Giant mucinous cystadenoma: Case report

No Abstract

Family planning practice in a tertiary health institution in north-western Nigeria

Background: Family planning in our environment had remained a delicate issue that is still reluctantly being accepted based on religious belief and the perception that it is synonymouswith population control. Objective: This study was carried out with the objectives of identifying the characteristics of contraceptive acceptors in our family planning unit, their source(s) of information andmethods of preference among others. Materials and methods: The record cards of all clientswho attended the family panning clinic between January 1 1998 and December 31 2002 as well as the theatre records of patients that had bilateral tubal ligation (BTL) during the study period were reviewed. Relevant information on biodata, reasons for family planning, methods of choice and reasons for discontinuationwere extracted and analysed.Comparative percentagewas used for the analysis. Result: A total of 839 clients requested and were served with contraceptives during the study period with an acceptor rate of 167.8/annum. Over75%of the acceptors were Muslims. The main reason for selecting family planning services was for child spacing (84.9%) with only 12% requiring the service to end the reproductive carrier. Antenatal/postnatal clinics were theirmain source(s) of information about family planning services. Conclusion: The study revealed that the practice rate of family planning in this community is still low. Female education, use of religious / traditional leaders alongwith improved dissemination of information using themass mediamay go alongway to increase  contraceptive up take. Keywords: Family planning, acceptance,Muslimcommunity

Ruptured uterus in a booked patient

Ruptured uterus, a life-threatening obstetric complication, is a rare event among booked patients. We present a case of uterine rupture in a 28-year-old Gravida 2.para 1+0, 1 alive with previous lower segment Caesarean scar due to neglected obstructed labor from fetal macrosomia. She presented in labor at 40 weeks of gestation after declining the advice for an elective Caesarean section (C/S) and also signed against medical advice to receive care from a traditional birth attendant. She returned 30 hours later with a ruptured uterus. Findings at operation included a macerated stillbirth weighing 4.30 kg and a lower segment transverse scar rupture. Subtotal hysterectomy and peritoneal lavage were performed

Screening for Cervical Cancer: Experience from a University Hospital in North Western Nigeria (2007‑2009)

Background: Cervical cancer is the most common gynecological cancer among women in Nigeria. The incidence is on the increase and poses a public health problem. The etiological agent is the human papilloma virus that is sexual transmitted. The cervical cancer incidence is related to lifestyle, poverty and sexual practices. Fortunately, it is a preventable disease as it is preceded by a pre‑invasive phase that can be detected and treated. There is paucity of report in literature on cervical cancer screening in Sokoto North‑West Nigeria.Aim: To determine the uptake, indications and results of cervical cancer screening in Usmanu Dan‑fodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH), Sokoto.Materials and Methods: A 3‑year descriptive study of the results of cervical cytology among women who attended the gynaecological out‑patient clinic of UDUTH, Sokoto.Results: During the period of study, 126 cervical smears were taken and 96% (121/126) of them were considered adequate for cytological evaluation thus constituting the subjects of the study. The average annual uptake of cervical smear was 1.29%. The main indications for cytologic smears were abnormal uterine bleeding 33.9% (41/121) and suspected carcinoma of the cervix 28.1% (34/121). Cytologic study was positive for dysplastic cells in 7% (25/121) of cases. Ten percent (12/121) of them were high grade squamous intra‑epithelial lesions while invasive carcinoma was seen in 3.3% (4/121) of the smears. Conclusion: Presence of abnormal cervical smear in 20% of the study subjects underscores the need for routine screening for cervical cancer. While organized national screening policy is awaited, opportunistic screening should be maximized. Keywords: Cervical cancer, cervical cytology, north‑west Nigeri

