Transformational leadership style and its role in promoting innovation: A Case study of three public hospitals in Egypt

This study investigates the transformational leadership style and its role in promoting employees\u27 innovation. The study uses a mixed method approach; quantitative and qualitative analysis. To confirm the outcomes of the collected and analyzed data, a qualitative research was conducted via in-depth and descriptive analysis of the proposed correlation. Survey and interview were conducted in three public hospitals located in Cairo, Mansoura and Damietta, Egypt. Findings of quantitative and qualitative analysis strongly supported the main question of the study that transformational leadership style has a relationship and a role in promoting employees\u27 level of innovation which was suggested in the adopted conceptual framework. Results confirmed that the three sub-questions of this research supported the main proposed question. Measures were found to be positively associated with the five proposed hypotheses and were proven to be effective on employees\u27 innovation with a correlation of some external factors such as: clear vision and mission , lead by doing rather by telling , innovative leader , empowerment , motivation , and being valued

Gendered Entrepreneurship Contextualization in Egypt: An Empirical Study on Policies for Women Entrepreneurship Empowerment

The proportion of women entrepreneurs has increased dramatically over the past decade, not just in the developed world but also in developing countries. This led to a significant increase in the governments’ attention towards designing and implementing female-focused policies to allocate adequate resources for empowering women entrepreneurs in Egypt. This paper examines one main question: How does the Egyptian government empower women entrepreneurs through key policy interventions? This is only possible through testing the proposed research hypotheses and investigating Egypt’s publicized policies and governmental interventions. Based on a gender-lens perspective, this research tries to close the gaps in previous research and determine the impact of systematic gendered policies on empowering women entrepreneurship and, in return, aid in the overall economic growth and development nation-wide. This paper starts with foundational quantitative research that is later enriched with qualitative research by employing mixed methods research mode. The data was then triangulated, and the empirical results indicated the gender empowerment direction adopted by the Egyptian government, which is apparent in several reports addressing the SDGs and Egypt’s cooperation with different international and national non-governmental organizations on gender fronts. Nonetheless, it was also indicated that the results have yet to be realized from such publicized efforts and policies. Finally, the findings highlight the main challenges that the government portrays for women entrepreneurs, including the gridlock where government reports publicize new programs and more support for women entrepreneurs, while results indicated the minimal resources provided to a little number of women entrepreneurs

Prevalence of renal anomalies in children with auricular malformations among attendance of Genetics Clinic in Ain Shams University

Objective: Although many pediatricians pursue renal ultrasonography when patients are noted to have external ear malformations, there is much confusion over which specific ear malformations do and do not require imaging. The objective of this study was to delineate characteristics of a child with external ear malformations that suggest a greater risk of renal anomalies. We highlight several multiple congenital anomaly (MCA) syndromes that should be considered in a patient who has both ear and renal anomalies. Patients and Methods: From September 2004 to April 2006, 50 patients with external ear anomalies (Preauricular pits and tags, low set ears, microtia, anotia, cup, phone, bat, and other forms of dysplastic ears) were consecutively recruited from the Genetics and Outpatient Clinic of Children's Hospital, Ain Shams University. Abdominal and pelvic ultrasound was done to each patient to screen for any renal anomaly. Results: 4 patients (8%) with external ear anomalies as a part of MCA syndrome had renal anomalies, in the form of left hydronephrotic changes (n=1; 2%), absent left kidney and bifid right renal pelvis (n=1; 2%), and bilateral reflux and hydronephrotic changes (n=2; 4%). Conclusions: Ear malformations are associated with an increased frequency of structural renal anomalies compared with the general population. This is because auricular malformations often are associated with specific MCA syndromes that have high incidences of renal anomalies. A renal ultrasound is useful not only in discovering renal anomalies, but also in the diagnosis and management of MCA syndromes themselves; it should be performed without delay in patients with ear anomalies, especially if those anomalies are part of MCA syndromes, in order to start conservative management or corrective surgery before irreversible kidney damage. Keywords: Renal anomalies, auricular malformations, multiple congenital anomaly, syndromes Egypt. J. Hum. Genet Vol. 8 (2) 2007: pp. 191-19

The Possible State? Renewal of Ijtihād and Its Role in Enforcing Sharia through the Intellectual Project of Jamāl Al-Dīn ʻaṭīya

Sharia has occupied the center of attention by Muslim and non-Muslim scholars alike. The term, Sharia, in itself, is controversial, sometimes is exaggerated and often misinterpreted. When it comes to the different ways in which Sharia is to be applied, we find many suggestions and methods emanating from within the Islamic parlance. But such approaches focus, for the most part, on the renewal of the Islamic sciences. There is paucity of literature that examines the integration of Sharia into the social and, more importantly, legal fabrics of the nation-state. In this thesis, I examine the different ways in which Sharia has been applied or proposed to be applied. I examine the integrative approach advocated by Jamāl al-Dīn ʻAṭīyah in institutionalizing collective ijtihād and the new classification of maqāṣid, and its role in the new juristic system

The usage of social media and e-reputation system in global supply chain : comparative cases from diamond & automotive industries

