Téléphone et Systèmes d'Information en Conduite Automobile - Synthèse de l'enquête TSICA 2016

Synthèse des résultats de l'enquête à grande échelle TSICA 2016 sur les usages du téléphone au volan

Quelle relation à la sécurité routière chez les conducteurs ? Analyse des données ESRA1 et 2 pour la France

2e Rencontres Francophones Transport Mobilité (RFTM), MONTREAL, QUEBEC, CANADA, 11-/06/2019 - 13/06/2019A côté de son intérêt pour la comparaison des données entre pays, les données fournies par l'enquête ESRA permettent aussi d'analyser, sur un échantillon représentatif de la population, les relations entre les différentes variables mobilisées. L'objectif de cette communication est de proposer une analyse approfondie des données de l'enquête ESRA de 2015 pour la France

Baromètre TSICA 2017 - Synthèse

Synthèse des principaux résultats du baromètre TSICA sur les usages du téléphone au volant - Version 201

Téléphone et Systèmes d'Information en Conduite Automobile - Résultats de l'enquête à grande échelle

Si les conséquences de l'usage du téléphone sur la conduite sont aujourd'hui bien connues, l'évolution extrêmement rapide de l'offre téléphonique génère des pratiques qui le sont beaucoup moins. L'étude TSICA, financée par la Fondation MAIF, a été réalisée par l'IFSTTAR pour les décrire et les quantifier. Des groupes de discussion ont permis de recenser les usages, de les expliquer et de mieux comprendre ce que représente l'objet téléphone, comment et pourquoi il s'introduit dans les véhicules. Puis, une enquête en ligne a été administrée auprès de 3 189 personnes représentatives de la population française (méthode des quotas). Sur les 2 843 conducteurs issus de l'échantillon, 1 081 (38%) ont déclaré utiliser au moins de temps en temps leur téléphone en conduisant

Driving anxiety and anxiolytics while driving: Their impacts on behaviour and cognition behind the wheel

Introduction: The interaction between road safety and drivers’ mental health is an important issue to take into consideration on transportation and safety research. The present review deals specifically with the link between anxiety and driving activity from two complementary points of view. Method: A systematic review into primary studies, following the PRISMA statement, was carried out in four databases: Scopus, Web of Science, Transport Research International Documentation and Pubmed. A total of 29 papers were retained. On the one hand, we present a systematic review of research articles exploring the cognitive and behavioural effects of driving anxiety, regardless its onset, when concerned people have to drive. The second goal of the review is to compile the available literature on the influence of legal drugs, which are used to fight against anxiety, on actual driving tasks. Results: Eighteen papers have been retained for the first question, whose main findings show that exaggerated cautious driving, negative feelings and avoidance are associated with driving anxiety. Most of the conclusions were drawn from self-reported questionnaires and little is known about the effects in situ. Concerning the second question, benzodiazepines are the most studied legal drugs. They affect different attentional processes and could slow reaction times down depending on the population and treatment features. Conclusions: The two standpoints included in the present work allow us to propose some possible lines of research to study certain aspects that have not been explored in depth about people who either feel apprehensive about driving or who drive under the effects of anxiolytics. Practical applications: The study on driving anxiety may be crucial to estimate the consequences for traffic safety. Furthermore, it is relevant to design effective campaigns to raise awareness about the issues discussed. To propose standard evaluations of driving anxiety and exhaustive research works to find out the extent of anxiolytics use are also important to be considered for traffic policies

Gender Issues. ESRA2 Thematic report Nr. XXX

The purpose of this thematic report on gender issues is to explore the cultural effect on gender differences in reported risky behaviours while driving. This ESRA thematic report analyses gender differences in self-reported data on driving behaviour, attitudes and beliefs, comparing countries and regions. The four regions based on a geographical criterion, were used to distinguish potential cultural differences on a meso-level, while gender differences were also investigated on a microlevel, by analysing the differences by country. For the sake of brevity and clarity, data from the same hypothetical psychological construct available in the ESRA questionnaire were grouped together into aggregate scores. The scores of men and women were compared at the level of each country and region. The focus was on the items concerning psychological constructs on which we can expect gender differences, according to literature: self-declared and acceptability of unsafe behaviours, self-efficacy, perceived safety, road safety policy support, risk perception, number of crashes, social desirability and compliance intention, law perception, descriptive norms, enforcement, and perception of automated vehicles

The quiet passenger: cognitions, avoidance, and onset among people with driving anxiety