Extra-uterine (abdominal) full term foetus in a 15-day pregnant rabbit

[EN] Background: While ectopic pregnancies account for 1-2% of all pregnancies, abdominal pregnancy is extremely rare, accounting for approximately 1% of ectopic pregnancies. Extrauterine abdominal pregnancy is defined as the implantation and development of an embryo in the peritoneal cavity. The present report is the first of an incidental case of abdominal pregnancy within four full-term foetus simultaneously with 2 weeks of physiological gestation in a healthy doe rabbit. Case presentation: The doe was born on November 3, 2014 and the first partum took place on May 18, 2015. The doe had previously delivered and weaned an average of 12.0 +/- 1.41 live kits at birth (no stillbirths were recorded) during 5 consecutive pregnancies. The last mating was on December 18, 2015 and the detection of pregnancy failure post breeding (by abdominal palpation) on December 31, 2015. Then, the doe was artificially inseminated on January 27, 2016, diagnosed pregnant on February 11, 2016 and subsequently euthanized to recover the foetus. A ventral midline incision revealed a reproductive tract with 12 implantation sites with 15 days old foetus and 4 term foetus in abdominal cavity. There were two foetus floating on either side of the abdominal cavity and two suspended near the greater curvature of the stomach. They were attached to internal organs by means of one or 2 thread-like blood vessels that linked them to the abdominal surfaces. Conclusions: In our opinion a systematic monitoring of rabbit breeding should be included to fully understand and enhance current knowledge of this phenomenon of abdominal pregnancy.This work was supported by Spanish Research Project AGL2014-53405-C2-1-P (Interministerial Commission on Science and Technology).Marco-Jiménez, F.; Garcia-Dominguez, X.; Valdes-Hernández, J.; Vicente Antón, JS. (2017). Extra-uterine (abdominal) full term foetus in a 15-day pregnant rabbit. BMC Veterinary Research. 13:1-4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-017-1229-7S1413Petracci M, Bianchi M, Cavani C. Development of rabbit meat products fortified with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Nutrients. 2009;1:111–8.FAOSTAT (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, authors). Available online: http://faostat.fao.org/site/569/DesktopDefault.aspx?PageID=569#ancor . Accessed Sept 2012.Segura Gil P, Peris Palau B, Martínez Martínez J, Ortega Porcel J, Corpa Arenas JM. Abdominal pregnancies in farm rabbits. Theriogenology. 2004;62:642–51.Rosell JM, de la Fuente LF. Culling and mortality in breeding rabbits. Prev Vet Med. 2009;88:120–7.Tena-Betancourt E, Tena-Betancourt CA, Zúniga-Muñoz AM, Hernández-Godínez B, Ibáñez-Contreras A, Graullera-Rivera V. Multiple extrauterine pregnancy with early and near full-term mummified foetuses in a New Zealand white rabbit (Oryctolagus Cuniculus). J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. 2014;53:204–7.Sánchez JP, Theilgaard P, Mínguez C, Baselga M. Constitution and evaluation of a long-lived productive rabbit line. J Anim Sci. 2008;86:515–25.Savietto D, Friggens NC, Pascual JJ. Reproductive robustness differs between generalist and specialist maternal rabbit lines: the role of acquisition and allocation of resources. Genet Sel Evol. 2015;47:2.Viudes-de-Castro MP, Vicente JS. Effect of sperm count on the fertility and prolificity rates of meat rabbits. Anim Reprod Sci. 1997;46:313–9.Marco-Jiménez F, Garcia-Dominguez X, Jimenez-Trigos E, Vera-Donoso CD, Vicente JS. Vitrification of kidney precursors as a new source for organ transplantation. Cryobiology. 2015;70:278–82.Garcia-Dominguez X, Vera-Donoso CD, Jimenez-Trigos E, Vicente JS, Marco-Jimenez. First steps towards organ banks: vitrification of renal primordial. Cryo Letters. 2016;37:47–52.Arvidsson A. Extra-uterine pregnancy in a rabbit. Vet Rec. 1998;142:176.Glišić A, Radunović N, Atanacković J. Methotrexate and fallopian tubes in ectopic pregnancy. Acta veterinaria. 2006;56:375–82.Nwobodo EI. Abdominal pregnancy. A case report. Ann Afr Med. 2004;3:195–6.Nassali MN, Benti TM, Bandani-Ntsabele M, Musinguzi E. A case report of an asymptomatic late term abdominal pregnancy with a live birth at 41 weeks of gestation. BMC Res Notes. 2016;9:31.Baffoe P, Fofie C, Gandau BN. Term abdominal pregnancy with healthy new-born: a case report. Ghana Med J. 2011;45:81–3.Eleje GU, Adewae O, Osuagwu IK, Obianika CE. Post-date extra-uterine abdominal pregnancy in a rhesus negative Nullipara with successful outcome: a case report. J Women's Health. 2013;6:2.Hong CC, Armstrong ML. Ectopic pregnancy in 2 guinea-pigs. Lab Anim. 1978;12:243–4.Peters LJ. Abdominal pregnancy in a golden hamster (Mesocricetus Auratus). Lab Anim Sci. 1982;32:392–3.Xiccato G, Trocino A, Boiti C, Brecchia G. Reproductive rhythm and litter weaning age as they affect rabbit doe performance and body energy balance. Anim Sci. 2005;81:289–96.Fortun-Lamothe L, De Rochambeau H, Lebas F, Tudela F. Influence of the number of suckling young on reproductive performance in intensively reared rabbits does. In: Blasco A, editor. Proceedings of the 7th world rabbit congress; 2002. p. 125–32

