Black Lives and Bodywork Matters: A Post- Colonial Critique of Gender and Embodiment in Nigeria

Drawing on the theories of ‘womanism’ and ‘African feminism’, this paper explores the concept of embodiment within an African context. More specifically, we focus on exploring the lived experiences of Nigerian women in male-dominated organisations (sector) to provide an in-depth understanding of the dynamics of how the Nigerian society marginalises qualities and aspects of embodiment and disembodiment of women. Based on 39 interviews, our findings reveal that cultural and social practices significantly influence the concept of gendered embodiment in the Nigerian context. We further highlight the spatialised dynamic of the religious, ethical, and classed identity formations, and the multiplicities of violence experienced on African women’s bodies every day. Using a feminist standpoint as a lens, we highlight the practice and relevance of social constructivism in understanding the concept of spatialised embodiment in a Nigerian context. We emphasise the complexity and diversity in African feminisms as we highlight the multiplicities of difference in understanding African experiences. Additionally, we emphasise that men are part of the social construct, and hence cannot be left out of the story, given that their influence and perceptions provide further insight into the concept of gendered embodiment and existing marginalisation of and discrimination against women

Long-Term Survival With Tafamidis in Patients With Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy

BACKGROUND: Tafamidis is approved in many countries for the treatment of transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy. This study reports data on the long-term efficacy of tafamidis from an ongoing long-term extension (LTE) to the pivotal ATTR-ACT (Tafamidis in Transthyretin Cardiomyopathy Clinical Trial). METHODS: Patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy who completed ATTR-ACT could enroll in an LTE, continuing with the same tafamidis dose or, if previously treated with placebo, randomized (2:1) to tafamidis meglumine 80 or 20 mg. All patients in the LTE transitioned to tafamidis free acid 61 mg (bioequivalent to tafamidis meglumine 80 mg) following a protocol amendment. In this interim analysis, all-cause mortality was assessed in patients treated with tafamidis meglumine 80 mg in ATTR-ACT continuing in the LTE, compared with those receiving placebo in ATTR-ACT transitioning to tafamidis in the LTE. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 58.5 months in the continuous tafamidis group (n=176) and 57.1 months in the placebo to tafamidis group (n=177). There were 79 (44.9%) deaths with continuous tafamidis and 111 (62.7%) with placebo to tafamidis (hazard ratio, 0.59 [95% CI, 0.44-0.79]; P<0.001). Mortality was also reduced in the continuous tafamidis (versus placebo to tafamidis) subgroups of: variant transthyretin amyloidosis (0.57 [0.33-0.99]; P=0.05) and wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis (0.61 [0.43-0.87]; P=0.006); and baseline New York Heart Association class I and II (0.56 [0.38-0.82]; P=0.003) and class III (0.65 [0.41-1.01]; P=0.06). CONCLUSIONS: In the LTE, patients initially treated with tafamidis in ATTR-ACT had substantially better survival than those first treated with placebo, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and treatment in transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT01994889 and NCT02791230

Long-term survival in people with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy who took tafamidis: A Plain Language Summary

WHAT IS THIS PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY ABOUT?: This summary presents the results from an ongoing, long-term extension study that followed an earlier study called ATTR-ACT. People who took part in this extension study and ATTR-ACT have a type of heart disease known as transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM for short), which causes heart failure and death. In ATTR-ACT, people took either a medicine called tafamidis or a placebo (a pill that looks like the study drug but does not contain any active ingredients) for up to 2½ years. So far, in the long-term extension study, people have continued taking tafamidis, or switched from taking a placebo to tafamidis, for another 2½ years. Researchers looked at how many people died in ATTR-ACT and the extension study. The long-term extension study is expected to end in 2027, so these are interim (not final) results. WHAT DID RESEARCHERS FIND OUT?: In the extension study of ATTR-ACT, the risk of dying was lower in people who took tafamidis continuously throughout ATTR-ACT and the extension study than in people who took placebo in ATTR-ACT and switched to tafamidis in the extension study. WHAT DO THE RESULTS MEAN?: Taking tafamidis increases how long people with ATTR-CM live. People with ATTR-CM who take tafamidis early and continuously are more likely to live longer than those who do not. These results highlight the importance of early detection and treatment in people with ATTR-CM. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT01994889 (ClinicalTrials.gov) Clinical Trial Registration: NCT02791230 (ClinicalTrials.gov)

Antecedents and Outcomes of Managing Diversity in a UK Context: Test of a Mediation Model

