X-ray analog pixel array detector for single synchrotron bunch time-resolved imaging

Dynamic x-ray studies may reach temporal resolutions limited by only the x-ray pulse duration if the detector is fast enough to segregate synchrotron pulses. An analog integrating pixel array detector with in-pixel storage and temporal resolution of around 150 ns, sufficient to isolate pulses, is presented. Analog integration minimizes count-rate limitations and in-pixel storage captures successive pulses. Fundamental tests of noise and linearity as well as high-speed laser measurements are shown. The detector resolved individual bunch trains at the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS) at levels of up to 3.7x10^3 x-rays/pixel/train. When applied to turn-by-turn x-ray beam characterization single-shot intensity measurements were made with a repeatability of 0.4% and horizontal oscillations of the positron cloud were detected. This device is appropriate for time-resolved Bragg spot single crystal experiments.Comment: 9 pages, 11 figure

Effects of novel processing techniques on glucosinolates and membrane associated myrosinases in broccoli

High pressure/high temperature (HP/HT) and pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment of food are among the novel processing techniques considered as alternatives to conventional thermal food processing. Introduction of new processing techniques with fast and gentle processing steps may reveal new possibilities for preservation of healthy bioactive compounds in processed food. However, effects on various food components due to autolysis and fast reactions prior to the applied HP/HT or PEF need to be considered as the total contribution of processing steps affects the obtained food quality. The present experiments were performed on broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica) florets, puree and juice. Specific focus was given to effects of HP/HT and PEF processing on the content of glucosinolates and activities of myrosinase isoenzymes (EC.3.2.1.147) in the broccoli preparations. Certain conditions applied in HP/HT processing of broccoli florets were able to maintain a high level of intact glucosinolates. Treatment at 700 MPa and 20 degrees C for 10 min was found to inactivate myrosinase activity, but also pressure treatments at 300 MPa and 20 degrees C were able to maintain a high level of intact glucosinolates present in the untreated broccoli florets. PEF processing of broccoli puree and juice showed that the myrosinase activities resulted in nearly total glucosinolate transformations as result of autolysis during pureeing and juice making prior to the PEF processing. These data demonstrated that insight into potential effects on myrosinase activities from application of PEF processing implies specific focus on the sample steps preceding the PEF processin

Information in medical treatment courses:a steering tool for the quality - a pilot study

INFORMATION IN MEDICAL TREATMENT COURSES - A STEERING TOOL FOR THE QUALITY – A Pilot Study Marianne Møller1,2 Stig Ejdrup Andersen3 Charlotte Bredahl Jacobsen4 Erik Hollnagel1,2 1: Centre for Quality, Middelfart Region of Southern Denmark Email: [email protected] 2: Institute of Regional Health Research University of Southern Denmark 3: Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark4: Charlotte Bredahl Jacobsen Danish Knowledge Center for User Involvement in Health Care (VIBIS) Background Unintended events and suboptimal treatment with medicines is a major burden for patients and health systems all over the world. Traditionally, patient safety has been viewed as the absence of errors, but another approach focus on learning from situations that goes well – also called resilience or Safety-II. This, combined with a broad understanding of quality, is the platform for this study. Objectives The overall purpose of this three-phased study is to investigate how information is used as a steering tool for quality in medical treatment courses. In the first part of the study, we analyze the role of information on medicine in relation to the quality of medical treatment courses. Methods The study investigate patient-medication as a process focusing on variability. Systems theory and cybernetics concepts (steering, timing and feedback) as well as a classic communication model is applied as theoretical frame. Two groups of patients and their information providers will be studied using qualitative methods. In the first phase, informants were interviewed about their use of medicines information, using a semi-structured interview guide. The interviews were fully transcribed. The qualitative data analysis focused on the aspects most relevant for the patients concerning their use of medicines information, including everyday use of medicines information and sources, actions in case of side effects/treatment-related incidents and use of network and health system in search for information during medical treatment. The patient’s feedback to health personnel were also discussed. Results Seven patients using either chronic pain medication or anticoagulants participated. They were recruited from GPs, hospital outpatients clinics, pharmacies and patient organizations, and differed in age, sex, education, duration of disease, geography, co-morbidities, marital status and socio-economic relations. The data-analysis is ongoing. Preliminary results show that patients seem to take an active role in their use of, and feed-back on, medicines information. However, the extent varied among individuals. The patients’ relations to health providers seemed important for their use of medicines information and this aspect needs further analyzing. Conclusions/clinical implications The results of this pilot study will form a base for further studies of patterns identified to have a role for medication safety and quality of treatment courses. The overall project results may provide health professionals with an insight into how patients’ knowledge and experiences can be used more systematically to increase the quality of medical treatment. Keywords - Exchange of information and knowledge sharing across sectors/domains - Medicines - Patient communication - Quality - Patient safety - Safety-II - Resilience - Systems theory - Feed-back<br/

