KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU LAYANAN PENDIDIKAN DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA NEGERI 1 SINGKEP BARAT

Penelitian ini mempertanyakan bagaimana kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan mutu layanan pendidikan di sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 1 Singkep Barat, Karena berdasarkan data yang diperoleh menyatakan bahwa layanan pendidikan yang diberikan terasa kurang optimal, padahal secara SDM terlihat mumpuni, karena rata- rata guru yang ada disekolah telah tersertifikasi dengan baik. Maka untuk mengakaji secara lebih mendalam penelit menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriftif dengan tehnik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara dan analisia dokumentasi. Tahap analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data dan verifikasi data, sedangkan pengecekan keterpercayaan data dilakukan dengan perpanjangan keikutsertaan, ketelitian pengamatan, dan triangulasi data. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa: 1) Dilihat dari aspek kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan mutu layanan pendidikan yang ada di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 1 Singkep Barat belum cukup optimal, dilihat dari ketersediaan sarana-prasara layanan yang terbatas dan kurang memadai. Tidak disipilinnya guru dalam mengajar, membuat pembelajaran diruang kelas tidak berjalan optimal. 2) Terdapat beberapa faktor yang menghambat peningkatan mutu layanan pendidikan; Pertama kurangnya komitmen profesionalisme guru terhadap layanan pendidikan. Kedua tidak tegasnya kepala sekolah dalam minindak guru yang tidak profesional. Ketiga, kurangnya inovasi dalam memberikan layanan pendidikan. Keempat terbatasnya anggaran sekolah. Sedangkan faktor pendukungnya adalah komitmen kepala sekolah dalam merealisasikan tuntutan peningkatan mutu layanan pendidikan; 3). Upaya yang dilakukan; a) menjalin komunikasi dengan berbagai pihak, baik guru, wali murid dan masyarakat untuk sama – sama mendukung komitmen mutu layanan pendidikan sekolah dengan menciptakan iklim sekolah yang kodusif. b), Mengoptimalkan Dana Operasional Sekolah untuk keperluan mutu layanan sekolah. c) Mengoptimalkan kerjasa sekolah dengan dinas terkait. d) Memotivasi guru dan siswa untuk taat dan patuh pada aturan sekolah yang telah dibuat dan disepakati bersama

Interplay between local structure and electronic properties on CuO under pressure

The electronic and local structural properties of CuO under pressure have been investigated by means of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at Cu K edge and ab-initio calculations, up to 17 GPa. The crystal structure of CuO consists of Cu motifs within CuO$_4$ square planar units and two elongated apical Cu-O bonds. The CuO$_4$ square planar units are stable in the studied pressure range, with Cu-O distances that are approximately constant up to 5 GPa, and then decrease slightly up to 17 GPa. In contrast, the elongated Cu-O apical distances decrease continuously with pressure in the studied range. An anomalous increase of the mean square relative displacement (EXAFS Debye Waller, \sigma$^2$) of the elongated Cu-O path is observed from 5 GPa up to 13 GPa, when a drastic reduction takes place in \sigma$^2$. This is interpreted in terms of local dynamic disorder along the apical Cu-O path. At higher pressures (P>13 GPa), the local structure of Cu$^{2+}$ changes from a 4-fold square planar to a 4+2 Jahn-Teller distorted octahedral ion. We interpret these results in terms of the tendency of the Cu$^{2+}$ ion to form favorable interactions with the apical O atoms. Also, the decrease in Cu-O apical distance caused by compression softens the normal mode associated with the out-of-plane Cu movement. CuO is predicted to have an anomalous rise in permittivity with pressure as well as modest piezoelectricity in the 5-13 GPa pressure range. In addition, the near edge features in our XAS experiment show a discontinuity and a change of tendency at 5 GPa. For P < 5 GPa the evolution of the edge shoulder is ascribed to purely electronic effects which also affect the charge transfer integral. This is linked to a charge migration from the Cu to O, but also to an increase of the energy band gap, which show a change of tendency occurring also at 5 GPa