Anxiety over driving can have consequences for road safety and individual well-being. This area is under-researched in Australia, despite international research suggesting that most drivers experience some level of anxiety over driving. This study aimed to contribute to the understanding of driving anxiety by 1) confirming the factor structure of two questionnaires designed to understand the concerns (Driving Cognitions Questionnaire: DCQ) and avoidance behaviours (Driving and Riding Avoidance Scale: DRAS); 2) providing evidence of anxiety manifestations in Australian drivers, and 3) understanding whether these differ according to the initial onset of this anxiety. A total of 1,600 people (77% females; age ranging from 18 to 89 [M = 27.92; ± 13.49], 75% licenced, 20% learning, 5% unlicenced) in Australia who identified as having ?some? level of anxiety over driving, completed an online questionnaire regarding their anxiety. Confirmatory Factor Analyses showed the two-factor structure of the DRAS (general and traffic avoidance; and weather and riding avoidance) and the two-factor structure of the DCQ (crash-related concerns and social and panic related concerns) best fit the data. The most common anxiety onsets were crash involvement (14%), knowing someone who had been in a crash (9%) and due to criticism from others (9%). While no differences emerged between these groups on avoidance behaviour nor on crash concerns, social and panic concerns were higher for the criticism onset group. The results demonstrate difference sources of anxiety and provide evidence of the importance of interactions with passengers in determining how a driver feels about the driving task. Practical implicationsAvenues for the reduction or avoidance of anxiety are proposed. These include better awareness and education for drivers regarding the importance of positive interactions and/or well as better journey management to avoid triggers of anxiety

The impacts of anxiety over driving on self-reported driving avoidance, work performance and quality of life

Aims and background: Anxiety over driving is under-researched in Australia. Studies conducted in New Zealand and France have shown this type of anxiety has negative impacts on mobility, work performance and perceived quality of work as well as perceived quality of life. The aim of this study was to examine these relationships using a sample of drivers in Australia. Methods: A total of 535 people (average age 25 ± 10 years) completed an online questionnaire assessing level of anxiety over driving, worrisome thoughts about driving and avoidance behaviours. Questions regarding quality of life and work were also included. Respondents were classified into three anxiety groups: extremely (13.5%), moderately (55%) or mildly (31.5%) anxious over driving. Results: The three groups significantly differed across all measures. For example, driver anxiety negatively impacted work performance and perceived quality of work life. These negative impacts were significantly higher for the extremely anxious group compared to the moderately or mildly anxious group. The largest reported impact of anxiety overdriving was on perceived quality of life, with all groups reporting the most impact in this area; and with extremely anxious again having the highest scores. Extremely anxious drivers also reported more frequent negative thoughts about driving and avoidance of driving when possible, when compared to those with mild and moderate anxiety. Conclusions: These findings highlight the broader detrimental effects of anxiety over driving that may often be overlooked in driving research

Avoidance and personal and occupational quality of life in French people with driving anxiety

Driving anxiety can have a significant impact on one's quality of life, particularly for those who experience intense levels. However, to date there are limited data about the perceived impact of driving anxiety on occupational life, and driving anxiety remains under-researched in France. To address this gap, an online survey assessing self-reported driving anxiety, how it manifests and its links with some aspects of personal and occupational life was designed. The survey was administered in France to respondents who identified as experiencing driving anxiety. Responses were obtained from 304 people aged 18 years or older. In the sample, 32.2%, 44.7% and 23% respectively reported mild, moderate and extreme levels of driving anxiety. In the extremely anxious group, males were under-represented, whereas people aged 35-44 and unlicensed drivers were over-represented. People who were unemployed (excluding students and retired people), reported that their anxiety had been a barrier to getting a job and a high percentage of these respondents had also previously considered leaving a position because of their anxiety. Respondents also reported their anxiety had a negative impact on their perceived quality of life in general. People who categorised as extremely anxious reported a negative impact four times higher than those in the mildly anxious group.The results highlight for the first time the perceived impact of driving anxiety on daily and occupational life in a French population. Further, the results demonstrate the importance of distinguishing between moderately and extremely anxious drivers as the intensity level has differential impacts on personal and work life quality

Hemodynamic responses to visual cues during attentive listening in autonomous versus manual simulated driving: A pilot study

Emerging automation technologies could have a strong impact on the allocation of drivers' attentional resources. The first objective of this pilot study is to investigate the hemodynamic responses evoked to relevant visual stimuli in manual and autonomous driving. The second aim is to examine how the inclusion of a secondary task (attentive listening to a broadcast) modulates these hemodynamic responses in both driving situations. Frontal, temporo-parietal and occipital activations were recorded using a functional Near-InfraRed Spectroscopy (fNIRS) system. Event-related analysis was used to determine whether visual cue processing (specifically, the lighting of a lead vehicle's brake-lights) could induce different brain responses depending on the driving mode and on the presence or absence of a competing task. Mind-wandering as reported by the participants was more pronounced during autonomous compared to manual driving. Our results showed an increase in the OxyHb concentration in the right temporo-parietal and occipital areas during manual compared to autonomous driving, suggesting greater allocation of attentional resources for processing visual cues in the first condition. Finally, an event-related decrease in right frontal activity during autonomous driving when listening was observed, suggesting that attentional resources were more focused on the secondary task than on monitoring the driving scene