Nutritive value for growing pigs of pekilo protein and torula yeast grown in spent sulphite liquour

The digestibility and nutritive value of pekilo protein (Paecilomyces varioti), and torula yeast (Candida utilis) were determined for four pigs weighing 35—50kg. The proportion of pekilo or torula was 30% of the barley-based diet. The crude fat was determined by the standard ether extraction method and by the HCl-ether method. The first method indicated a low fat content and a highly negative digestibility of fat, but the second showed that the pig is able to digest and absorb a large part of the ether-insoluble fat. The energy value thereby increased 14 % for pekilo and 12 % for torula over those obtained by the conventional ether method. The same energy value was obtained for barley by both methods. The energy values (HCI-ether method) obtained for pekilo and torula were 0.96 and 0.95 F.U./kg DM(F. U. = 0.7 kg starch), or 13.41 and 12.98 MJ ME/kg DM, respectively. The protein values, corrected for nucleic acid nitrogen, were 434 and 358g DCP/kg DM. The only significant difference between pekilo and torula was the DCP value (P< 0.001). The nitrogen balances in the pekilo and torula trials were very high and identical (24.4 and 24.0 g N/d), confirming the value of these feeds as protein supplements to cereal feeds for pigs

Effect of nitrogen fertilization on the protein quality of timothy grass and silage

Timothy grass given N fertilizer at the rates of 40, 80 and 120 kg N/ha was preserved in 3 glass-fibre silos of 0.4 m3. The crude protein content of DM in the grass increased with the increase of N fertilization as follows: N40 14.8 %, N80 18.4 % and N120 22.1 %, but the proportion of true protein in crude protein decreased: N40 82 %, N80 78 % and N120 76 %. The proportion of watersoluble N in the total N in the grass was: N40 27 %, N80 30 % and N120 33 %. The higher was the N fertilization level, the more rapidly was the protein of the grass degraded in the rumen. The amino acid profile of the protein was similar at all the N fertilization levels. The quality of all the silages was good. The NH3-N fraction of total N was 2.8—3.9 % and the proportion of water-soluble N in total N was 51—55 %, In silage the decrease during ensiling in the proportion of true protein in crude protein and the increase in the proportion of water-soluble N in total N were smaller than in the other silages. The rumen degradability of protein during the first two hours was also lowest in this silage

Valkuaisen ja energian suhde lypsylehmien rehussa

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Lihasian rehu: Kuoretonta ohraa verrattiin normaaliohraan

vokKirjasto Aj-

Sulfiittijäteliemessä viljeltyjen kotimaisten mikrobituotteiden rehuarvo lihasialla

The digestibility and nutritive value of pekilo protein (Paecilomyces varioti), and torula yeast (Candida utilis) were determined for four pigs weighing 35—50kg. The proportion of pekilo or torula was 30% of the barley-based diet. The crude fat was determined by the standard ether extraction method and by the HCl-ether method. The first method indicated a low fat content and a highly negative digestibility of fat, but the second showed that the pig is able to digest and absorb a large part of the ether-insoluble fat. The energy value thereby increased 14 % for pekilo and 12 % for torula over those obtained by the conventional ether method. The same energy value was obtained for barley by both methods. The energy values (HCI-ether method) obtained for pekilo and torula were 0.96 and 0.95 F.U./kg DM(F. U. = 0.7 kg starch), or 13.41 and 12.98 MJ ME/kg DM, respectively. The protein values, corrected for nucleic acid nitrogen, were 434 and 358g DCP/kg DM. The only significant difference between pekilo and torula was the DCP value (P< 0.001). The nitrogen balances in the pekilo and torula trials were very high and identical (24.4 and 24.0 g N/d), confirming the value of these feeds as protein supplements to cereal feeds for pigs.Pekilon ja silvan(torula-hiiva) rehuarvo määritettiin neljällä 35—50 kg painoisella lihasialla sulavuuskokeessa, missä perusrehuna oli ohra ja pekiloa tai silvaa oli 30 % dieetistä. Raakarasva määritettiin sekä virallisen rehuanalyysin eetterimenetelmällä että 4 N HCI-keiton jälkeen eetterillä. Edellisellä saatiin matala rasvapitoisuus ja vahvasti negatiivinen sulavuuskerroin. Jälkimmäinen osoitti, että sika pystyy sulattamaan niin paljon eetteriin liukenematonta rasvaa, että HCI-eetterimenetelmällä tulee pekilolle 14 % ja Silvalle 12 % parempi ja nähtävästi oikeampi ry-arvo. Ohralle sen sijaan saatiin sama energia-arvo kummallakin rasvamäärityksellä. Menetelmän tarkistus lienee siten tarpeen vain joillakin erikoisilla rehuilla, kuten juuri mikrobituotteilla. Todetut energia-arvot olivat pekilolle ja Silvalle 0.96 ja 0.95 ry/kg ka tai muuntokelpoisena energiana 13.41 ja 12.98 MJ ME/kg ka. Srv-arvoihin tehtiin nukleiinihappokorjaus, mikä alensi arvoja noin 10%. Korjatut arvot olivat pekilolle 434 ja Silvalle 358 g srv/kg ka. Valkuaisarvo oli ainoa, missä nämä kaksi rehua merkitsevästi poikkesivat toisistaan (

