Design of multi-heterojunction organic photovoltaic devices

Organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices have shown great potential as an inexpensive source of renewable energy. There are many factors that affect the efficiency of an OPV device, and understanding them can help the design of new architectures to boost the efficiency towards a commercially viable level. Multijunction OPV devices have been realised as a key route to higher efficiencies. The work presented in this thesis focuses on the design of multi heterojunction OPV devices based upon small molecule organic semiconductors. A small molecule tandem OPV device consisting of two donor materials with complementary absorption spectra, boron subphthalocyanine chloride (SubPc) and aluminium phthalocyanine chloride (ClAlPc) combined with C60 as the acceptor is used as a test device architecture. The recombination layer between the sub-cells was investigated first, with the layer thickness and deposition conditions optimised. Modification of the photoactive layers by co-deposition of the donor and acceptor, and the use of a templating layer is proven to increase the device efficiency. α-NPD co-deposited with MoOx was used as a hole transport and optical spacer layer in single junction and tandem OPV devices. The electrical, optical and morphological properties of the α-NPD and the co-deposited layers are investigated. The hole transporting properties of α-NPD:MoOx are shown in a SubPc / C60 device with the optical spacing properties shown for a ClAlPc:C60 bulk heterojunction (BHJ) device. Implementation of the α-NPD:MoOx optical spacer layer is shown as a tool for current matching in a SubPc:C60 BHJ tandem OPV device. An optical simulation predicts the use of an optical spacer will improve the device performance as it positions the sub-cells in an optimum optical field position for current matching. Experimental results show good agreement with the optical simulation and an improvement in short circuit current (JSC) is shown with the α-NPD:MoOx optical spacer layer. The tandem OPV device is also shown with a larger active area which displays good operational stability characteristics. A multi-heterojunction cascade device was designed using α-sexithiophene (α-6T) as an interfacial layer with phthalocyanine / C60 OPV devices. The α-6T is shown to dissociate excitons in the phthalocyanine layer and contribute to the photocurrent of the device without affecting the phthalocyanine / C60 interface. The dual exciton dissociation in the cascade device leads to an increased JSC compared to the bilayer devices

Corn-meal, middlings, and separator skim-milk for fattening pigs, Bulletin, no. 113

The Bulletin is a publication of the New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire

Survey of Likely Louisiana Voters for 2016 Senate Runoff

The University of New Orleans’ Survey Research Center (SRC) sponsored an automated interactive voice response (IVR) telephone survey of 776 active registered voters in Louisiana on Tuesday, December 6, 2016. We asked likely voters who they preferred in the 2016 Senate runoff election and whether they thought Obamacare should be repealed. The poll shows that the Republican candidate John Kennedy has a comfortable lead over his Democratic challenger, Foster Campbell. We asked respondents whether they believed Obamacare should be repealed. Likely Louisiana voters back the idea of repealing the healthcare law by a two-to-one margin

Survey of Likely Louisiana Voters for 2016 Senate Runoff

The University of New Orleans’ Survey Research Center (SRC) sponsored an automated interactive voice response (IVR) telephone survey of 776 active registered voters in Louisiana on Tuesday, December 6, 2016. We asked likely voters who they preferred in the 2016 Senate runoff election and whether they thought Obamacare should be repealed. The poll shows that the Republican candidate John Kennedy has a comfortable lead over his Democratic challenger, Foster Campbell. We asked respondents whether they believed Obamacare should be repealed. Likely Louisiana voters back the idea of repealing the healthcare law by a two-to-one margin

Little Alabama Coon / music by Hattie Starr; words by Hattie Starr

https://egrove.olemiss.edu/sharris_d/1001/thumbnail.jp

Utilising solution processed zirconium acetylacetonate as an electron extracting layer in both regular and inverted small molecule organic photovoltaic cells

Interfacial layers are commonly employed in organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells in order to improve device performance. These layers must be transparent, stable, be compatible with the photo-active materials and provide efficient charge extraction with a good energetic match to the relevant organic material. In this report we demonstrate the compatibility of zirconium acetylacetonate (ZrAcac) electron extracting layers in both regular and inverted small molecule OPV cells. When the ZrAcac was processed in both air and under N2, low work function (3.9 and 3.7 eV respectively), highly transparent layers were formed, with good energetic alignment to both C60 and hexachlorinated boron subphthalocyanine chloride (Cl6-SubPc) acceptors. Initial measurements indicate similar stabilities when using the ZrAcac in either device architecture. These results indicate that the ZrAcac layer can be used as a direct replacement for the commonly used bathocuproine (BCP) in small molecule OPV cells

2015 Louisiana Gubernatorial Runoff Survey

The University of New Orleans Survey Research Center (SRC) conducted a statewide telephone poll of 600 likely voters in Louisiana. Telephone numbers were selected at random from a sample frame of likely voters. A likely voter is defined as an individual who has voted at least three times in the last five statewide elections. Interviews were conducted November 2-8, 2015. The combined landline and cell phone sample matches the gender, age, and race parameters from the voter file obtained from the Louisiana Secretary of State. The margin of error is +/- 4.0 percent at a 95% level of confidence

2015 Louisiana Governor Election Poll

The University of New Orleans Survey Research Center, in association with the software company Lucid, has released the results of a statewide opt-in Internet poll that gauges voter preferences in Saturday’s primary election for governor of Louisiana. The poll surveyed 623 registered voters from Oct. 14-19, 2015. The poll shows that Republican David Vitter has a slight lead over Democratic candidate John Bel Edwards. Two other Republicans, Jay Dardenne and Scott Angelle, lag behind the top two candidates by double-digits

2015 Louisiana Governor Election Poll

The University of New Orleans Survey Research Center, in association with the software company Lucid, has released the results of a statewide opt-in Internet poll that gauges voter preferences in Saturday’s primary election for governor of Louisiana. The poll surveyed 623 registered voters from Oct. 14-19, 2015. The poll shows that Republican David Vitter has a slight lead over Democratic candidate John Bel Edwards. Two other Republicans, Jay Dardenne and Scott Angelle, lag behind the top two candidates by double-digits

2016 Survey of Registered Republicans for Louisiana Presidential Primary

The University of New Orleans’ Survey Research Center sponsored an automated telephone survey of active registered Republican voters in Louisiana Wednesday March 2, 2016. The sample for the survey was randomly selected from all active registered Republicans in the state. The respondent sample of 1,874 yields a 2.26% margin of error at a 95% level of confidence. The sample matches the gender, age, race, and regional parameters from the voter file obtained from the Louisiana Secretary of State