Spatial dependence in the growth process and implications for convergence rate: evidence on Vietnamese provinces

Existing studies on Vietnamese provinces (e.g., Anwar and Nguyen, 2010) tend to assume that province-specific growth is independent of that in its neighbours. However, many studies analysing regional economic growth in China, Brazil and Mexico report the existence of spatial spill-over effects. This paper investigates whether this is the case for 60 Vietnamese provinces for the time-period 1999-2010, using a system-GMM estimator and a Solow growth model augmented with human and physical capital and spatial lag covariates. We report that spatial dependence is a significant determinant of growth and conditional convergence in Vietnamese provinces. We also demonstrate that the rate of convergence decreases as the distance between neighbouring provinces increases. Given these findings, we recommend testing for spatial dependence in growth models for Vietnam and beyond to avoid omitted variable bias and inform evidence-based regional policies that take account of spatial externalities

Patrones de variación fenotípica en una colección de germoplasma de pimiento (Capsicum annuum L.) de Turquía

Phenotypic diversity was assessed for quantitative and qualitative traits in a collection of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) germplasm from different areas of Turkey. A total of 48 genotypes, including germplasm lines and commercial cultivars, were studied under field conditions at Izmir over two consecutive summers (2004 and 2005). All accessions were characterized for 67 agro-morphological traits from seedling emergence to crop maturity. Morphological data were subjected to principal components analysis followed by hierarchical agglomerative clustering. This provided seven groups based on morphological and agronomic properties. The first six principal components axes accounted for 54.29% of the variance among the 48 accessions and their lines. The greater part of variance was accounted for by traits such as fruit diameter, fruit weight, volume, fruit wall thickness, fruit productivity, and fruit soluble solid and dry matter content. The high diversity found in the collection showed its great potential for improving agronomic traits in pepper.En una colección de germoplasma de pimiento (Capsicum annuum L.) de Turquía se evaluó la diversidad fenotípica para caracteres cuantitativos y cualitativos. Se estudiaron en Izmir, en condiciones de campo, durante dos veranos consecutivos (2004 y 2005), un total de 48 genotipos, incluyendo líneas de germoplasma y cultivares comerciales. Todas las accesiones fueron caracterizadas para 67 caracteres morfológicos, desde la emergencia de las plántulas hasta la madurez del cultivo. Los datos morfológicos fueron sometidos a un análisis de componentes principales seguido de un agrupamiento jerárquico aglomerativo, que produjo siete grupos basados en las propiedades morfológicas y agronómicas. Los primeros seis ejes (componentes principales) representaron el 54,29% de la varianza entre los 48 genotipos. La mayor parte de la varianza estuvo representada por caracteres tales como diámetro de fruto, peso del fruto, volumen, espesor de la pared del fruto, productividad del fruto, y contenido de sólidos solubles y materia seca del fruto. La alta diversidad encontrada en la colección muestra su gran potencial para la mejora de caracteres agronómicos en pimiento

Effects of sowing dates and cultural treatments on growth, quality and yield of processing beans

PubMed ID: 19070116The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of windbreak and sowing dates on growth and yield of bean varieties; Amboto, Gina, Nashau, Volare. Two different treatments of cultural practices (windbreak/no windbreak) were applied all cultivars and sowing dates. The experimental design was a randomized block in a split plot with three replications. Seeds were sown in well prepared soil on 23.07.2004 and 27.08.2004 in 1st year and 29.07.2005 and 29.8.2005 in 2nd year. Results are showed that sowing date, variety and windbreak generally exhibited significant positive influence on growth parameters and yield components. Yield was significantly decreased with later sowing date in all 2 years of research. Significantly better results were obtained in treatments when was used WB. Amboto performed better compared with other three varieties, mostly due to more yield per ha and per plant. Hence, Amboto is recommended for general cultivation of bean and SD1 was the optimum sowing date of bean for Odemis condition. © 2007 Asian Network for Scientific Information

