Histomorphologic alterations of the cerebellum of Wistar rats following Amodiaquine plus Artesunate administration

Amodiaquine and artesunate are two antimalarial drugs sold incombination as Larimal®’. This drug is a very effective artemisinin-basecombination. This study was to access the effects of amodiaquine andartesunate combination on the histology of the cerebellum. Twenty adultWistar rats weighing between 150-180g were divided into four groups (A, B, C and D) of five animals each. Group A served as the control and the animals received distilled water, while group B received 8.75+2.86mg/kg ofamodiaquine and artesunate combination for three days, group C received8.75+2.86mg/kg of amodiaquine and artesunate combination for six days and group D received 17.50+5.71mg/kg of amodiaquine and artesunatecombination for three days. Histological sections showed destruction of thePurkinje cortical layers in group B, with increased destructions in groups C andD compared to the control. These results reveal that amodiaquine andartesunate combination causes histological alterations, which were dose andtime dependent and these may result in cerebellar dysfunction

Effects of co-treatment of Rauwolfia vomitoria and Gongronema latifolium on neurobehaviour and the neurohistology of the cerebral cortex in mice

Rauwolfia vomitoria and Gongronema latifolium are medicinal plants with antioxidant, antidiabetic and analgesic properties among others. R. vomitoria is reported to possess adverse neural effects, which G. latifolium has shown the potential to address. This study therefore investigated the effects of co-treatment of R. vomitoria and G. latifolium on the neurobehaviour and histology of the cerebral cortex of female mice. Twenty female Wistar mice were divided into 4 groups (A, B, C and D). Group A designated as the control received 0.4 mL of 20 % Tween, while groups B, C and D received oral doses of 150 mg/kg of R. vomitoria (RV), 200 mg/kg of G. latifolium (GL) and a combination of 150 mg/kg of R. vomitoria and 200 mg/kg of G. latifolium (RV+GL), respectively for seven days. Light and dark field behaviour test was carried out on day 8 and the animals were immediately sacrificed. Their brains were excised and routinely processed by haematoxylin and eosin method. There was no difference in body and brain weights, and the behavioural parameters. Cellular cyto-architecture showed higher glial population with no apparent histopathology. The cellular population was higher (p<0.0001) in the RV and RV+GL groups, while the GL group was less (p<0.0001) populated all compared to the control.In conclusion, the reported treatment regimes, RV administered singly and in combination with GL may not affect some neurobehavioural activities, but may result in cellular increase in the cerebral cortex.KEY WORDS: Rauwolfia vomitoria; Gongronema latifolium; Cerebral cortex; Mic

The Effect Of Larimal® Administration On Nissl Substances Distribution In The Cerebellum Of Wistar Rats

Larimal® is an artemisinin base antimalarial drug made up of amodiaquine and artesunate. Thus the effect of this drug on Nissl substances distribution in the cerebellum of Wistar rats was carried out. Twenty adult Wistar rats were divided equally into four groups. Group 1 served as the control and the animals received distilled water, while groups 2, 3 and 4 were the experimental groups and the animals were treated with 17.50mg/kg+5.71mg/kg, 8.75mg/kg+2.86mg/kg and 8.75mg/kg+2.86mg/kg of Larimal® respectively. The administration lasted three days for groups 2 and 3, and six days of group 4. Nissl substances staining were reduced in groups 2 and 4 compared to groups 1 and 3. Thisindicates chromatolysis in groups 2 and 4, a result of tissue toxicity. This result reveals that increase dose and duration of Larimal® is toxic to cerebellar tissues which may likely result in cerebellar dysfunction

