28 research outputs found
Multiresistant coagulase-negative staphylococci disseminate frequently between intubated patients in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit
INTRODUCTION: The intensive care unit is burdened with a high frequency of nosocomial infections often caused by multiresistant nosocomial pathogens. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are reported to be the third causative agent of nosocomial infections and the most frequent cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections. CoNS are a part of the normal microflora of skin but can also colonize the nasal mucosa, the lower airways and invasive devices. The main aim of the present study was to investigate colonization and the rate of cross-transmissions of CoNS between intubated patients in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty consecutive patients, ventilated for at least 3 days, were included. Samples were collected from the upper and lower airways. All samples were cultured quantitatively and CoNS were identified by morphology and biochemical tests. A total of 199 CoNS isolates from 17 patients were genetically fingerprinted by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis in order to identify clones and to monitor dissemination within and between patients. RESULTS: An unexpected high number of transmission events were detected. Five genotypes were each isolated from two or more patients, and 14/20 patients were involved in at least one and up to eight probable transmission events. CONCLUSIONS: A frequent transmission of CoNS was found between patients in the intensive care unit. Although transmission of bacteria does not necessarily lead to infection, it is nevertheless an indication that infection control measures can be improved
Bloodstream Isolates of Enterococcus faecium Enriched with the Enterococcal Surface Protein Gene, esp, Show Increased Adhesion to Eukaryotic Cells
Infection-derived Enterococcus faecium strains enriched with esp had increased ability to adhere to Caco-2 cells (P < 0.05) and were less genetically diverse than esp-negative isolates. esp-negative E. faecium fecal isolates from healthy individuals adhered significantly better than esp-negative infection isolates (P < 0.05), indicating additional factors of importance to adhesion
FörÀldrastilars betydelse för svenska gymnasieungdomars empatiska förmÄga
FörÀldrar kan ha olika typer av uppfostringsstil gentemot sina barn: auktoritÀr, auktoritativ och slÀpphÀnt. Den auktoritativa förÀldrastilen har enligt tidigare forskning visat sig pÄverka sannolikheten för hög empati hos barnen. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka betydelsen av olika förÀldrastilar för individens empatiska förmÄga. En enkÀtstudie utfördes med en kombination av ett mÀtinstrument för förÀldrastilar, Parental Styles Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ) samt en för empati, A Questionnaire Measure of Emotional Empathy (QMEE). Deltagarna var 191 gymnasiestudenter frÄn tre olika skolor i Mellansverige. Resultatet visade att förÀldrastil har betydelse för empati, men endast den auktoritativa förÀldrastilen visade sig ha ett signifikant samband med empati, sÀrskilt hos mÀn. Detta tolkades som att ju mer auktoritativa förÀldrarna Àr desto mer sannolikt Àr det att barn har en hög nivÄ av empati
Inducible Metronidazole Resistance and nim Genes in Clinical Bacteroides fragilis Group Isolates
Nitroimidazole resistance (nim) genes were detected in 2% of 1,502 clinical Bacteroides fragilis group strains isolated from 19 European countries, and a novel nim gene was identified. High metronidazole resistance could be induced in nim-positive strains, which emphasizes the importance of acknowledging metronidazole resistance in the clinical setting