Impact of Globalisation on Industrial Relations

Globalisation means intensified competition, the transfer of investments, production relocation outside of Europe, job losses, unemployment and rapid structural changes. European labour markets are characterised as relatively rigid, with high social security and strong industrial relations (IR). The aim of this study is to find out, how the social partners, governments and researchers interpret the challenges of globalisation on future developments of industrial relations. The research is based on expert foresight survey where IR experts from 34 countries were interviewed. The project looked to the future, to the year 2025 and discussed on what industrial relations and social dialogue would look like after fifteen-twenty years. The main findings convinced that decentralisation of collective bargaining is expected in old member states, while the situation will remain unchanged in majority of the new member states. We can conclude that European level convergence is expected in the area of industrial relation

Regional Input on Eastward Enlargement of the Eurozone: Labour Markets

Statistics on Labour markets, Regional Input, Labour migration, Wage flexibility

The Paradox of the Baltic States: Labour Market Flexibility but Protected Workers?

This article assesses the strictness of employment protection legislation and its actual enforcement in the Baltic States. We use information from the applicable legislation as well as employer surveys, data on the coverage of labour legislation and the practice of law enforcement. Overall strictness is close to the average of EU countries and relatively well aligned with EU regulations; individual and collective dismissals are relatively heavily and temporary forms of employment relatively weakly regulated. However, effective flexibility is increased by problems of enforcement: there is much evidence of violations of statutory regulations at enterprise level. In addition, the proportion of the workforce actually covered by the regulations is relatively low. In the Baltic States temporary employment is more widespread, implying a higher level of flexibility than the EU average

Overlap Between Industrial Niching and Workplace Segregation: Role of Immigration Policy, Culture and Country of Origin

This article focuses on two dimensions of labour market integration, sorting into different industries (niching) and sorting into workplace establishments (segregation) by share of migrant workers. We seek to understand to what degree these two dimensions of immigrants' lack of labour market integration - niching and segregation - overlap with each other. The study is based on Finnish individual, panel and relational registry data, and we focus on the three largest immigrant groups - Estonians, Russians and Swedes - who have arrived from countries with different wealth levels to the Helsinki metropolitan area. By applying generalised structural equation modelling, we estimate industrial niching and workplace segregation - measured as a degree of overconcentration of immigrants in particular industries and workplace establishments, respectively - jointly. Our main findings show a strong overlap between niching and segregation for all ethnic groups. Segregation and niching levels are the highest among Estonians, but very similar for Russians and Swedes. These findings do not support the cultural similarity argument in immigrant labour market integration. Rather, immigration policy and origin country wealth level may be determinant. Additionally, we found that females are more likely than males to be employed simultaneously in niched industries and segregated workplace establishments, supporting the thesis of gender-based networks

Sissejuhatus majandusteooriasse

Kopeerimine ja printimine lubatudhttp://www.ester.ee/record=b2073058*es

Eesti kõrgkoolide 2009. aasta vilistlaste uuring

Konkreetse vajaduse Tartu Ülikooli sotsiaalteaduslike rakendusuuringute keskuse (RAKE) poolt läbiviidud 2009. aastal kõrgkooli lõpetanute uuringu järele tingis tõsiasi, et täna puudub sügavam teadmine lõpetanute eriala- ja tööalastest valikutest, õpingute ajal töötamise põhjustest, töökohal nõutavate ja kõrgkoolis õpetatavate oskuste kattuvusest, lõpetajate probleemidest tööturule siirdumisel ja seal hakkamasaamisel. Selle tühimiku täitmine ongi käesoleva vilistlasuuringu eesmärgiks. Seni on eelkõige analüüsitud haridusastmete ning palga omavahelisi seoseid, kuid seejuures pole eristatud erinevate erialade lõpetanuid ning analüüsid on sageli pinnapealsed.http://www.ut.ee/sites/default/files/www_ut/vilistlane2009.pd

Eesti puidusektori tööjõuvajaduse prognoos aastateks 2005-2015

Käesolev uurimus on jätkuks majandusteaduskonna ja haridus- ning teadusministeeriumi vahelisest koostööst, mille käigus on analüüsitud haridussüsteemi vastavust tööturu vajadustele. Käesoleva projekti raames vaadeldi majandust haru/majandusklastri tasandil - puidusektoris. Puidusektori kiire arengust viimase 10 aasta jooksul annab tunnistust nii kasvanud hõive kui suurenenud osakaal SKP-s. Käeolevas uurimuses me vaatame puidusektorit nelja valdkonna lõikes, need on metsamajandus, puidutöötlemine, paberitööstus ja mööblitööstus

Financial Participation of Employees in Estonia

Presently, legal regulation of participation of employees – financial participation as well as participation in decision-making – is not well developed in Estonia. On the one hand, it is due to the fact that no tradition of employee participation could have been formed after Estonia became independent because different, contrary political aims, e.g. development of the free-market economy and promotion of national elites, were given priority. Although employee ownership emerged during the early stage of privatization, it was a temporary phenomenon. Earlier experience with employee participation in decision-making was considered to be a relict from the time under Soviet rule and, therefore, to be discredited and not worth following. On the other hand, the solution of current employment and social problems is not associated with a higher level of participation of employees

Support for Evolution in the Knowledge-Based Economy: Demand for PhDs in Estonia

Abstract The doctoral workforce globally constitutes a rather small segment of the labour market. However, PhDs provide crucial input for educational and R&D activities, traditionally through employment in academia, and nowadays increasingly in the public and private sectors. This paper aims to estimate the need for new PhDs in the Estonian academic, public, and private sectors for the period 2007-2012. Need in the academic and public sectors is estimated by a survey of employers (e.g. universities, research institutes, ministries); private sector need is derived from forecasted R&D expenditure in the business sector. Results show that expected demand for PhDs is significantly lower in the public and private sectors than in academia. Total demand over all three sectors is rather high, annually more than 10% of the number of PhDs, caused both by high replacement demand from upcoming retirements and by growth demand. The policy implication of our results is that planned increase in PhDs should correspond with other developments in educational and R&D policy. JEL Classification: I2, J4, 0

Overlap between industrial niching and workplace segregation: Role of immigration policy, culture and country of origin

Abstract:  This article focuses on two dimensions of labour market integration, sorting into different industries (niching) and sorting into workplace establishments (segregation) by share of migrant workers. We seek to understand to what degree these two dimensions of immigrants’ lack of labour market integration—niching and segregation—overlap with each other. The study is based on Finnish individual, panel and relational registry data, and we focus on the three largest immigrant groups—Estonians, Russians and Swedes—who have arrived from countries with different wealth levels to the Helsinki metropolitan area. By applying generalised structural equation modelling, we estimate industrial niching and workplace segregation—measured as a degree of overconcentration of immigrants in particular industries and workplace establishments, respectively—jointly. Our main findings show a strong overlap between niching and segregation for all ethnic groups. Segregation and niching levels are the highest among Estonians, but very similar for Russians and Swedes. These findings do not support the cultural similarity argument in immigrant labour market integration. Rather, immigration policy and origin country wealth level may be determinant. Additionally, we found that females are more likely than males to be employed simultaneously in niched industries and segregated workplace establishments, supporting the thesis of gender-based networks.Keywords:  country of origin wealth level; immigration; labour market; niching; segregation</p