Information in medical treatment courses:a steering tool for the quality - a pilot study

Background Unintended events and suboptimal treatment with medicines is a major burden for patients and health systems all over the world. Traditionally, patient safety has been viewed as the absence of errors, but another approach focus on learning from situations that goes well – also called resilience or Safety-II. This, combined with a broad understanding of quality, is the platform for this study. Objectives The overall purpose of this three-phased study is to investigate how information is used as a steering tool for quality in medical treatment courses. In the first part of the study, we analyze the role of information on medicine in relation to the quality of medical treatment courses. Methods The study investigate patient-medication as a process focusing on variability. Systems theory and cybernetics concepts (steering, timing and feedback) as well as a classic communication model is applied as theoretical frame. Two groups of patients and their information providers will be studied using qualitative methods. In the first phase, informants were interviewed about their use of medicines information, using a semi-structured interview guide. The interviews were fully transcribed. The qualitative data analysis focused on the aspects most relevant for the patients concerning their use of medicines information, including everyday use of medicines information and sources, actions in case of side effects/treatment-related incidents and use of network and health system in search for information during medical treatment. The patient’s feedback to health personnel were also discussed. Results Seven patients using either chronic pain medication or anticoagulants participated. They were recruited from GPs, hospital outpatients clinics, pharmacies and patient organizations, and differed in age, sex, education, duration of disease, geography, co-morbidities, marital status and socio-economic relations. The data-analysis is ongoing. Preliminary results show that patients seem to take an active role in their use of, and feed-back on, medicines information. However, the extent varied among individuals. The patients’ relations to health providers seemed important for their use of medicines information and this aspect needs further analyzing. Conclusions/clinical implications The results of this pilot study will form a base for further studies of patterns identified to have a role for medication safety and quality of treatment courses. The overall project results may provide health professionals with an insight into how patients’ knowledge and experiences can be used more systematically to increase the quality of medical treatment. <br/

Information in medical treatment courses:a steering tool for the quality - a pilot study

Background Unintended events and suboptimal treatment with medicines is a major burden for patients and health systems all over the world. Traditionally, patient safety has been viewed as the absence of errors, but another approach focus on learning from situations that goes well – also called resilience or Safety-II. This, combined with a broad understanding of quality, is the platform for this study. Objectives The overall purpose of this three-phased study is to investigate how information is used as a steering tool for quality in medical treatment courses. In the first part of the study, we analyze the role of information on medicine in relation to the quality of medical treatment courses. Methods The study investigate patient-medication as a process focusing on variability. Systems theory and cybernetics concepts (steering, timing and feedback) as well as a classic communication model is applied as theoretical frame. Two groups of patients and their information providers will be studied using qualitative methods. In the first phase, informants were interviewed about their use of medicines information, using a semi-structured interview guide. The interviews were fully transcribed. The qualitative data analysis focused on the aspects most relevant for the patients concerning their use of medicines information, including everyday use of medicines information and sources, actions in case of side effects/treatment-related incidents and use of network and health system in search for information during medical treatment. The patient’s feedback to health personnel were also discussed. Results Seven patients using either chronic pain medication or anticoagulants participated. They were recruited from GPs, hospital outpatients clinics, pharmacies and patient organizations, and differed in age, sex, education, duration of disease, geography, co-morbidities, marital status and socio-economic relations. The data-analysis is ongoing. Preliminary results show that patients seem to take an active role in their use of, and feed-back on, medicines information. However, the extent varied among individuals. The patients’ relations to health providers seemed important for their use of medicines information and this aspect needs further analyzing. Conclusions/clinical implications The results of this pilot study will form a base for further studies of patterns identified to have a role for medication safety and quality of treatment courses. The overall project results may provide health professionals with an insight into how patients’ knowledge and experiences can be used more systematically to increase the quality of medical treatment. <br/

