Temporal variability of heavy metal content in the atmosphere of Ketu- mile 12 area of Lagos - State, southwestern - Nigeria using moss plant Polytrichum juniperum as bioindicator

The concentrations of the five heavy metals; Zinc (Zn), Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel (Ni) and Copper (Cu) were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Results of the analysis, shows that the average concentration of the heavy metals at Ketu - Mile 12 were : Zn 7.175mg/L; Pb 1.288mg/l; Cu 0.531mg/l; Ni 0.223mg/l and Cd 0.021mg/l which reflects Zn 77.67; Pb 13.94; Cu 5.75; Ni 2.41 and Cd 0.22 % with the most abundant pollutant heavy metal being Zn in all the sites while the least abundant was Cd. It was found that the highest concentration of each heavy metals in all the sites were as follow; Zn 14.93mg/l - Alapere; Pb 1.720mg/l - Ketu garage; Cd 0.118mg/l - Mile 12 market; Ni 0.458mg/l - Mile 12 and Cu 0.956mg/I - Ketu garage while the least concentration of heavy metals in all the sites were as follows: Zn < 0.005mg/l, Pb < 0.001mg/l), Cd < 0.001mg/l and Cu 0.106mg/l - Oniru, Ni 0.108mg/ - Iyana school. The most polluted site was Ikosi road 4.441 mg/l while the least polluted was Iyana School 0.327mg/l. The sequence of bioaccumulation and distribution follows the pattern thus: Zn>Pb>Cu>Ni >Cd.Keywords: Bioaccumulation, Pollution, Spectrophotometer, Bioindicator, Anthropogenic, Concentration

Fire extinguishing strength of the combustion product of wood saw dust (ash)

Forty saw dust samples from four mature hard wood plants grown in southwestern part of Nigeria were analyzed for their ash contents, moisture contents, metallic contents and hence the fire extinguishing strength of the saw dust ash by classical and instrumental methods of analyses. Mahogany ( Khaya ivorensis ) wood saw dust ash had the highest mean metallic content (5.989\ub12.51ppm) followed by Opepe ( Sarcocephalus latifolius ), 4.704\ub10.21ppm while Poro poro (Sorghum bicolour) wood ash had the least metallic content (1.611\ub10.48ppm). Mahogany also had the highest mean moisture content (2.6615\ub10.64) while Opepe had the least moisture content (0.9362\ub10.45). The fire extinguishing strength of Mahogany was the highest, and had a positive correlation with its metallic content as depicted by their correlation coefficient (0.850). Poro poro had the least fire extinguishing strength. The comparison of the extinguishing strength of wood saw dust samples and the commonly used ABC fire extinguisher showed that ABC fire extinguisher has more extinguishing strength than the wood saw dust ash. Hence, improvement on the extinguishing strength of the saw dust ash is necessary

Data on anti-corrosion characteristics of eco-friendly inhibitive extract on the hot corrosion degradation trend of A6063 aluminum alloy in 1.0 M HCl solution

The study of Lasienthera africanum as corrosion inhibitor for A6063 grade aluminum alloy in 1.0 M HCl acid solution using weight loss method of corrosion study was investigated at 30 °C and 40 °C to check its degradation trend at high varying temperature application. The results revealed that L. africanum in 1.0 M acidic environment decreased the corrosion rate at various concentrations considered. Inhibitor efficiency (IE) as high as 98.7 and 94.9% both at 30 °C and 40 °C respectively, was observed. Keywords: Inhibitor efficiency, Temperature, HCl solution, Lasienthera africanu

Temporal variability of heavy metal content in the atmosphere of Mushin Area of Lagos - State, southwestern - Nigeria using Barbulaindica (Hook) spreng.var.indica as bioindicator

This research reports the results of some heavy metal content (Zn, Pb,Cd, Ni and Co) in Mushin area of Lagos - State using the moss plant Barbulaindica (Hook) spreng.var.indica as bioindicator. The samples of the Moss plant were collected randomly from September to November, 2016 at ten different locations at Mushin area between 2 to 2.5 metres high from unplastered buildings in Lagos state and analysed for their heavy metal contents as at the time of sampling. The samples were properly cleaned from all the debris then weighed and digested with a mixture of HN03 and H2O2 for 35 min. The concentrations of the five heavy metals were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Results of the analysis, shows that the average concentration of the heavy metals at Mushin are: Zn 23.477mg/l,53.9%; Pb 4.240mg/l,9.74%; Cd 0.195mg/l,0.45%; Ni 4.418mg/l, 10.15% and Co 11.191mg/l,25.71%. The most abundant pollutant heavy metal was Zn in all the sites while the least abundant was Cd. Levels of some of the heavy metals were present in concentrations greater than WHO (2001) threshold limiting values. The most polluted site is Olorunshogo 11.809mg/l while the least polluted is Shoremekun 1.2765mg/l. The sequence of bioaccumulation and distribution follows the pattern: Zn > Co > Ni > Pb > Cd. The concentrations of heavy metals obtained exceeded the recommended limits of the Federal Ministry of Environment (FME), European communities (EC) and United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) permissible level for heavy metals in the atmosphere which suggests that the study area is polluted with heavy metals. There is a significant high level of each heavy metal in the atmosphere of Mushin areas (Pvalue< 0.05).Keywords: Anthropogenic, bioaccumulation, bioindicator, concentrations, pollution, spectrophotomete

Levels of heavy metals, total hydrocarbon and organic carbon contents of sediments from Ikpoba (Edo) and Ethiope (Delta) Rivers of Nigeria

The sediment samples of River Ethiope and Ikpoba River were collected and extracted using n-hexane (BDH, England) and the resulting extracts were read at 460nm with a spectrophotometer. The heavy metal analysis was carried out by using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The organic carbon was determined by titrimetric method. The results show that the organic carbon contents were 0.53mg/kg (Ikpoba river) and 0.40mg/kg (Ethiope river). THC contents were 6.50mg/kg (Ikpoba river) and 42.10mg/kg (Ethiope river). The organic contents were very low in both river sediments. The low Organic contents could be attributed to the constant flow of the rivers. Generally, higher hydrocarbon concentrations are often recorded in stations that have oil formations than those without oil formations. Some of the results obtained for the heavy metals analysis were higher than the WHO standards. The THC analysis from Ikpoba river sediment was lower compared to WHO standards, while the THC in Ethiope river sediment was higher than the WHO standard. Overall, the parameters analysed were detected in both river sediments, but in varied concentrations.Keywords: Heavy metals, Total hydrocarbon, Organic carbo