Thermoresponsive Nanogels Based on Different Polymeric Moieties for Biomedical Applications

Nanogels, or nanostructured hydrogels, are one of the most interesting materials in biomedical engineering. Nanogels are widely used in medical applications, such as in cancer therapy, targeted delivery of proteins, genes and DNAs, and scaffolds in tissue regeneration. One salient feature of nanogels is their tunable responsiveness to external stimuli. In this review, thermosensitive nanogels are discussed, with a focus on moieties in their chemical structure which are responsible for thermosensitivity. These thermosensitive moieties can be classified into four groups, namely, polymers bearing amide groups, ether groups, vinyl ether groups and hydrophilic polymers bearing hydrophobic groups. These novel thermoresponsive nanogels provide effective drug delivery systems and tissue regeneration constructs for treating patients in many clinical applications, such as targeted, sustained and controlled release

Thermoresponsive Nanogels Based on Different Polymeric Moieties for Biomedical Applications

Nanogels, or nanostructured hydrogels, are one of the most interesting materials in biomedical engineering. Nanogels are widely used in medical applications, such as in cancer therapy, targeted delivery of proteins, genes and DNAs, and scaffolds in tissue regeneration. One salient feature of nanogels is their tunable responsiveness to external stimuli. In this review, thermosensitive nanogels are discussed, with a focus on moieties in their chemical structure which are responsible for thermosensitivity. These thermosensitive moieties can be classified into four groups, namely, polymers bearing amide groups, ether groups, vinyl ether groups and hydrophilic polymers bearing hydrophobic groups. These novel thermoresponsive nanogels provide effective drug delivery systems and tissue regeneration constructs for treating patients in many clinical applications, such as targeted, sustained and controlled release

A Comparative Study of Reflections of Resistance in the Poetry of Malek-o-Shoara Bahar and Amal Donqol

Resistance literature is usually created in the conditions of oppression, inner despotism, lack of social and individual freedom, defiance of law, and foreign aggression. Since the old times to the period of Constitutionalism in Iran, and the contemporary Arab Movement, Iran and Egypt have produced valuable works in resistance literature due to their outstanding resistance to indoor injustice, foreign aggression and cultural attacks. In Iran, resistance literature has a flourishing in Constitutionalism era, and poets like Mirzadeh Eshghi, Seyed Ashrafodin Gilani, Aref Ghazvini, Farokhi Yazdi, and Bahar are the most active in this field; as for the contemporary Egyptian-Arabic Movement, poets like Hafez Ebrahim, Marouf Al-Rassafi, Mohammad Mahdi Al-Javaheri, Mahmoud Darvish, Ebrahim Toqan, and Amal Donqol are among the celebrated ones. Malek-o-Shoara Bahar and Amal Donqol are political and liberal elite poets of Iran and Egypt who fought culturally against autarchy and colonizers. Based on the American school of comparative criticism, this study tries to illustrate resistance literature during Constitutionalism era in Iran, and the era of the Arab Movement

Preparation of Chitosan Nanoparticles Loaded by Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate: Chitosan nanoparticles loaded by dexamethasone

Biodegradable nanoparticulate carriers, have important potential applications for administration of therapeutic molecules. Chitosan based nanoparticles have attracted a lot of attention upon their biological properties such as biodegradability, biocom-patibility and bioadhesivity. The aim of the present investigation was to describe the synthesis and characterization of novel biodegradable nanoparticles based on chitosan for encapsulation of dexamethasone sodium phosphate. To achieve this objective, ionic gelation method were used. Drug containing nanoparticles were prepared with different amounts of drug. The mean size and size distribution of nanoparticles were measured by dynamic laser light scattering. The mean particle size, varied in the range of 250-350 nm. Values of loading capacity and loading efficiency varied between 33.7%-72.2% and 44.5%-76.0% for prepared nanoparticles

Aligned and random nanofibrous nanocomposite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Abstract  Aligned and random nanocomposite nanofibrous scaffolds were electrospun from polycaprolactone (PCL), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHA). The morphology and mechanical characteristics of the nanofibers were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and tensile testing, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy revealed fibers with an average diameter of 123 ± 32 nm and 339 ± 107 nm for aligned and random nanofibers, respectively. The mechanical data indicated the higher tensile strength and elastic modulus of aligned nanofibers. The in vitro biocompatibility of aligned and random nanofibrous scaffolds was also assessed by growing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and investigating the proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) on different nanofibrous scaffolds. Our  findings  showed  that  the  alignment  orientation  of  nanofibers  enhanced  the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. The in vitro results showed that the aligned biocomposite nanofibrous scaffolds of PCL/nHA/PVA could be a potential substrate for tissue engineering applications, especially in the field of artificial bone implant