Characterization of adipose-derived stem cells of anatomical region from mice

Abstract\ud \ud Background\ud Stem cells constitute a group of great capacity for self-renewal, long-term viability, and multi-lineage potential. Several studies have provided evidence that adipose tissue represents an alternative source of stem cells, with the main benefit of adipose-derived stem cells being that they can be easily harvested from patients by a simple minimally invasive method and can be easily cultured. The aim of this study was to establish a culture protocol for obtaining and characterizing adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) from C57BL/6 J mice.\ud \ud \ud Results\ud The results showed that the yield, viability, and cell morphology obtained differ according to the age of isolated anatomic regions of the adipose tissue from ovarian and epididymis. The results of determination of cyclin D1 showed uniformity in the expression between different populations of ADSCs. A significant increase in the expression of caspase-3 active, was also observed in large cell populations from mice after 120 days. ADSCs were positive for mesenchymal markers CD90 and CD105, Nanog, SSEA-1, CD106, and VEGFR-1, and negative for hematopoietic markers CD34 and CD45. A large number of cells in S + G2/M phases was also observed for both sexes, demonstrating high proliferative capacity of ADSCs.\ud \ud \ud Conclusions\ud We observed that the adipose tissue of C57BL/6 J mice, isolated from the studied anatomic regions, is a promising source for obtaining pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells with high viability and proliferative response.We thank the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development\ud (CNPq), Foundation for Research.\ud Support of the State of São Paulo (FAPESP) – process number: 2013/05251-1,\ud Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Rennan Lopes Olio by support in graphic\ud design and Rogerio Garcia Novo Pieri by technical assistance

Genetic variation and exercise-induced muscle damage: implications for athletic performance, injury and ageing.

Prolonged unaccustomed exercise involving muscle lengthening (eccentric) actions can result in ultrastructural muscle disruption, impaired excitation-contraction coupling, inflammation and muscle protein degradation. This process is associated with delayed onset muscle soreness and is referred to as exercise-induced muscle damage. Although a certain amount of muscle damage may be necessary for adaptation to occur, excessive damage or inadequate recovery from exercise-induced muscle damage can increase injury risk, particularly in older individuals, who experience more damage and require longer to recover from muscle damaging exercise than younger adults. Furthermore, it is apparent that inter-individual variation exists in the response to exercise-induced muscle damage, and there is evidence that genetic variability may play a key role. Although this area of research is in its infancy, certain gene variations, or polymorphisms have been associated with exercise-induced muscle damage (i.e. individuals with certain genotypes experience greater muscle damage, and require longer recovery, following strenuous exercise). These polymorphisms include ACTN3 (R577X, rs1815739), TNF (-308 G>A, rs1800629), IL6 (-174 G>C, rs1800795), and IGF2 (ApaI, 17200 G>A, rs680). Knowing how someone is likely to respond to a particular type of exercise could help coaches/practitioners individualise the exercise training of their athletes/patients, thus maximising recovery and adaptation, while reducing overload-associated injury risk. The purpose of this review is to provide a critical analysis of the literature concerning gene polymorphisms associated with exercise-induced muscle damage, both in young and older individuals, and to highlight the potential mechanisms underpinning these associations, thus providing a better understanding of exercise-induced muscle damage

Políticas públicas para a saúde do idoso: revisão sistemática Políticas públicas para la salud del anciano: revisión sistemática Public policies for the elderly's health: systematic review

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o desenvolvimento dos programas de saúde do idoso com base nas referências contidas nas principais bases de dados. Estudo de revisão sistemática de natureza quanti-qualitativa no período de 01/09/08 à 30/09/08 nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde. Para análise das informações foi realizada a organização do conteúdo quanto ao ano, tipo de publicação e métodos/técnicas, essência do conteúdo e produção do conhecimento, base de dados, recomendações dos autores. Os resultados apontam para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas voltadas para a divulgação e resultados das políticas de saúde e o seu conhecimento pelos profissionais de saúde que cuidam de idosos sendo necessário um direcionamento e capacitação específica.<br>El objetivo es analizar el desarrollo de las políticas públicas de salud para los ancianos en las referencias que figuran en las principales bases de datos. Estudio de revisión sistemática de naturaleza cuanti-cualitativa en el período comprendido entre 01/09/08 al 30/09/08 en la Biblioteca Virtual de Salud. Para análisis de las informaciónes se realizó una organización del contenido sobre el año, tipo de publicación y métodos/técnicas, contenido y la esencia de la producción de conocimiento, base de datos, recomendaciones de los autores. Los resultados apuntan para el desarrollo de investigaciones que hacen la difusión sobre las políticas de salud y su conocimiento por los profesionales de salud que cuidan de ancianos pues es necesaria una dirección y una formación específica.<br>The objective of this work was to analyze the development of health of the elderly based on references contained in the main databases. Study of systematic review considering the period from 01/09/08 to 30/09/08 in the databases of the Library of Health to check that the information was held to organize the content on the year, publication type and methods / techniques, content and essence of the production of knowledge, database, the authors' recommendations. The results emphasize the development of research focused on the dissemination and results of health policies and their knowledge by health professionals who care for elderly is a necessary direction and specific training