Magnetic Inversion Approach For Modeling Data Acquired Across Faults: Various Environmental Cases Studies

An effective extension to the particle swarm optimizer scheme has been developed to visualize and modelize robustly magnetic data acquired across vertical or dipping faults. This method can be applied to magnetic data sets that support various investigations, including mining, fault hazards assessment, and hydrocarbon exploration. The inversion algorithm is established depending on the second horizontal derivative technique and the particle swarm optimizer algorithm and was utilized for multi-source models. Herein, the inversion method is applied to three synthetic models (a dipping fault model contaminated without and with different Gaussian noises levels, a dipping fault model affected by regional anomaly, and a multi-source model) and three real datasets from India, Australia, and Egypt, respectively. The output models confirm the inversion approach\u27s accuracy, applicability, and efficacy. Also, the results obtained from the suggested approach have been correlated with those from other methods published in the literature

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Magnetic anomaly interpretation for a 2D fault-like geologic structures utilizing the global particle swarm method

We establish a method to interpret the magnetic anomaly due to 2D fault structures, with an evaluation of first moving average residual anomalies utilizing filters of increasing window lengths. After that, the buried fault parameters are estimated using the global particle swarm method. The goodness of fit among the observed and the calculated models is expressed as the root mean squared (RMS) error. The importance of studying and delineating the fault parameters, which include the amplitude factor, the depth to the upper edge, the depth to the lower edge, the fault dip angle, and the position of the origin of the fault, is: (i) solving many problem-related engineering and environmental applications, (ii) describing the accompanying mineralized zones with faults, (iii) describing geological deformation events, (iv) monitoring the subsurface shear zones, (v) defining the environmental effects of the faults before organizing any investments, and (vi) imaging subsurface faults for different scientific studies.Finally, we show the method applied to two theoretical models including the influence of the regional background and the multi-fault effect and to real field examples from Australia and Turkey. Available geologic and geophysical information corroborates our interpretations