EAHIL Workshop: "Active Learning and Research Partners in health". Istanbul, Turkey, July 05-08, 2011

Med økonomisk støtte fra bl.a. SMH kunne tre bibliotekarer, Elena Ganina og Larissa Zhmykhova, fra MAPS, St. Petersburg og Lyubov Mezentseva fra Universitetet i Petrozavodsk delta på EAHIL-workshop i Istanbul i 2011. De har levert korte reiserapporter og oppsummert sine inntrykk fra workshop'e

The role of resuscitation promoting factors in pathogenesis and reactivation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis during intra-peritoneal infection in mice

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Mycobacterium tuberculosis </it>can enter into a dormant state which has resulted in one third of the world's population being infected with latent tuberculosis making the study of latency and reactivation of utmost importance. <it>M. tuberculosis </it>encodes five resuscitation promoting factors (Rpfs) that bear strong similarity to a lysozyme-like enzyme previously implicated in reactivation of dormant bacteria <it>in vitro</it>.</p> <p>We have developed an intraperitoneal infection model in mice, with immune modulation, that models chronic infection with similar properties in mouse lungs as those observed in the murine aerosol infection model. We have assessed the behavior of mutants that lack two or three <it>rpf </it>genes in different combinations in our intraperitoneal model.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>C57Bl/6 mice were intraperitonealy infected with H37Rv wild type <it>M. tuberculosis </it>or mutant strains that lacked two or three <it>rpf </it>genes in different combinations. After 90 days of infection aminoguanidine (AG) or anti-TNFα antibodies were administrated. Organ bacillary loads were determined at various intervals post infection by plating serial dilutions of organ homogenates and enumerating bacteria.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We found that the <it>rpf </it>triple and double mutants tested were attenuated in their ability to disseminate to mouse lungs after intraperitoneal administration and were defective in their ability to re-grow after immunosuppression induced by administration of aminoguanidine and anti-TNFα antibodies.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Rpf proteins may have a significant physiological role for development of chronic TB infection and its reactivation <it>in vivo</it>.</p

Species composition of Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) in Vaya Lake, Bulgaria

During a long-term study (2003-2007) of the chironomids in Vaya Lake 27 taxons were established. There were determined 18 species belonged to 11 genera. These results were compared to the only ones so far provided by Zashev and Angelov 1958. There is a complete change in the species composition of the Chironomidae compared with the results obtained in the period 1953-1957, which is mainly related to the increased anthropogenic impact on the lake and the changed connection with the Black Sea

Internationalization of the foreign language curriculum during the COVID-19 pandemic

The current reality has challenged higher education globally. With border closure and distancing, provoked by the COVID-19 pandemic, the paradigm of internationalization in higher education has considerably altered the way and scale of incorporating intercultural and international components into the academic agenda. The curriculum of the foreign language field at non-linguistic higher education institutions has always been positioned distinctively apart within the context of internationalization. This study is focused on the key changes that the internationalization of educational programs for foreign languages has undergone in the COVID-19 and post-pandemic periods. The paper analyzes and systematizes scientific works on internationalization, and also uses a comparative-analytical method to describe approaches to implement the internationalization of language programs. As a result of the study, the key characteristics of the internationalization of higher education in the pre-COVID, COVID, and post-COVID situations are summarized. The pre-COVID opposition of physical mobility vs internalization at home has been smoothed out by virtual format in the COVID period. In the post-COVID era, the changes have resulted in greater flexibility and diversity in teaching, learning, professional collaboration, and development through and/or physical, virtual, online, and/or digital delivery, hybrid forms of introducing an international and intercultural component into programs; reduction of the duration of mobility programs in favor of their effectiveness

National, cultural and language specificities of Arab official speech style

The problems of building a dialogue of cultures with Arab interlocutors are investigated in the paper; there are practical recommendations for its successful solution. Special attention is paid to the study of national and cultural characteristics of representatives of Arab society, and factors that make influence on the establishment and development partner relations with Arabs. The basic moral values, cultural, national, linguistics norms are briefly formulated in the article. Knowledge of that contributes to the successful conduct of intercultural communication at the “East-West” level. In the Arab countries, the traditions and customs of business ethics and communication, in general, are predominantly developing and changing because of the openness of most countries of the world and the interaction in various spheres (economic, educational, cultural, military, political, etc.). Because of its specificity, Arab society can be described as a closed one. Further on we will present and analyze its characteristics and identify the main features of the Arab official and business style of speech. This requires business participants from all sides to have in-depth knowledge of national, socio-cultural, religious, historical, ethno-psychological peculiarities and possess these skills which can be put into practice when required

Immigration situation in Russia (2016–2020)

The article overviews the peculiarities of migration in the Russian Federation in the modern period and analyzes the situation faced by people with a migrant background in Russia. The study provides a detailed description of the regions that are popular among immigrants and the underlying reasons for their choices. The main directions of migration flows in Russia are studied (Moscow, Moscow Region, St. Petersburg, Leningrad Region, Krasnodar Region, Novosibirsk and Tyumen Regions); the reasons for the popularity of these regions among migrants are revealed. The goals of the arrival of foreign migrants in Russia, as well as the information about their level of education and age category, are presented. It was revealed that more than 80% of migrants who arrived in Russia were males of working age. The article also presents statistical data on refugees and stateless persons in Russia, as well as information on national diasporas organized in the territory of the Russian Federation

The role of resuscitation promoting factors in pathogenesis and reactivation of during intra-peritoneal infection in mice-2

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "The role of resuscitation promoting factors in pathogenesis and reactivation of during intra-peritoneal infection in mice"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/7/146</p><p>BMC Infectious Diseases 2007;7():146-146.</p><p>Published online 17 Dec 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2241625.</p><p></p>ials and Methods for details. Dotted lines represent the kinetics of infection with the wild type shown on Figure 1 for comparison

The role of resuscitation promoting factors in pathogenesis and reactivation of during intra-peritoneal infection in mice-4

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "The role of resuscitation promoting factors in pathogenesis and reactivation of during intra-peritoneal infection in mice"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/7/146</p><p>BMC Infectious Diseases 2007;7():146-146.</p><p>Published online 17 Dec 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2241625.</p><p></p> (AG) or anti-TNFα antibodies were administered. For details see Materials and Methods. Mice were sacrificed at several time points post infection and the organ bacillary loads were estimated by plating serial dilutions of spleen and lung homogenates (from 6 mice per time point) onto agar medium. Each infected group contained 60 mice. The curves shown represent the average of one experiment and each experiment was repeated at least two times

The role of resuscitation promoting factors in pathogenesis and reactivation of during intra-peritoneal infection in mice-5

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "The role of resuscitation promoting factors in pathogenesis and reactivation of during intra-peritoneal infection in mice"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/7/146</p><p>BMC Infectious Diseases 2007;7():146-146.</p><p>Published online 17 Dec 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2241625.</p><p></p