247 research outputs found
Waterpipe tobacco smoking legislation and policy enactment: a global analysis
Objective (1) To review how current global tobacco control policies address regulation of waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS). (2) To identify features associated with enactment and enforcement of WTS legislation. Data Sources (1) Legislations compiled by Tobacco Control Laws (www.tobaccocontrollaws.org). (2) Weekly news articles by âGoogle Alertsâ (www.google.com/alerts) from July 2013 to August 2014. Study Selection (1) Countries containing legislative reviews, written by legal experts, were included. Countries prohibiting tobacco sales were excluded. (2) News articles discussing aspects of the WHO FCTC were included. News articles related to electronic-waterpipe, crime, smuggling, opinion pieces or brief mentions of WTS were excluded. Data Abstraction (1) Two reviewers independently abstracted the definition of âtobacco productâ and/or âsmokingâ. Four tobacco control domains (smokefree law, misleading descriptors, health warning labels and advertising/promotion/sponsorship) were assigned one of four categories based on the degree to which WTS had specific legislation. (2) Two investigators independently assigned at least one theme and associated subtheme to each news article. Data Synthesis (1) Reviewed legislations of 62 countries showed that most do not address WTS regulation but instead rely on generic tobacco/smoking definitions to cover all tobacco products. Where WTS was specifically addressed, no additional legislative guidance accounted for the unique way it is smoked, except for in one country specifying health warnings on waterpipe apparatuses (2) News articles mainly reported on noncompliance with public smoking bans, especially in India, Pakistan and the UK. Conclusions A regulatory framework evaluated for effectiveness and tailored for the specificities of WTS needs to be developed
Faculty perception of engineering student cheating and effective measures to curb it
© 2019 IEEE. Engineering faculty were surveyed on issues related to academic dishonesty by students affiliated with their college at an American university located in the United Arab Emirates. The survey addressed perceived frequency of plagiarism, unauthorized collaboration, cheating, copyright violations and complicity in academic integrity. As expected, the majority of the faculty think that dishonesty is more common in-of-class work compared to proctored exams. They think that applying tougher penalties and using more proctors are the most effective methods in decreasing academic dishonesty. The authors believe that it would be helpful if faculty members follow the university\u27s policy on cheating rather than make up their own rules in order to have consistent approach in dealing with academic dishonesty violations across the whole university. Ideally, the best way to combat dishonest acts at an institution is by educating students through seminars and workshops about the virtues of academic integrity and the benefits it brings to society. But until our campuses become free of dishonest behavior by students, some practical measures should be undertaken by the faculty to safeguard the institution against unethical behavior by students. For example, faculty members are recommended to either make their own assignments or modify the end-of-chapter problems from textbooks because students may have access to solution manuals. They are encouraged to give different homework problems and projects from one semester to another since students may have access to graded past work. While test banks provided to faculty by publishers may be used as a guide when creating exams, problems from such sources should not be put verbatim on exams by faculty because they are often available for purchase by students on the internet. Furthermore, the weight of-of-class assignments relative to the total course grade should be a small fraction of the total weight to discourage students from cheating on homework. Wireless signal jamming devices can combat some acts of e-cheating that utilizes the internet by disrupting communication between a smart phone and the cell-phone base station
Mucoid degeneration of the anterior cruciate Ligament: a case report
We report a case of mucoid degeneration of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Mucoid degeneration of the ACL is a very rare cause of knee pain. There have been only some reported cases of mucoid degeneration of the ACL in the English literature. We reviewed previous reports and summarized clinical features and symptoms, including those found in our case. Magnetic Resonance Imaging is the most useful tool for differentiating mucoid degeneration of the ACL from an intraligamentous ganglion or other lesions in the knee joint. If this disease is considered preoperatively, it can be diagnosed easily based on characteristic findings.Key words: Anterior cruciate ligament, arthroscopy, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, mucoid degeneratio
Traitement chirurgical par plaque Ă compression des fractures de Galeazzi chez lâadulte: Ă propos de 28 cas
