1,904 research outputs found
Gamma-Ray Burst/Supernova Associations: Energy Partition and the Case of a Magnetar Central Engine
The favored progenitor model for Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs) with Supernova (SN) association is the core collapse of massive stars. One possible outcome of such a collapse is a rapidly spinning, strongly magnetized neutron star ( magnetar ). We systematically analyze the multi-wavelength data of GRB/SN associations detected by several instruments before 2017 June. Twenty GRB/SN systems have been confirmed via direct spectroscopic evidence or a clear light curve bump, as well as some spectroscopic evidence resembling a GRB-SN. We derive/collect the basic physical parameters of the GRBs and the SNe, and look for correlations among these parameters. We find that the peak brightness, 56Ni mass, and explosion energy of SNe associated with GRBs are statistically higher than other Type Ib/c SNe. A statistically significant relation between the peak energy of GRBs and the peak brightness of their associated SNe is confirmed. No significant correlations are found between the GRB energies (either isotropic or beaming-corrected) and the supernova energy. We investigate the energy partition within these systems and find that the beaming-corrected GRB energy of most systems is smaller than the SN energy, with less than 30% of the total energy distributed in the relativistic jet. The total energy of the systems is typically smaller than the maximum available energy of a millisecond magnetar (2 × 1052 erg), especially if aspherical SN explosions are considered. The data are consistent with—although not proof of—the hypothesis that most, but not all, GRB/SN systems are powered by millisecond magnetars
Relativistic mean-field approximation with density-dependent screening meson masses in nuclear matter
The Debye screening masses of the , and neutral
mesons and the photon are calculated in the relativistic mean-field
approximation. As the density of the nucleon increases, all the screening
masses of mesons increase. It shows a different result with Brown-Rho scaling,
which implies a reduction in the mass of all the mesons in the nuclear matter
except the pion. Replacing the masses of the mesons with their corresponding
screening masses in Walecka-1 model, five saturation properties of the nuclear
matter are fixed reasonably, and then a density-dependent relativistic
mean-field model is proposed without introducing the non-linear self-coupling
terms of mesons.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures, REVTEX4, Accepted for publication in Int. J.
Mod. Phys.
Geophysical Monitoring of CO2 Injection at Citronelle Field, Alabama
Carbon dioxide (CO2) injection at the Citronelle oil field in Alabama has been deployed to determine the feasibility of carbon storage and enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in the depleted oil field. Citronelle is a small size city right above the oil field, hence, to detect geohazard risks, geophysical testing method using wireless sensor, and passive seismic technique is used: the non-intrusive measurements were made at well sites along two linear arrays. The outcomes of the geophysical monitoring at the Citronelle oil field are shear-wave velocity profiles that are correlated to the static stress distribution at different injection stages. Injection history interpretation using the stress wave monitoring indicates that CO2 injection resulted in the stressing of the strata
Effective photon mass in nuclear matter and finite nuclei
Electromagnetic field in nuclear matter and nuclei are studied. In the
nuclear matter, because the expectation value of the electric charge density
operator is not zero, different in vacuum, the U(1) local gauge symmetry of
electric charge is spontaneously broken, and consequently, the photon gains an
effective mass through the Higgs mechanism. An alternative way to study the
effective mass of photon is to calculate the self-energy of photon
perturbatively. It shows that the effective mass of photon is about
in the symmetric nuclear matter at the saturation density and about at the surface of . It seems that
the two-body decay of a massive photon causes the sharp lines of
electron-positron pairs in the low energy heavy ion collision experiments of
.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, REVTEX4, submitted to Int. J. Mod.
Phys.
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