi Altai is the area where details of rockets launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome fall down. It was shown that the frequency of B-chromosomes of the Siberian spruce Picea obovata is higher in urban plantations (Krasnoyarsk city) than in its native populations. The effect of technogenic factors on acceleration of evolutionary processes is being discussed

The Karyological Rewiev of Gymnosperms on the Base of Database of the Chromosome Numbers

Выполнен обзор по кариологии современных голосеменных растений с использованием базы данных «Хромосомные числа голосеменных растений». Представлена сводная информация обо всех известных числах хромосом голосеменных. Дана оценка степени изученности и приведена краткая информация об особенностях кариотипов различных систематических групп голосеменных растений.A review on karyology of modern gymnosperms with the use of database «Chromosomе numbers of gymnosperms» is done. At present the database includes information on 1036 species, 85 genera, 15 families, 10 orders and 4 classes of gymnosperms. Information on all known numbers of chromosomes is presented for each taxon. It is found that the number of chromosomes of gymnosperms is unknown for half of species. The brief information on the features of chromosome morphology for different systematic groups of gymnosperms is given. It is revealed that the morphology of chromosomes is known in 30 % species gymnosperms only

The Karyological Rewiev of Gymnosperms on the Base of Database of the Chromosome Numbers

Выполнен обзор по кариологии современных голосеменных растений с использованием базы данных «Хромосомные числа голосеменных растений». Представлена сводная информация обо всех известных числах хромосом голосеменных. Дана оценка степени изученности и приведена краткая информация об особенностях кариотипов различных систематических групп голосеменных растений.A review on karyology of modern gymnosperms with the use of database «Chromosomе numbers of gymnosperms» is done. At present the database includes information on 1036 species, 85 genera, 15 families, 10 orders and 4 classes of gymnosperms. Information on all known numbers of chromosomes is presented for each taxon. It is found that the number of chromosomes of gymnosperms is unknown for half of species. The brief information on the features of chromosome morphology for different systematic groups of gymnosperms is given. It is revealed that the morphology of chromosomes is known in 30 % species gymnosperms only