La fracture de Galeazzi associe une fracture diaphysaire du radius ou des deux os de l'avant bras à une luxation de l'articulation radio ulnairedistale. Décrite en 1934, sa fréquence varie chez l'adulte entre 2,7% et 6,8% de l'ensemble des fractures de l'avant bras. Le traitement admis defaçon consensuel chez l'adulte est chirurgical reposant sur une ostéosynthÚse stable par une plaque vissée de compression dynamique associée ou non à un embrochage de la radio ulnaire distale. Nous rapportons dans notre étude les résultats cliniques de 28 patients colligés au service de traumatologie et orthopédie A du CHU Hassan II de FÚs sur une période de 06 ans. L'ùge moyen de nos patients était de 30 ans avecprédominance masculine de 90%; tous nos patients ont présenté un traumatisme de poignet lors d'un accident de sport. Le cÎté droit était atteint dans 75 % des cas. Le bilan radiologique objectiva une fracture diaphysaire du raduis associée à une luxation radio ulnaire distale; nous avons adopté la classification de de Mansat. Le traitement a consisté en une synthÚse par une plaque vissée dynamique associée à un  embrochage transversal chez six patients qui ont présenté une instabilité de la radio ulnaire distale. L'immobilisation par attelle plùtrée postérieure BABP était de mise. AprÚs un recul de 36 mois, nos résultats ont été trÚs satisfaisants suivant le score de Mestdagh, avec bonne récupération de la mobilité du poignet et reprise de toute activité sportive
Sensitivity analysis and uncertainty quantification in 2D morphodynamic models using a newly implemented API for TELEMAC2D/SISYPHE
Water Qualit
Camel Milk Triggers Apoptotic Signaling Pathways in Human Hepatoma HepG2 and Breast Cancer MCF7 Cell Lines through Transcriptional Mechanism
Few published studies have reported the use of crude camel milk in the treatment of stomach infections, tuberculosis and cancer. Yet, little research was conducted on the effect of camel milk on the apoptosis and oxidative stress associated with human cancer. The present study investigated the effect and the underlying mechanisms of camel milk on the proliferation of human cancer cells using an in vitro model of human hepatoma (HepG2) and human breast (MCF7) cancer cells. Our results showed that camel milk, but not bovine milk, significantly inhibited HepG2 and MCF7 cells proliferation through the activation of caspase-3 mRNA and activity levels, and the induction of death receptors in both cell lines. In addition, Camel milk enhanced the expression of oxidative stress markers, heme oxygenase-1 and reactive oxygen species production in both cells. Mechanistically, the increase in caspase-3 mRNA levels by camel milk was completely blocked by the transcriptional inhibitor, actinomycin D; implying that camel milk increased de novo RNA synthesis. Furthermore, Inhibition of the mitogen activated protein kinases differentially modulated the camel milk-induced caspase-3 mRNA levels. Taken together, camel milk inhibited HepG2 and MCF7 cells survival and proliferation through the activation of both the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways
Laser photosensitization and metabolic inhibition of tissue culture cells treated with quinacrine hydrochloride
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/32698/1/0000065.pd
Cholesteatome Congenital De Lâoreille Moyenne A Propos De Deux Cas
But :Le cholesteatome congenital de lâoreille moyenne est une entite rare. Lâobjectif de ce travail est de discuter les particularites cliniques et therapeutiques de cette pathologie a travers deux observations de malades presentant un cholesteatome congenital operes et suivis au service dâORL et de chirurgie cervico-faciale Fattouma Bourguiba Monastir, entre 2002 et 2008. RĂ©sultats : Il sâagissait de deux garcons, ages de 5 et 7 ans. La symptomatologie etait dominee par lâapparition dâune hypoacousie et lâexamen otologique a revele un tympan complet dans les deux cas. La TDM des rochers a permis dâevoquer le diagnostic du cholesteatome congenital et dâapprecier les extensions locales des lesions. Les deux malades ont eu une tympanoplastie en technique fermee. Conclusion : Lâevolution du cholesteatome congenital est insidieuse et le diagnostic est souvent tardif. Le traitement est chirurgical, domine par la tympanoplastie en technique fermee. Mots clĂšs : Chlolesteatome congenital, hypoacousie, tympan complet, tympanoplastie en technique fermee, technique ouverte
DOX-Vit D, a Novel Doxorubicin Delivery Approach, Inhibits Human Osteosarcoma Cell Proliferation by Inducing Apoptosis While Inhibiting Akt and mTOR Signaling Pathways
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.Doxorubicin (DOX) is a very potent and effective anticancer agent. However, the effectiveness of DOX in osteosarcoma is usually limited by the acquired drug resistance. Recently, Vitamin D (Vit-D) was shown to suppress the growth of many human cancer cells. Taken together, we synthesized DOX-Vit D by conjugating Vit-D to DOX in order to increase the delivery of DOX into cancer cells and mitigate the chemoresistance associated with DOX. For this purpose, MG63 cells were treated with 10 ”M DOX or DOX-Vit D for 24 h. Thereafter, MTT, real-time PCR and western blot analysis were used to determine cell proliferation, genes and proteins expression, respectively. Our results showed that DOX-Vit D, but not DOX, significantly elicited an apoptotic signal in MG63 cells as evidenced by induction of death receptor, Caspase-3 and BCLxs genes. Mechanistically, the DOX-Vit D-induced apoptogens were credited to the activation of p-JNK and p-p38 signaling pathway and the inhibition of proliferative proteins, p-Akt and p-mTOR. Our findings propose that DOX-Vit D suppressed the growth of MG63 cells by inducing apoptosis while inhibiting cell survival and proliferative signaling pathways. DOX-Vit D may serve as a novel drug delivery approach to potentiate the delivery of DOX into cancer cells.Canadian Institutes of Health Research [Grant 106665]U.S. National Cancer Institute [Grant R01CA173292
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