The outcome of kidney transplants with multiple renal arteries

BACKGROUND: The use of grafts with multiple renal arteries has been considered a relative contraindication because of the increased incidence of vascular and urologic complications The aim of this study is to determine whether the kidney grafts with multiple arteries have any adverse effect upon post-transplant graft and patient survival. METHODS: We reviewed the records of 225 adult kidney transplants done consecutively at our institution. Twenty-nine patients (12.8%) had grafts with multiple renal arteries. We analyzed the incidence of post-transplant hypertension and vascular complications, mean creatinine levels, patient and graft survival. In 17 cases reconstruction was done as conjoined anastomosis between two arteries of equal size, and in 6 cases as end-to-side anastomosis of smaller arteries to larger arteries. Multiple anastomoses were performed in 6 cases. RESULTS: In one patient postoperative bleeding occurred. Mean systolic blood pressures, creatinine levels at first year and last follow-up and complication rates were all in acceptable ranges. There was no significant difference in graft and patient survival between multiple and single renal artery allografts. CONCLUSION: Although the kidney grafts with multiple renal arteries have been considered a relative contraindication because of the increased risk of complications, in our study allografts with multiple arteries were used successfully in kidney transplantation

Associations of maternal folic acid supplementation and folate concentrations during pregnancy with foetal and child head growth: the Generation R Study

Purpose: Folic acid supplementation during pregnancy has been associated with a reduced risk of common neurodevelopmental delays in the offspring. However, it is unclear whether low folate status has effects on the developing brain. We evaluated the associations of maternal folic acid supplementation and folate concentrations during pregnancy with repeatedly measured prenatal and postnatal head circumference in the offspring. Methods: Within a population-based prospective cohort, we measured maternal plasma folate concentrations at approximately 13 weeks of gestation (90 % range 10.5–17.2) and assessed folic acid supplementation by questionnaire (2001–2005). Up to 11 repeated mea

Magnetic Shielding Implementation in the Small Satellite Reaction Wheel

Low Earth orbit satellites face challenges from Earth's magnetic field, causing attitude disturbances. Attaining a magnetic-dipole-free satellite is crucial. Layout optimization and in-orbit dipole compensation are common methods, but layout optimization can be impractical. In contrast, in-orbit dipole compensation struggles with rapidly changing magnetic dipoles like those from reaction wheel motors. This research proposes an alternative solution using Mu-metal, known for shielding against magnetic exposure. This shield can be applied to trap the magnetic field generated by the motors. Ground tests evaluated this approach. First, it determined the minimum distance between the magnetometer and the shield for accurate measurements with minimal interference, with the result of 10 cm as the least affected distance, particularly important for small satellite layout design. Second, it assessed the shield's effectiveness in trapping the motor-generated magnetic field. Tests showed a significant reduction in magnetic field magnitude and up to a 95% reduction in field fluctuations when the motor is activated. This research offers a practical solution for small satellite layout design, addressing the challenges posed by their compact dimensions. Mu-metal shielding proves effective for mitigating rapidly changing magnetic dipoles and enhancing magnetic cleanliness in low Earth orbit

Associations of maternal folic acid supplementation and folate concentrations during pregnancy with foetal and child head growth:the Generation R Study

Purpose:Folic acid supplementation during pregnancy has been associated with a reduced risk of common neurodevelopmental delays in the offspring. However, it is unclear whether low folate status has effects on the developing brain. We evaluated the associations of maternal folic acid supplementation and folate concentrations during pregnancy with repeatedly measured prenatal and postnatal head circumference in the offspring.Methods:Within a population-based prospective cohort, we measured maternal plasma folate concentrations at approximately 13 weeks of gestation (90 % range 10.5–17.2) and assessed folic acid supplementation by questionnaire (2001–2005). Up to 11 repeated measures of head circumference were obtained during foetal life (20 and 30 weeks of gestation) and childhood (between birth and age 6 years) in 5866 children (2002–2012).Results:In unadjusted models, foetal head growth was 0.006 SD (95 % CI 0.003; 0.009, P &lt; 0.001) faster per week per 1-SD higher maternal folate concentration. After adjustment for confounders, this association was attenuated to 0.004 SD per week (95 % CI 0.000; 0.007, P = 0.02; estimated absolute difference at birth of 2.7 mm). The association was independent of overall foetal growth. No associations were found between maternal folate concentrations and child postnatal head growth. Preconceptional start of folic acid supplementation was associated with larger prenatal head size, but not with prenatal or postnatal head growth.Conclusions:Our results suggest an independent, modest association between maternal folate concentrations in early pregnancy and foetal head growth. More research is needed to identify whether specific brain regions are affected and whether effects of folate on foetal head growth influence children’s long-term functioning