The influence of temperature on growth and yield of green beans for processing

This research was carried out between in 2004 and 2005 at Odemis Technical Training College of Ege University in Odemis, Izmir to investigate the effects of sowing dates and windbreak treatments on growth and yield of 4 varieties of processing bean (Phaseolus vulgaris vars. Amboto, Gina, Nassau and Volare). Also, the heat summations (thermal time) were determined for all cultivars. The heat summations were calculated for different periods as (a) from emergence to harvest, (b) from emergence to beginning of flowering and (c) from beginning of flowering to harvest. The highest yield(12783.7kg ha-1) was obtained by early sowing in July. It was observed that delaying the sowing date decreased the yield (10926.7 kg) in 2005. Yields showed a decreasing tendency as sowing dates get closer to autumn. Amboto variety with windbreak gave the highest yields in both years as 12501.0 and 12413.8 kg ha-1, respectively. 1552.6°C day in Gina and Nassau, 795.3°C day in Gina and958.7°C day in Volare were calculated as the highest thermal times for a, b and c, respectively. copy; 2009 Academic Journals Inc

Cancer and its prevention by some horticultural and field crops in Turkey

PubMed ID: 16101341Diet is considered to play an important role in the etiology of carcinogenesis, and almost 30% of cancer development is known to have a dietary background. Many diets appear to contain groups of food components that can prevent, slow down, or even reverse carcinogenesis. In the present commentary, discussion is focused on the following crops: almonds, apricots, plums, peaches and nectarines, cherries, pears, figs, chestnuts, hazelnuts, pistachios, walnuts, grapes, strawberries, avocados, bananas, olives, lemons and limes, oranges (tangerines, mandarins, clemetines, satsuma), grapefruit and pomelons, artichokes, potatoes, green beans, carrots, cabbages, melons, watermelons, pupkins, cucumbers, garlic, cauliflower, peppers, eggplants, tomatoes, onions, dry bean, soybeans, maize, barley, wheat, rye, and lentils. According to results some of epidemiology, numbers of horticultural and field crops of Turkey are likely to be associated with reduced risk of different cancers. Associations with protection in individual cases are here reviewed reviewed

Herbs as a food source in turkey

PubMed ID: 15373716Medical benefits of herbs have been known for centuries. Many examples contain powerful active components that, if used correctly, can help in healing the living organism. These herbs can also be provided in the form of capsules and powders, as dietary supplements, and thus differ from conventional foods or food ingredients. The traditional Turkish kitchen is rich of various herbs which have been employed as ingredients since ancient times. The present paper provides a brief overview of some important herbs in the Turkish flora, including fennel, sage, rosemary, mallow, sweet basil, savory, chicory, nettle, thyme, flax, cumin, caper, coriander, milk thistle, spanish lavender, marjoram, dandelion, rocket, purslane, spanish salsify, amaranthus, wild radish, and wild mustard. Studies on these herbs have revealed that they contain powerful active components that might be effective for increasing human health and preventing cancer

Patterns of phenotypic variation in a germplasm collection of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) from Turkey

Phenotypic diversity was assessed for quantitative and qualitative traits in a collection of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) germplasm from different areas of Turkey. A total of 48 genotypes, including germplasm lines and commercial cultivars, were studied under field conditions at Izmir over two consecutive summers (2004 and 2005). All accessions were characterized for 67 agro-morphological traits from seedling emergence to crop maturity. Morphological data were subjected to principal components analysis followed by hierarchical agglomerative clustering. This provided seven groups based on morphological and agronomic properties. The first six principal components axes accounted for 54.29% of the variance among the 48 accessions and their lines. The greater part of variance was accounted for by traits such as fruit diameter, fruit weight, volume, fruit wall thickness, fruit productivity, and fruit soluble solid and dry matter content. The high diversity found in the collection showed its great potential for improving agronomic traits in pepper