Oxidative stress and cytotoxic potential of anticholinesterase insecticide, malathion in reproductive toxicology of male adolescent mice after acute exposure

Objective(s):The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of acute exposure to malathion on oxidative stress and cytotoxic potential of anticholinesterase insecticide, malathion in reproductive toxicology of adolescent male mice. Materials and Methods: Thirty two adolescent male mice at pubertal age were treated with 500 mg/kg body weight (BW) of malathion for three days. After exposure, biochemical markers and sperm analysis were evaluated and finally histological modifications of testis and sperm were assessed. Results: Our data showed that treatment of male mice with malathion (500 mg/kg, BW) could lead to oxidative stress. Induced oxidative stress status can be assessed due to increased malondialdhyde (MDA) content, decreased thiol group content, as well as increased antioxidant enzyme activities. On the other hand, exposure to malathion at the pubertal age led to alteration of semen parameters; sperm production and percentage of motile sperm were decreased in the treated groups compared to the control.  Furthermore, exposure of male mice to malathion led to a decrease of testosterone level, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, and decrease of the reproductive performance of male mice after three days of treatment at the age of puberty. Conclusion: The importance to carry out in vitro reproductive toxicology assays lies on the need of knowing the alterations these insecticides may cause at cellular level, since they are endocrine disruptors that interfere with reproductive functions

Blépharochalasis d'installation rapide.

peer reviewedLe blépharochalasis est une affection rare caractérisée par des poussées oedémateuses des paupières aboutissant à une altération de leur structure fine et principalement à un relâchement cutané. Il est le plus souvent bilatéral et atteint préférentiellement les paupières supérieures. Nous rapportons l’observation d’une jeune fille de 11 ans, qui présente un blépharochalasis qui s’est installé 3 mois après des épisodes successifs pratiquement subintrants d’œdème palpébral. Le diagnostic a été étoffé par un examen histologique qui a montré une absence quasi totale de fibre élastique. Le blépharochalasis survient habituellement chez le sujet jeune. Deux formes cliniques sont classiquement décrites : la forme hypertrophique et la forme atrophique, observée chez notre patiente. L’atrophie des paupières s’installe progressivement sur plusieurs années suite à des poussées œdèmateuses qui durent quelques jours et qui surviennent 3 à 4 fois par an

Time–motion analysis and physiological data of elite under‐19‐year‐old basketball players during competition

The physical demands of modern basketball were assessed by investigating 38 elite under‐19‐year‐old basketball players during competition. Computerised time–motion analyses were performed on 18 players of various positions. Heart rate was recorded continuously for all subjects. Blood was sampled before the start of each match, at half time and at full time to determine lactate concentration. Players spent 8.8% (1%), 5.3% (0.8%) and 2.1% (0.3%) of live time in high “specific movements”, sprinting and jumping, respectively. Centres spent significantly lower live time competing in high‐intensity activities than guards (14.7% (1%) v 17.1% (1.2%); p<0.01) and forwards (16.6% (0.8%); p<0.05). The mean (SD) heart rate during total time was 171 (4) beats/min, with a significant difference (p<0.01) between guards and centres. Mean (SD) plasma lactate concentration was 5.49 (1.24) mmol/l, with concentrations at half time (6.05 (1.27) mmol/l) being significantly (p<0.001) higher than those at full time (4.94 (1.46) mmol/l). The changes to the rules of basketball have slightly increased the cardiac efforts involved during competition. The game intensity may differ according to the playing position, being greatest in guards