The effect of amodiaquine on some brain macromolecules of Wistar rats

Amodiaquine (AQ) is a 4-aminoquinoline antimalarial with schizonticidal action against different strains of Plasmodia. This study assessed the effect of the drug on some macromolecules of the brain of albino Wistar rats. Twenty-four adult Wistar rats weighing between 150-180 g were divided into four groups of six animals each. Group 1 served as the control and received distilled water, while groups 2, 3 and 4, the experimental groups, were treated with 17.50 mg/kg, 8.75 mg/kg and 8.75 mg/kg of AQ, respectively. The treatment lasted three days for groups 2 and 3, and six days for group 4. The brains of the animals were removed, weighed and preserved in sucrose tris-KCl-MgCl (STKM) buffer for some macromolecule analysis. The total proteins (TP) and triacylglycerol (TAG) showed no significant (p>0.05) differences between the experimental groups compared to the control, and there was no significant (p>0.05) difference within the experimental groups. In the cholesterol (CH) estimation, the control had significantly (

Effect Of Artesunate On The Nissl Bodies Of The Cerebellum Of Wistar Rats

The study was to assess the effect of the administration of different doses of artesunate on the Nissl bodies of the cerebellum of Wistar rats. Twenty adult albino Wistar rats weighing between 160-180g were equally assigned into four groups (A, B, C and D). Group A served as the control that received distilled water, while groups B, C and D were the experimental groups. Groups B and C received 2.86mg/kg and 5.71mg/kg of artesunate respectively for three days, while group D received 2.86mg/kg of artesunate for six days. Twelve hours after the last administration the animals were sacrificed. There was reduced staining intensity of Nisslbodies in groups B, C and D compared to the control. The reduction in staining was more in groups C and D especially in the granular and Purkinje cortical layers. These results revealed that artesunate cause reducedNissl bodies of the cerebellum of Wistar rats, and these reductions were dose and time dependent

A comparative study of the effect of diet and soda carbonated drinks on the histology of the cerebellum of adult female albino Wistar rats

Background: Carbonated drinks are widely consumed because of their taste and their ability to refresh and quench thirst. These carbonated drinks also exist in the form of diet drinks, for example Diet Coke® , Pepsi®, extra. Objectives: A comparative effect of the diet and regular soda carbonated drinks on the histology of the cerebellum of female albino Wistar rats was investigated. Methods: Fifteen adult female Wistar rats weighing between 180-200g were divided into 3 groups; designated as groups A,B and C, and each group consisted of five rats. Group A was the Control group and received distilled water, while groups B and C were the experimental groups. Group B was administered 50 ml of regular soda (RS), and group C was administered 50 ml of diet soda (DS) each per day for 21 days, and the rats were sacrificed on Day 22, and their cerebellums excised and preserved. Results: Histological result of the sections of the cerebellum showed shrunken and degenerated Purkinje cells with hypertrophied dendrites, especially in the DS group, which was less in the RS group compared to the control group. Conclusions: These results suggest that diet soda has adverse effect on the cerebellum of adult female albino Wistar rats

A comparative study of the effect of diet and soda carbonated drinks on the histology of the cerebellum of adult female albino Wistar rats

BACKGROUND: Carbonated drinks are widely consumed because of their taste and their ability to refresh and quench thirst. These carbonated drinks also exist in the form of diet drinks, for example Diet Coke®, Pepsi®, extra. OBJECTIVES: A comparative effect of the diet and regular soda carbonated drinks on the histology of the cerebellum of female albino Wistar rats was investigated. METHODS: Fifteen adult female Wistar rats weighing between 180–200g were divided into 3 groups; designated as groups A, B and C, and each group consisted of five rats. Group A was the Control group and received distilled water, while groups B and C were the experimental groups. Group B was administered 50 ml of regular soda (RS), and group C was administered 50 ml of diet soda (DS) each per day for 21 days, and the rats were sacrificed on Day 22, and their cerebellums excised and preserved. RESULTS: Histological result of the sections of the cerebellum showed shrunken and degenerated Purkinje cells with hypertrophied dendrites, especially in the DS group, which was less in the RS group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that diet soda has adverse effect on the cerebellum of adult female albino Wistar rats