Information in medical treatment courses:a steering tool for the quality - a pilot study

INFORMATION IN MEDICAL TREATMENT COURSES - A STEERING TOOL FOR THE QUALITY – A Pilot Study Marianne Møller1,2 Stig Ejdrup Andersen3 Charlotte Bredahl Jacobsen4 Erik Hollnagel1,2 1: Centre for Quality, Middelfart Region of Southern Denmark Email: [email protected] 2: Institute of Regional Health Research University of Southern Denmark 3: Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark4: Charlotte Bredahl Jacobsen Danish Knowledge Center for User Involvement in Health Care (VIBIS) Background Unintended events and suboptimal treatment with medicines is a major burden for patients and health systems all over the world. Traditionally, patient safety has been viewed as the absence of errors, but another approach focus on learning from situations that goes well – also called resilience or Safety-II. This, combined with a broad understanding of quality, is the platform for this study. Objectives The overall purpose of this three-phased study is to investigate how information is used as a steering tool for quality in medical treatment courses. In the first part of the study, we analyze the role of information on medicine in relation to the quality of medical treatment courses. Methods The study investigate patient-medication as a process focusing on variability. Systems theory and cybernetics concepts (steering, timing and feedback) as well as a classic communication model is applied as theoretical frame. Two groups of patients and their information providers will be studied using qualitative methods. In the first phase, informants were interviewed about their use of medicines information, using a semi-structured interview guide. The interviews were fully transcribed. The qualitative data analysis focused on the aspects most relevant for the patients concerning their use of medicines information, including everyday use of medicines information and sources, actions in case of side effects/treatment-related incidents and use of network and health system in search for information during medical treatment. The patient’s feedback to health personnel were also discussed. Results Seven patients using either chronic pain medication or anticoagulants participated. They were recruited from GPs, hospital outpatients clinics, pharmacies and patient organizations, and differed in age, sex, education, duration of disease, geography, co-morbidities, marital status and socio-economic relations. The data-analysis is ongoing. Preliminary results show that patients seem to take an active role in their use of, and feed-back on, medicines information. However, the extent varied among individuals. The patients’ relations to health providers seemed important for their use of medicines information and this aspect needs further analyzing. Conclusions/clinical implications The results of this pilot study will form a base for further studies of patterns identified to have a role for medication safety and quality of treatment courses. The overall project results may provide health professionals with an insight into how patients’ knowledge and experiences can be used more systematically to increase the quality of medical treatment. Keywords - Exchange of information and knowledge sharing across sectors/domains - Medicines - Patient communication - Quality - Patient safety - Safety-II - Resilience - Systems theory - Feed-back<br/

Effect of Dietary Fibre Fractions on <i>In Vitro</i> Digestibility of Rapeseed Napin Proteins

Protein digestibility may be influenced by the presence of dietary fibre affecting the nutritional quality of a feed or food product. This study investigated the interplay between rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) protein and fibre constituents separated by industrially scalable pilot plant processing and recombined in mixed samples. Total dietary fibre (TDF) fractions were isolated from rapeseed hulls (TDF-RH) and purified rapeseed embryo fibres (TDF-RE). The effect of TDF sources on in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD) of a rapeseed protein concentrate rich in napin proteins (RP2) was assessed at three inclusion levels (200, 333, and 500 mg/g DM) using a sequential transient proteolysis by pepsin (1 h) and pancreatin (1 h). The IVPD of RP2 was dose-dependently decreased upon addition of hull fibres at all inclusion levels (8.9-26.6%; P<0.05), whereas the effect of embryo fibres was of a markedly lower magnitude and only significant at the medium to high levels (7.3-8.9%; P<0.05). These results demonstrated that TDF fractions obtained from rapeseed differentially affect the protein digestibility of rapeseed napin proteins depending on the fibre source and inclusion level