Associations of maternal folic acid supplementation and folate concentrations during pregnancy with foetal and child head growth:the Generation R Study

Purpose:Folic acid supplementation during pregnancy has been associated with a reduced risk of common neurodevelopmental delays in the offspring. However, it is unclear whether low folate status has effects on the developing brain. We evaluated the associations of maternal folic acid supplementation and folate concentrations during pregnancy with repeatedly measured prenatal and postnatal head circumference in the offspring.Methods:Within a population-based prospective cohort, we measured maternal plasma folate concentrations at approximately 13 weeks of gestation (90 % range 10.5–17.2) and assessed folic acid supplementation by questionnaire (2001–2005). Up to 11 repeated measures of head circumference were obtained during foetal life (20 and 30 weeks of gestation) and childhood (between birth and age 6 years) in 5866 children (2002–2012).Results:In unadjusted models, foetal head growth was 0.006 SD (95 % CI 0.003; 0.009, P &lt; 0.001) faster per week per 1-SD higher maternal folate concentration. After adjustment for confounders, this association was attenuated to 0.004 SD per week (95 % CI 0.000; 0.007, P = 0.02; estimated absolute difference at birth of 2.7 mm). The association was independent of overall foetal growth. No associations were found between maternal folate concentrations and child postnatal head growth. Preconceptional start of folic acid supplementation was associated with larger prenatal head size, but not with prenatal or postnatal head growth.Conclusions:Our results suggest an independent, modest association between maternal folate concentrations in early pregnancy and foetal head growth. More research is needed to identify whether specific brain regions are affected and whether effects of folate on foetal head growth influence children’s long-term functioning

Despite the presence of UVB-induced DNA damage, HLA-DR+ cells from ex vivo UVB-exposed human skin are able to migrate and show no impaired allostimulatory capacity

In this study, we investigated the effect of ultraviolet B radiation on human Langerhans cell function. Normal human skin was irradiated ex vivo with single doses of ultraviolet B. For assessment of T-cell stimulatory function, cells that spontaneously migrated from epidermal sheets were used, whereas full-thickness skin biopsies were used to investigate alterations in migratory properties. The cells migrating from ultraviolet B-exposed epidermal sheets demonstrated a decrease in the percentage of HLA-DR positive Langerhans cells, as well as a reduced capacity to induce proliferation of allogeneic T cells, when compared with cells migrating from nonexposed sheets. When a correction was made for the decreased number of HLA-DR positive Langerhans cells migrating from ultraviolet B-exposed epidermis, however, it appeared that the capacity to induce T-cell proliferation was identical for Langerhans cells migrating from ultraviolet B-exposed and nonexposed epidermis. The presence of ultraviolet B-induced DNA damage could be demonstrated in the Langerhans cells from ultraviolet B-treated skin, indicating that the cells had received significant doses of ultraviolet B. As regards the effect of ultraviolet B on migratory properties of Langerhans cells, we found not only that reduced numbers of CD1a-positive Langerhans cells migrated from the ultraviolet B-exposed full-thickness skin, but also that there was a reduction in CD1a-positive Langerhans cells in the epidermis. This implies that ultraviolet B induces death of Langerhans cells as well as loss of cell surface molecules rather than altering Langerhans cells migration, whereas the Langerhans cells that were still able to migrate fully retained the capacity to activate allogeneic T cells