[(1R)-3-Benzoyl-1,7,7-trimethyl­bicyclo­[2.2.1]heptan-2-onato-κ2 O,O′]chlorido(η6-p-cymene)ruthenium(II)

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, [RuCl(C10H14)(C17H19O2)], contains two diastereomers. In both, the RuII ion has a tetra­hedral coordination, formed by two O atoms of the camphor-derived ligand and the p-cymene and Cl ligands. In the crystal structure, weak inter­molecular C—H⋯Cl inter­actions link the mol­ecules into columns propagated along [010]

(S)-4-(2-Chloro­propan-2-yl)-1-(2,2,2-trichloro­eth­yl)cyclo­hexene

The title compound, C11H16Cl4, was synthesized by the reaction of (1S)-β-pinene with triethyl­amine in the presence of ZnCl2. The cyclo­hexene ring assumes a half-boat conformation. The crystal packing is governed only by van der Waals inter­actions. The structure, which has been refined in P21, presents a striking P21/m pseudosymmetry

(5R)-5-[(1R)-2,2-Dichloro-1-methyl­cyclo­prop­yl]-2-methyl­cyclo­hex-2-en-1-one

The title compound, C11H14Cl2O, was synthesized by the reaction of a dichloro­methane solution of (R)-carvone and potassium tert-butano­late in the presence of a catalytic amount of benzyl­triethyl­ammonium chloride in chloro­form. The cyclo­hexene ring adopts a half-boat conformation. The cyclo­propyl ring is unsymmetrical, the shortest C—C bond being distal to the alkyl-substituted C atom. The crystal packing is stabilized only by van der Waals inter­actions

[(1R,4S)-(+)-3-Benzoyl-1,7,7-trimethyl­bicyclo­[2.2.1]heptan-2-olato-κ2 O 2,O 3](η4-norbornadiene)rhodium(I)

In the title complex mol­ecule, [Rh(C17H19O2)(C7H8)], the rhodium(I) metal centre is coordinated by the O atoms of a benzoyl­camphorate anion and the C=C bonds of the norbornadiene mol­ecule into a slightly distorted square-planar coordination geometry. The six-membered chelate ring is essentially planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.0378 Å) and forms a dihedral angle of 31.67 (11)° with the phenyl ring

A Raman Study of Morphotropic Phase Boundary in PbZr1-xTixO3 at low temperatures

Raman spectra of PbZr1-xTixO3 ceramics with titanium concentration varying between 0.40 and 0.60 were measured at 7 K. By observing the concentration-frequency dependence of vibrational modes, we identified the boundaries among rhombohedral, monoclinic, and tetragonal ferroelectric phases. The analysis of the spectra was made in the view of theory group analysis making possible the assignment of some modes for the monoclinic phase.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

(1S,2R,4S)-1-[(Benzyl­amino)­meth­yl]-4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclo­hexane-1,2-diol

The title compound, C17H25NO2, was synthesized by epoxidation of the double bond of (S)-perillyl alcohol [(S)-4-isopropenyl-1-cyclo­hexenyl­methanol], followed by the oxirane ring-opening by benzyl­amine using [Ca(CF3CO2)2] as catalyst under solvent-free condition at 313 K. The mol­ecular conformation is stabilized by an intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming chains parallel to the a axis, which are further connected by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds into sheets parallel to (010). The absolute configuration of the mol­ecule is known from the synthetic procedure

L'adaptation au changement climatique dans le bassin de Tensift au Maroc par une gestion améliorée du bassin versant et le paiement pour les services environnementaux - rapport final

Ce projet bénéficie d'une subvention du Centre de recherches pour le développement international (CRDI), Ottawa, Canada.Le défi que le présent projet de recherche a essayé de relever est de trouver des pistes pour repenser la GIRE dans un contexte du changement climatique, tout en prenant en considération le maintien de la production des biens et services environnementaux. Ceci ne pourra se réaliser qu’à travers des actions permettant de prendre en considération la donne climatique et les instruments basés sur le marché (e.g. le Paiement pour les Services Environnementaux (PSE)) dans les politiques de gestion de l’eau

Contribution à l'étude structurale et spectroscopique de céramiques pérovskites PLZT [...] et PZTN [...] et de leurs transitions de phases