Maternal death and obstetric care audits in Nigeria: A systematic review of barriers and enabling factors in the provision of emergency care.

Acknowledgements We would like to thank Yutaka Osakabe for co-ordinating the retrieval of full text articles. The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation supported this study, grant number 12-100074-000-INPPeer reviewedPublisher PD

Abdominal pregnancy: a case report

This is a report of a case of abdominal pregnancy (a rare condition). Lack of antenatal care resulted in late presentation. Persistent abdominal pain, weight loss and pallor were the main clinical features. Presence of this triad in pregnancy should raise the suspicion of abdominal pregnancy

High Caesarean Section Rate at Federal Medical Centre, Birnin-Kebbi: Real or Apparent?

In a two year retrospective analysis (January 2002 and December 2003) there were 364 cases of Caesarean section out of 1796 deliverers at Federal medical Centre, Birnin Kebbi giving a caesarean section rate of 20.3%. One thousand five hundred and twenty-three patients (84.8%) were unbooked while two hundred and seventy three patients (15.2%) were booked for ante-natal care. Emergency and elective procedures accounted for 94.2% and 5.8% of the cases respectively. Apart from two classical Caesarean section, others were transverse lower segment operation. The main indications for the Caesarean section were prolonged obstructed labour, eclampsia and placenta praevia. Considering the fact that most of the patients were unbooked (only presented because of complications of pregnancy or labour) and some of the patients who had eclampsia would have benefited from vaginal delivery if they had antenatal care and timely induction of labour, we think that the high rate of Caesarean section in the centre is most likely apparent. Key Words: High Caesarean section rate, Real or Apparent? Nigerian Medical Practitioner 46(2) 2004: 39-4

Maternal mortality associated with eclampsia in Sokoto, Nigeria

Background: Eclampsia is a well recognised major cause of maternal death particularly in developing countries where illiteracy, poverty, lack of prenatal care, late referral, lack of efficient transport system and delay in hospitalization abound.Objective: To determine the proportion of maternal mortality associated with eclampsia together with the demographic and clinical characteristics that influence death in eclamptics.Methods: Records of all the maternal deaths due to eclampsia at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH) Sokoto between January 2005 and December 2009 were reviewed, retrospectively. Their social demography, mode of delivery, type of eclampsia, Glasgow coma score at presentation and fetal outcome were extracted for analysis. The data were processed with SPSS version 10. Chi square was used to analyse some of the results and the confidence limit was set at 95%.Results: There were 277 maternal deaths during the five-year period and eclampsia accounted for 117 (42.2%) deaths, with a case fatality of 31.7%. The case fatality from the condition was relatively higher in mothers whose age was less than 20years (36.2%), of first delivery (33.8%), with no formal education (32.4%), with no prenatal care (32.3%) and with Glasgow coma score of ≤5 at presentation (46.1%) than their opposite numbers. However, it was only in Glasgow coma score that a significant difference in case mortality was observed (p = 0.000). The perinatal death associated with eclampsia was 24.7%, and 61.5% of them occurred amongst mothers who died from eclampsia.Conclusion: Eclampsia is a major contributor to maternal mortality in the centre. Measures to reduce maternal death from eclampsia include female education, promotion of utilization of family planning and prenatal/delivery services and health education on features of severe pre-eclampsia and early presentation to the hospital at the least suspicion.Keywords: Eclampsia, maternal mortality, Sokot