Lipid peroxidation and glutathione peroxidase activity relationship in breast cancer depends on functional polymorphism of GPX1

Functional SNPs selected for the study. Table S2. Restriction fragment analysis for BRCA1 mutations. Table S3. Oxidative stress parameters in breast cancer cases according to treatment. (DOCX 31 kb

Androgen receptor modulation and bladder cancer prevention – a short review

The prevalence of bladder cancer (BCa) is 4 times higher in men as compared to women, and gender differences have been the focus of attention for few years. Androgen receptor (AR) may be a putative explanation for gender differences. It may also be related to unfavourable BCa progression and development because of the increased androgen sensitivity of urothelium to carcinogens. Moreover, cigarette smoking and occupational exposure to carcinogens have been reported to play contributory roles with the highest attributable risk of BCa. In this review, the authors attempt to summarize the seminal research works that synthesized current understanding of the central role of AR in the negative regulation of carcinogen detoxification activity in BCa. In particular, the authors discuss the regulatory effects of 3,3’-diindolylmethane on AR gene transcription through microRNA as its suggested effect on the prevention of BCa. Moreover, to show the still existing problem of occupational exposure and BCa incidence, the authors review recent studies in this area. Based on the rapidly accumulating scientific evidence, it seems pragmatic that androgen/AR-mediated interference in the detoxification mechanism may be inhibited by phytochemicals. Therefore, collectively, nutrition has a key role as gene–nutrient interactions are important contributors to BCa prevention, also through epigenetic modifications. Here, the authors have derived suggestions for future research. Med Pr. 2022;73(2):151–6

Disruptions of Circadian Genes in Cutaneous Melanoma—An In Silico Analysis of Transcriptome Databases

Circadian genes are a set of genes that regulate the body’s internal clock and influence various physiological processes, including sleep–wake cycles, metabolism and immune function. Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is a type of skin cancer that arises from the pigment-producing cells in the skin and is the most deadly form of skin cancer. This study has investigated the relevance of circadian gene expression and immune infiltrations in the outcomes of cutaneous melanoma patients. In the present study, in silico methods based on the GEPIa, TIMER 2.0 and cBioPortal databases were performed, so as to investigate the transcript level and prognostic value of 24 circadian genes in SKCM and their relationship with the immune infiltration level. The in silico analysis showed that significantly more than half of the investigated circadian genes have an altered transcript pattern in cutaneous melanoma compared to normal skin. The mRNA levels of TIMELES and BHLHE41 were upregulated, whereas those of NFIL3, BMAL1, HLF, TEF, RORA, RORC, NR1D1, PER1, PER2, PER3, CRY2 and BHLHE40 were downregulated. The presented research shows that SKCM patients with at least one alteration of their circadian genes have decreased overall survival. Additionally, majority of the circadian genes are significantly corelated with the immune cells’ infiltration level. The strongest correlation was found for neutrophils and was followed by circadian genes: NR1D2 r = 0.52 p BMAL1 r = 0.509 p CLOCK r = 0.45 p CSNKA1A1 r = 0.45 p RORA r = 0.44 p < 0.0001. The infiltration level of immune cells in skin tumors has been associated with patient prognosis and treatment response. Circadian regulation of immune cell infiltration may further contribute to these prognostic and predictive markers. Examining the correlation between circadian rhythm and immune cell infiltration can provide valuable insights into disease progression and guide personalized treatment decisions

Rotating night work, lifestyle factors, obesity and promoter methylation in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes among nurses and midwives.

Some recent evidence suggests that environmental and lifestyle factors may modify DNA methylation. We hypothesized that rotating night work and several modifiable factors may be associated with the methylation of the promoter regions within two tumor suppressor and DNA repair genes: BRCA1 and BRCA2. The methylation status of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was determined via qMSP reactions using DNA samples derived from blood leucocytes of 347 nurses and midwives working rotating nights and 363 working during the days. The subjects were classified into unmethylated vs methylated BRCA1 and BRCA2 when the methylation index was 0% or >0%, respectively. The adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated for night work status, smoking, obesity, physical activity and alcohol drinking. Current night shift work or night work history was not associated with methylation status of the promoter sites within BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. We observed weak associations between smoking and the methylation status of BRCA1 with OR = 1.50 (95%CI: 0.98-2.29) for current smoking, OR = 1.83, 95CI: 1.08-3.13 for smoking longer than 31 years, and 0.1>p>0.05 for trends for the number of cigarettes per day, smoking duration and packyears. In conclusion, no links between night shift work and methylation of the promoter region within the BRCA1, and BRCA2 genes were observed in this exploratory analysis. The findings of our study weakly support the hypothesis that smoking may contribute to epigenetic events

Transformation and detoxication phenoxyherbicides in environm ent and living organism

The phenoxyherbiddes are commonly used in Poland. In great numbers the herbicides can reach the environment and be accumulated in living organisms. The reactions of the degradations of those herbicides may lead to create many of their derivatives. Some of them may demonstrate greater degree of their toxical action in compare with original substrate. Among many of the toxical effects we should pay special attention to the tumor and mutagen changes which have been observed among organisms (mammals including human being) exposed to the influence of these herbicides. Main participation in the detoxication of discussing compounds possess microorganisms which use them as a source of carbon and energy.Zadanie pt. „Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki” nr 885/P-DUN/2014 dofinansowane zostało ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej naukę