Systemic Mycobacteriosis Caused by Mycobacterium marinum in Farmed Meagre (Argyrosomus regius), in Turkey

This paper describes systemic mycobacteriosis caused by Mycobacterium marinum, in farmed meager (Argyrosomus regius), in Turkey. Infected two year old fish showed signs of stunted growth, emaciation, slight ascites and exophtalmia, pale gills and significant mortalities. Only one fish sample showed hemorrhagic ulcerative skin lesions at the base of the caudal fin. Internal multifocal white colored granulomas in the spleen, kidney, and liver were observed. Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) and Gram stained fresh squash mounts of the granulomas revealed Gram and ZN positive rods. Inoculation of sterile homogenates of the visceral organ granulomas on Lowenstein-Jensen slants produced slow-growing (3-4 weeks), yellow to orange colored, photochromogenic acid fast colonies. ZN positive bacterial isolates were identified using commercially available line probe assays (Genotype Mycobacterium CM/AS assay) and hsp65 gene sequencing analyses. According to molecular analysis results, the isolates were identified as Mycobacterium marinum. Epithelioid cell granulomas were microscopically observed in the visceral organs and gills. ZN stained tissue sections exhibited heavy acid-fast rods within the granulomas

Oral colonization by yeasts in HIV-positive patients in Brazil

INTRODUCTION: In HIV-infected patients, colonization of the oral cavity by potential pathogenic yeast may lead to development of systemic fungemia. We evaluated the prevalence of yeast in the oral cavity of Brazilian HIV-positive patients and verified whether or not the species characterized were enzymatically active. Furthermore, the species identified were tested for their susceptibility to antifungal treatment. METHODS: Patient saliva and oropharyngeal candidiasis samples were collected from 60 seropositive HIV patients and identified by the API20C system. Enzymatic activity was evaluated by the production of proteinase and phospholipase. Susceptibility to antifungal treatments were determined using the broth microdilution method. RESULTS: the most commonly isolated species were C. albicans (51.56%) followed by non-albicans Candida species (43.73%), Trichosporon mucoides (3.12%) and Kodamaea ohmeri (1.56%). Oral colonization by association of different species was observed in 42% of the patients. Enzymatic activity was verified in most of species isolated, except for C. glabrata, C. lusitaniae and C. guilliermondii. Resistance to Fluconazole and Amphotericin B was observed in isolates of C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, C. krusei, and K. ohmeri. CONCLUSION: HIV-positive patients are orally colonized by single or multiple species of yeast that are occasionally resistant to Fluconazole or Amphotericin B

Chemical profile by LC-Q-TOF-MS of Nigella sativa seed extracts and in vitro antimicrobial activity on bacteria which are determined resistance gene and isolated from nosocomial infection

Healthcare-associated infection (HCAI) is a global health challenge and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) producing gram-negative bacilli, which were isolated from HCAIs, are the most common antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. The present research aimed to determine the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of Nigella sativa seeds. Antimicrobial activity of plant extracts was observed against 20 clinical yeast (which isolated from swab samples of tongue dorsal surfaces in patients with stomatitis), 18 clinical bacteria isolates (which found from HCAIs), and also eight bacteria, and three yeast standard strains by using a broth microdilution assay. The methanol extract had the highest inhibitory activity against S. aureus standard strain at 0.4 mg/mL. The ethyl acetate extract showed the highest antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus standard strain at 0.4 mg/mL. The methanol and ethyl acetate extracts did not show inhibitory activity against Gram-negative bacteria and yeast isolates. The LC-Q-TOF-MS profiles of the extracts were found to contain saponin, alkaloid, and fatty acid. Mass spectra revealed the presence of 14 fatty acids, four saponins, and three alkaloids for methanol extract and 13 fatty acids, three saponins, and two alkaloids for ethyl acetate extract. © 2022 Marmara University Press.Gazi ÜniversitesiThe authors would like to thank Prof. Dr. Tijen ONKOL from the Pharmacy Faculty of Gazi University for providing helping at the laboratory