The last decade witnesses a heave use of social media-based information systems in different fields of business such as logistics, procurement, and supply chain management. Managing these types of information systems, could help companies to outsource their supply chain functions in a global scale and enhance their competitive advantages. However, the digital performance of these activities inherent risks of inappropriate supplier selection process, lack of trust, limited information about supply conditions (e.g., pricing, shipping and timing). To address such challenges, this research explains how companies use e-reputation systems and social media to select their global trusted suppliers. Based on two-case evidence from British Diamond and Egyptian Automotive companies, the researchers conducted 20 interviews with purchasing and supply chain professionals. Chen & Lin’s reputation system model has been adopted to explain the process of selecting and evaluating a trusted supplier and to inform our data analysis. Our findings pointed diamond professionals’ lack of experience of how to use e-reputation systems and lack do not understand the role of social media-based ratings or referrals during the stages of selection suppliers’ discovery and approval. Though, automotive professionals find e-reputation system a strong tool to build goodwill, tacit credibility, competence and predictable trust. Ironically, both cases confirm that supply chain professional use these systems to re-evaluate and reselect their existing suppliers than to extend new supply networks. Keywords: e-Reputation Systems, Social Media, Global Supply Chai

A simple and effective method for directing the sagittal placement of thoracic pedicle screws without intraoperative imaging

Concurrent Session 5A: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis & Complications. Paper no. 94postprintThe 17th International Meeting on Advanced Spine Techniques (IMAST 2010), Toronto, Canada, 21-24 July 2010

Impact of perioperative transesophageal echocardiography on tetralogy of fallot total repair

IntroductionPrevious studies have suggested that in cardiac surgical patients, TEE provides essential information before and after cardiopulmonary bypass regarding cardiac performance, valve function, and congenital anomalies. Significant residual abnormalities may be missed during TOF surgical repair. The result is often post-operative morbidity and mortality and sometimes the need for reoperation.ObjectivesTo determine impact and accuracy of perioperative TEE in assessment of patients undergoing TOF total repair.MethodsThe study included 50 patients with TOF referred to Cardiothoracic Surgery Department Ain Shams University Hospitals for total repair. Each patient was subjected to history taking, clinical examination, routine preoperative investigations, preoperative TTE, perioperative TEE and Post recovery TTE.ResultsOur study population included 45 (90%) pediatric patients and 5(10%) adults. Youngest was 1year 2 months old and oldest was 25 years old. Their weight ranged from 8 to 85Kg. TEE was feasible in 49 cases (98%) while the pediatric probe failed to be introduced in only one patient. TEE was able to visualize LM coronary artery in 96% of cases, and visualized RCA in 70% of cases. TEE newly detected a case with separate ostea of LAD and LCX. Only one patient developed non sustained runs of SVTThere was significant difference between TEE and TTE as regard IAS visualization (P value <0.0001). All our patients had only subaortic VSD except 4 patients. Three had doubly commited subarterial VSD seen by both TTE and TEE, while one patient had subaortic VSD with inlet extension, which was visualized only by TEE. Postoperative TEE detected residual small VSD in 29 cases of whom 14 cases had the VSD closed spontaneously by the time of TTE. TEE missed small residual VSD in 3 cases. In one case postoperative TEE showed a serpignous mid muscular VSD which was not detected preoperatively.There was moderate agreement between TEE and TTE regarding overriding of aortic valve (weighted Kappa 0.580). There was strong agreement between TTE and TEE in assessment of postoperative PR (r o.8594, P<0.0001).Preoperative TEE showed major impact in 2 cases (4%). In one case total repair was decided instead of shunt operation. While in the other TEE newly detected TV chordae attached to IVS crest with inlet extension of VSD. Preoperative TEE had minor impact in 29 cases (59%) by adding new information which did not alter surgical plan, as visualization of coronaries and IAS.TEE showed major postoperative impact in 2 cases (4%) in the form of second run of CPB and RVOT reconstruction. Minor impact in the form of detection of relieved RVOT obstruction, absence of residual shunts, preserved biventricular function in 47 cases (94%).ConclusionTEE imaging is a safe, feasible, and accurate tool for anatomical, hemodynamic, and functional assessment in patients with TOF during surgical repair. TEE offers the advantage of permitting visualization of the operative procedure in real time and provides guidance for the surgeon in making decisions inside the operating room

An integrated nonlinear optical loop mirror in silicon photonics for all-optical signal processing

The nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) has been studied for several decades and has attracted considerable attention for applications in high data rate optical communications and all-optical signal processing. The majority of NOLM research has focused on silica fiber-based implementations. While various fiber designs have been considered to increase the nonlinearity and manage dispersion, several meters to hundreds of meters of fiber are still required. On the other hand, there is increasing interest in developing photonic integrated circuits for realizing signal processing functions. In this paper, we realize the first-ever passive integrated NOLM in silicon photonics and demonstrate its application for all-optical signal processing. In particular, we show wavelength conversion of 10 Gb/s RZ-OOK signals over a wavelength range of 30 nm with error-free operation and a power penalty of less than 2.5 dB, we achieve error-free NRZ-to-RZ modulation format conversion at 10 Gb/s also with a power penalty of less than 2.8 dB, and we obtain error-free all-optical time-division demultiplexing of a 40 Gb/s RZ-OOK data signal into its 10 Gb/s tributary channels with a maximum power penalty of 3.5 dB