Long non-coding RNAs: spatial amplifiers that control nuclear structure and gene expression

Over the past decade, it has become clear that mammalian genomes encode thousands of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), many of which are now implicated in diverse biological processes. Recent work studying the molecular mechanisms of several key examples — including Xist, which orchestrates X chromosome inactivation — has provided new insights into how lncRNAs can control cellular functions by acting in the nucleus. Here we discuss emerging mechanistic insights into how lncRNAs can regulate gene expression by coordinating regulatory proteins, localizing to target loci and shaping three-dimensional (3D) nuclear organization. We explore these principles to highlight biological challenges in gene regulation, in which lncRNAs are well-suited to perform roles that cannot be carried out by DNA elements or protein regulators alone, such as acting as spatial amplifiers of regulatory signals in the nucleus

Voltammetric sensor for theophylline using sol-gel immobilized molecularly imprinted polymer particles

El títol del pre-print va ser: Development of a voltammetric sensor for theophylline with sol-gel immobilised molecularly imprinted polymer particlesApplication of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) to sensor substrates holds great promise within the field of electrochemical sensing due to their low price, tailored selectivity and facile synthesis protocols. Though MIPs can be synthesised directly onto the surface of sensors via layer or film deposition, this can be difficult due to the high number of interdependent steps involved in their synthesis. For this reason, synthesis of MIP particles is more frequently employed by synthetic and non-specialist laboratories alike. There is, however a lack of immobilisation protocols for these particles. Herein, there is presented a sol-gel based immobilisation method for MIP particles for the development of an electrochemical sensor. The macroporous precipitation-polymerised particles were imprinted with Theophylline, combined with graphite in the sol-gel and deposited on an electrode surface. The sensor was tested using differential pulse voltammetry. A limit of detection of 1µM and a relative standard deviation of 6.85% was observed for the primary analyte. The electrode was regenerated via a thermal washing process with a signal loss of 29.3% following the initial regeneration and 2.35% per subsequent regeneration

Principles of bacterial detection

Written by the world's most renowned and learned scientists in their own area of expertise, this is the first title to cover what is a rapidly expanding ..

Principles of bacterial detection

Written by the world's most renowned and learned scientists in their own area of expertise, this is the first title to cover what is a rapidly expanding ..