Nutritive value for growing pigs of pekilo protein and torula yeast grown in spent sulphite liquour

vokkirjasto Aj-KSulfiittijäteliemessä viljeltyjen kotimaisten mikrobiotuotteiden rehuarvo lihasiall

Kotimaisten mikrobituotteiden rehuarvo sialla

vokKirjasto Aj-

Typpilannoitustason vaikutus timotein ja siitä valmistetun säilörehun valkuaisen laatuun

Timothy grass given N fertilizer at the rates of 40, 80 and 120 kg N/ha was preserved in 3 glass-fibre silos of 0.4 m3. The crude protein content of DM in the grass increased with the increase of N fertilization as follows: N40 14.8 %, N80 18.4 % and N120 22.1 %, but the proportion of true protein in crude protein decreased: N40 82 %, N80 78 % and N120 76 %. The proportion of watersoluble N in the total N in the grass was: N40 27 %, N80 30 % and N120 33 %. The higher was the N fertilization level, the more rapidly was the protein of the grass degraded in the rumen. The amino acid profile of the protein was similar at all the N fertilization levels. The quality of all the silages was good. The NH3-N fraction of total N was 2.8—3.9 % and the proportion of water-soluble N in total N was 51—55 %, In silage the decrease during ensiling in the proportion of true protein in crude protein and the increase in the proportion of water-soluble N in total N were smaller than in the other silages. The rumen degradability of protein during the first two hours was also lowest in this silage.Vertailtavana oli timotein kolme N lannoitustasoa: 40, 80 ja 120 kg N/ha. Näistä valmistettiin säilörehut 0.4 m3:n lasikuitusiiloihin. Typpilannoitustason noustessa timoteiruohon kuiva-aineen raakavalkuaispitoisuus nousi seuraavasti: N40 14.8%, N80 18.4 % ja N120 22.1 %. Raakavalkuaissato oli eri N lannoitustasoilla N40 285, N80 398 ja N120 447 kg/ha ja kuiva-ainesato vastaavasti N40 1927, N80 2165 ja N120 2023 kg/ha. Typpilannoitustason noustessa puhdasvalkuaisen osuus raakavalkuaisesta laski timoteiruohossa seuraavasti: N40 82 %, N80 78 % ja N120 76 % ja vastaavasti liukoisen typen osuus kokonaistypestä nousi, N40 27 %, N80 30 % ja N120 33 %. Myös timotein valkuaisen pötsihajoavuus lisääntyi timotein typpilannoitustason noustessa. Valkuaisen aminohappokoostumuksessa ei näillä typpilannoitustasoilla ollut eroja. Säilörehut olivat laadultaan hyviä. Rehujen pH oli ≤4, ammoniumtypen osuus oli 22.3.98—3.9 % ja liukoisen typen osuus 51—55 % kokonaistypestä. Säilönnän aikana puhdasvalkuaisen osuus raakavalkuaisesta laski ja liukoisen typen osuus kokonaistypestä nousi vähiten N120 säilörehussa. Myös valkuaisen pötsihajoavuus oli 2 ensimmäisen tunnin aikana matalin tässä rehussa