Semeadura de cereais de inverno em diferentes coberturas do solo/ Performance seeder under different cover crops, sowing depth and speed

A semeadura sob o sistema plantio direto requer um manejo consciente do solo visando a manutenção de suas características químicas, físicas e biológicas. Para tanto, a correta utilização da semeadora e a cobertura do solo são importantes fatores que interferem na qualidade da semeadura. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de uma semeadora-adubadora sob sistema plantio direto em diferentes coberturas de solo, profundidades de semeadura e velocidades de deslocamento. Os sistemas de coberturas utilizadas foram: solo em pousio, campo nativo e palha de milho em duas profundidades de semeadura (2 e4 cm) e duas velocidades de deslocamento (7 e11 km/h). O estudo foi realizado na área didática e experimental do Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Câmpus Ibirubá. Foram avaliados o corte de palha, a manutenção da cobertura do solo, as sementes expostas, a profundidade de semeadura e a distância entre sementes. Nas condições do experimento a palha de milho apresentou maior resistência ao corte. Verificou-se redução da cobertura do solo na área em pousio na maior velocidade. Na área de campo nativo as sementes permaneceram mais superficialmente. A velocidade de semeadura afeta a distância das sementes na linha, é necessário efetuar a regulagem da semeadora de acordo com as condições da cobertura do solo para se e obter melhor qualidade de semeadura

Physiological performance of wheat seeds treated with micronutrients and protection products during storage

Abstract: Seeds with high quality are one of the important factors to consider in the crops establishment on field. Therefore, the physical and physiological quality of wheat seeds treated with mixes of micronutrients including zinc and protective products were aimed. The wheat seeds were analyzed in a factorial scheme 5x3x4, with five storage time: 0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 days; three micronutrients: micronutrients 1 (1% Mn; 0.1% Mo; 10% Zn); micronutrients 2 (0.3% B; 0.3% Co; 3% Zn) and no micronutrients, and four protective products: untreated seeds, polymer (Colorseed He), fungicide carboxin + thiram (Vitavax® Thiram 200 SC) + insecticide thiamethoxam (Cruiser® 350 FS) and polymer + fungicide + insecticide. After treatment, the seeds were stored under uncontrolled conditions for 240 days and at intervals of 60 days, the germination, accelerated aging and moisture content were determined. Wheat seeds untreated and treated with polymer have the best physiological performance during storage, regardless micronutrients treatments. The wheat seeds treated with carboxin + thiram + thiamethoxam and polymer + carboxin + thiram + thiamethoxam can be storage up to 120 days, under uncontrolled conditions, regardless micronutrients treatments. The seed treatment does not alter the moisture content of wheat seeds

Physiological performance of wheat seeds treated with micronutrients and protection products during storage

<div><p>Abstract: Seeds with high quality are one of the important factors to consider in the crops establishment on field. Therefore, the physical and physiological quality of wheat seeds treated with mixes of micronutrients including zinc and protective products were aimed. The wheat seeds were analyzed in a factorial scheme 5x3x4, with five storage time: 0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 days; three micronutrients: micronutrients 1 (1% Mn; 0.1% Mo; 10% Zn); micronutrients 2 (0.3% B; 0.3% Co; 3% Zn) and no micronutrients, and four protective products: untreated seeds, polymer (Colorseed He), fungicide carboxin + thiram (Vitavax® Thiram 200 SC) + insecticide thiamethoxam (Cruiser® 350 FS) and polymer + fungicide + insecticide. After treatment, the seeds were stored under uncontrolled conditions for 240 days and at intervals of 60 days, the germination, accelerated aging and moisture content were determined. Wheat seeds untreated and treated with polymer have the best physiological performance during storage, regardless micronutrients treatments. The wheat seeds treated with carboxin + thiram + thiamethoxam and polymer + carboxin + thiram + thiamethoxam can be storage up to 120 days, under uncontrolled conditions, regardless micronutrients treatments. The seed treatment does not alter the moisture content of wheat seeds.</p></div