Extant research on diversity management has primarily examined the main effects of diversity management practices on outcomes from an organizational perspective. Meta-analysis in this field corroborates the conclusion that this approach is unable to account for the outcomes of diversity management effectively. The current study extends the literature by examining organizational antecedents of diversity management practices (DMP). This study also examines the mediating influences of perception of overall justice (POJ) and social exchange with organization (SEWO) on the relationships between DMP and work outcomes of career satisfaction and turnover intention. Results of data obtained from a cross section of 191 minority employees in UK revealed: (i) the reasons why organisations adopted and implemented DMP influenced employees’ outcomes of turnover intention and career satisfaction; (ii) the relationship between diversity management and social exchange with organization is mediated by perception of overall justice; (iii) social exchange with organization relates to increased career satisfaction; and (iv) DMP related positively to career satisfaction through perception of overall justice and SEWO

1169Interim analysis of data from a long-term, extension trial of tafamidis meglumine in patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy

Abstract Background Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM), is an underdiagnosed, fatal disease caused by the deposition of transthyretin amyloid fibrils in the heart leading to heart failure. The Transthyretin Cardiomyopathy Clinical Trial (ATTR-ACT), an international, multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study, demonstrated the efficacy and safety of tafamidis treatment for patients with ATTR-CM due to variant (ATTRm) or wild-type (ATTRwt) TTR. Purpose This is a pooled analysis of data from ATTR-ACT and interim data from the ongoing, long-term, extension study to evaluate longer term data on the efficacy of tafamidis in patients with ATTR-CM. Methods Patients who completed ATTR-ACT (which had a duration of 30 months) were eligible to be enrolled in a long-term, extension study in which patients either continued to receive tafamidis meglumine at the same dose (the tafamidis/tafamidis [T/T] group) or, for patients previously treated with placebo, were randomised (in a 1:2 ratio) to tafamidis meglumine 20 mg or 80 mg (the placebo/tafamidis [P/T] group) for up to 60 months. The primary efficacy outcome was all-cause mortality. This analysis combined data from the completed ATTR-ACT with interim data from the extension study (cut-off date: 15 Feb, 2018), and included patients treated with tafamidis meglumine across the two studies with a median follow up of 36 months. Results All-cause mortality was significantly lower in the T/T group (n=264; 88 events, 33.3%) compared with the P/T group (n=177; 88 events, 50.3%); hazard ratio (95% CI), 0.64 (0.47, 0.85); P=0.001. In the subgroup of ATTRwt patients, all-cause mortality was significantly reduced in the T/T group (55/201; 27.4%) compared with the P/T group (60/134; 44.8%); 0.64 (0.44, 0.92); P=0.002. In the 106 (24.0%) ATTRm patients, there was a trend towards a reduction in all-cause mortality in the T/T group (33/63; 52.4%) compared with the P/T group (29/43; 67.4%); 0.66 (0.39, 1.09); P=0.17. In patients who were NYHA Class I or II at baseline, all-cause mortality was significantly reduced in the T/T group (38/186; 20.4%) compared with the P/T group (45/114; 39.5%); 0.49 (0.32, 0.75); P=0.001. In those patients with more severe symptoms at baseline (NYHA Class III), there were fewer deaths in the T/T group (50/78; 64.1%) compared with the P/T group (44/63; 69.8%); 0.80 (0.53, 1.21), but this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.50). Conclusions In ATTR-ACT, tafamidis was shown to significantly improve survival, functional capacity, and quality of life in patients with ATTR-CM. This pooled analysis with data from the ongoing extension study further supports the efficacy of tafamidis in patients over a longer period of time and the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. Acknowledgement/Funding This study was sponsored by Pfizer

Long-term survival in people with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy who took tafamidis: A Plain Language Summary

This summary presents the results from an ongoing, long-term extension study that followed an earlier study called ATTR-ACT. People who took part in this extension study and ATTR-ACT have a type of heart disease known as transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM for short), which causes heart failure and death. In ATTR-ACT, people took either a medicine called tafamidis or a placebo (a pill that looks like the study drug but does not contain any active ingredients) for up to 2½ years. So far, in the long-term extension study, people have continued taking tafamidis, or switched from taking a placebo to tafamidis, for another 2½ years. Researchers looked at how many people died in ATTR-ACT and the extension study. The long-term extension study is expected to end in 2027, so these are interim (not final) results. In the extension study of ATTR-ACT, the risk of dying was lower in people who took tafamidis continuously throughout ATTR-ACT and the extension study than in people who took placebo in ATTR-ACT and switched to tafamidis in the extension study. Taking tafamidis increases how long people with ATTR-CM live. People with ATTR-CM who take tafamidis early and continuously are more likely to live longer than those who do not. These results highlight the importance of early detection and treatment in people with ATTR-CM. : NCT01994889 (ClinicalTrials.gov) : NCT02791230 (ClinicalTrials.gov)