The composition study for the PZT system shows that the substitution of the Zr ions by the Nb (or Ti) ions decreases the ratio Zr/Ti below critical value, as consequence a phase transition occurs at room temperature. The Raman and Ir spectra analysis shows the low frequency side is of a great interest. Indeed, there appears the phase transitions precursor phenomena as the modes softening at low temperatures and the occurrence of a relaxationnal component at higher temperatures. Many authors reported the order-disorder character of the phase transition to the paraelectric phase. In chapter 3 we have evidenced and characterised a phase transition of order-disorder type below room temperature. For the partially disordered phase, in the dynamic behaviour contribute a displacive and order-disorder mechanisms. The fluctuations state in the critical regime of the interactions at the vicinity of transition points is strongly influenced by the material microhomogeneity. We have observed a deviation from the classical behaviour in the mean field theory to the tridimentional Ising model as function of the La content values. The confrontation of the analysis and interpretations of the Raman spectra lead to informations about : i) identification and assignment of the vibrational modes, ii) correlation between the phase transitions and the distribution of the different ions, as function of the nature and concentration of the dopands. A new information concerning the cell doubling in the phase transition FeBT-FeHT, the authenticity of which has been controversed. The study on the PLZT system allows the identify the called "antiferroelectric mode" and "ferroelectric mode" which are predicted by the Cochran theory and the Samara analysis. In chapter 5 we report the correlation between the dielectric constant behaviour and the polarisation fluctuations. Above the Curie point, the Raman data are corroborated with the depolarised ferroelectric domains and their screening by space and electrons charges processes. The relaxor behaviour is also related to resultant concentration polarisation fluctuationsL'étude de composition pour le système PZT montre que le remplacement des ions Zr par les ions Nb (ou Ti), déplace le rapport Zr/Ti en dessous d'une valeur critique, il en résulte une transition de phase à la température ambiante. L'étude du spectre infrarouge et Raman montre que la région des basses fréquences est d'un grand intérêt. En effet, dans cette gamme se situent les phénomènes prétransitionnels observés tels que des amollissements des modes aux basses températures et l'apparition d'une composante relaxationnelle aux hautes températures. De nombreux travaux ont porté sur le caractère ordre-désordre de la transition vers la phase paraélectrique dans ces systèmes. Au chapitre 3 nous avons mis en évidence et caractérisé pour la première fois une transition de type ordre-désordre à basse température. Les systèmes étudiés étant partiellement désordonnés, dans leur comportement dynamique participent les deux mécanismes displacif et ordre-désordre. L'état des fluctuations dans le régime critique d'interactions au voisinage des transitions de phase est influence par l'état de la micro homogénéité du système. En fonction de la st?chiométrie, nous avons observé une déviation de l'universalité du champ moyen vers celle du modèle d'Ising. La confrontation des analyses et des interprétations des spectres Raman, permet de présenter deux catégories d'informations: i) sur l'identification et l'assignation des modes de vibrations; ii) sur les corrélations entre les transitions de phase et la distribution des ions, en fonction de la nature de l'élément dopant et de sa concentration. Une nouvelle information sur le doublement de la maille élémentaire qui résulterait de la transition FeBT-FeHT, dont l'authenticité était restée sujette à question, est présentée. L'étude du système PLZT nous permet d'identifier, pour la première fois, les modes de vibration mode anti ferroélectrique et mode ferroélectrique prédits par la théorie de Cochran et de Camara. Au chapitre 5 nous avons relié le comportement de la constante diélectrique aux fluctuations de la polarisation spontanée. Au-delà de la température de Curie, les données Raman sont corrélées à la dépolarisation des domaines ferroélectriques et au processus d'écrantage de ces domaines par les charges d'espace et d'électrons, ainsi qu'aux fluctuations de la polarisation de concentratio

Recent Advances in Electrochemical Biosensors Based on Enzyme Inhibition for Clinical and Pharmaceutical Applications

A large number of enzyme inhibitors are used as drugs to treat several diseases such as gout, diabetes, AIDS, depression, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases. Electrochemical biosensors based on enzyme inhibition are useful devices for an easy, fast and environment friendly monitoring of inhibitors like drugs. In the last decades, electrochemical biosensors have shown great potentials in the detection of different drugs like neostigmine, ketoconazole, donepezil, allopurinol and many others. They attracted increasing attention due to the advantage of being high sensitive and accurate analytical tools, able to reach low detection limits and the possibility to be performed on real samples. This review will spotlight the research conducted in the past 10 years (2007–2017) on inhibition based enzymatic electrochemical biosensors for the analysis of different drugs. New assays based on novel bio-devices will be debated. Moreover, the exploration of the recent graphical approach in diagnosis of reversible and irreversible inhibition mechanism will be discussed. The accurate and the fast diagnosis of inhibition type will help researchers in further drug design improvements and the identification of new molecules that will serve as new enzyme targets