Yaws and syphilis in contrast comparison and combination: based on short course mass treatment in East Africa, with 2300 case records, 24 photographs and 50 references to the literature

"A somewhat paradoxical title" might well be the remark from the theoretical point of view. "t.hy; the diseases are so contrasted as to admit of no comparison and their combination even is denied by some."Granted; when you have, on the one hand, a truth_ ful intelligent European, with the presence or histor of a Hunterian Chancre, _ Glands, _ Secondary rashes or tertiary manifestations, and on the other, a native of the Tropics with an Extragenital mother Yaw, and the pathegnomonic or, (to employ an expressive Scottish word) 'Kenspeckle' Eruption of Secondary Yaws. "Ca saute aux Yeux ".With these classical features of the two disease I am not concerned, since they admit of no discussion when so portrayed, but,let us plunge into Central Africa among a people recently more primitive than those of Old Testament narrative, and we can readily understand if opinion is still divided as to the identity of the widely differing diseases mentioned in the Bible, what chance the /African native had in the past of differentiating Yaws and Syphilis for himself. Further, _ what chance has the skilled observer even now of obtaining a satisfactory history of one or other or perhaps of both diseases.When he comes to examine the lesions he may be even more at sea. He is at once 'up against' the black skin; he finds the lesions perhaps obscured by dirt or native medicines, and, if not superimposed on tissues already attacked by other diseases, e.g. Filarasis, Leprosy or Tubercle, he may find them so profoundly altered by deficiency disease, tropical anaemias, secondary infection, or all three that he cannot even say with any certainty that they are Spirochaetal in origin, let alone, differentiate the particular species concerned. Little wonder then, that many have considered them one and the same.Such an observer is of necessity denied the crucial tests of microscopical, histological and serological diagnosis, and he must therefore fall back on other and more unorthodox means; he must familiarise himself with the combinations and one might even say the permutations of his two diseases with each other and with the other local conditions already mentioned, and he must know something of the history of the diseases he is treating and the people he is working among.It is then along these lines and with these reservations that I wish to discuss the subject. Fortunate it is that the mass diagnosis of these diseases, so liable to be confused and so profoundly altered by concomitant conditions, is merely of statistical interest, and that the mass treatment of both is only a matter of intensity

Higgs Boson Search Sensitivity in the H→WWH \to WW Dilepton Decay Mode at s=7\sqrt s = 7 and 10 TeV

Prospects for discovery of the standard model Higgs boson are examined at center of mass energies of $7$ and $10$ TeV at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. We perform a simulation of the signal and principal backgrounds for Higgs boson production and decay in the $W^+ W^-$ dilepton mode, finding good agreement with the ATLAS and CMS collaboration estimates of signal significance at 14 TeV for Higgs boson masses near $m_H = 160$~GeV. At the lower energy of $7$~TeV, using the same analysis cuts as these collaborations, we compute expected signal sensitivities of about $2$ standard deviations ($\sigma$'s) at $m_H = 160$~GeV in the ATLAS case, and about 3.6~$\sigma$ in the CMS case for $1$~fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity. Integrated luminosities of 8~$\rm{fb}^{-1}$ and 3~$\rm{fb}^{-1}$ are needed in the ATLAS case at $7$ and $10$~TeV, respectively, for $5~\sigma$ level discovery. In the CMS case, the numbers are 2~$\rm{fb}^{-1}$ and 1~$\rm{fb}^{-1}$ at $7$ and $10$~TeV. Our different stated expectations for the two experiments arise from the more restrictive analysis cuts in the CMS case. Recast as exclusion limits, our results show that with $1~{\rm fb}^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity at 7~TeV, the LHC may be able to exclude $m_H$ values in the range 160 to 180~GeV provided no signal is seen.Comment: 29 pages, 8 figures. New results on estimated discovery reach for both CMS and ATLAS, as well as exclusion limits, along with comparisons with Tevatron possibilities. References added

Measuring overlaps in mesoscopic spin glasses via conductance fluctuations

We consider the electonic transport in a mesoscopic metallic spin glasses. We show that the distribution of overlaps between spin configurations can be inferred from the reduction of the conductance fluctuations by the magnetic impurities. Using this property, we propose new experimental protocols to probe spin glasses directly through their overlaps

Design of automatic milking system for use in pasture-based systems

End of Project ReportA commercial vision system was successful in identifying target artificial teats in various and demanding scenarios, but the system is very prone to making false identifications. A robotic manipulator capable of the simultaneous handling of four milking cups has been designed. The end-effector profile is sufficiently compact to allow access between the rear legs of the cow while enabling full access to all four teats for application of milking cups. The positioning response of the end-effecter is satisfactory for accommodating small changes in teat position during milking cup application

Superconducting instability in 3 band metallic nanotubes

Motivated by recent experiments on small radius nanotubes, we study the superconducting instabilities of cylindrical (5,0) nanotubes. According to band structure calculations, thesenanotubes possess three bands at the Fermi energy. Using a fermionic renormalization group approach and a careful bosonization treatment,we consider the effect of different attractive interactions, mediated by phonons, within the Luttinger Liquid framework. We particularly focus on a superconducting instability specific to the three bands model we consider for the description of these (5,0) cylindrical nanotubes.Comment: RevTeX 4, 17 pages, 10 EPS figure

Modeling Adaptation with Klaim

In recent years, it has been argued that systems and applications, in order to deal with their increasing complexity, should be able to adapt their behavior according to new requirements or environment conditions. In this paper, we present an investigation aiming at studying how coordination languages and formal methods can contribute to a better understanding, implementation and use of the mechanisms and techniques for adaptation currently proposed in the literature. Our study relies on the formal coordination language Klaim as a common framework for modeling some well-known adaptation techniques: the IBM MAPE-K loop, the Accord component-based framework for architectural adaptation, and the aspect- and context-oriented programming paradigms. We illustrate our approach through a simple example concerning a data repository equipped with an automated cache mechanism

Non-Abelian Excitations of the Quark-Gluon Plasma

We present new, non-abelian, solutions to the equations of motion which describe the collective excitations of a quark-gluon plasma at high temperature. These solutions correspond to spatially uniform color oscillations.Comment: 8 pages LaTex, 1 figure (not included; available upon request), Saclay preprint T94/0

Production of a Prompt Photon in Association with Charm at Next-to-Leading Order in QCD

A second order, $O(\alpha ^2_s)$, calculation in perturbative quantum chromodynamics of the two particle inclusive cross section is presented for the reaction $p +\bar{p}\rightarrow \gamma + c + X$ for large values of the transverse momentum of the prompt photon and charm quark. The combination of analytic and Monte Carlo integration methods used here to perform phase-space integrations facilitates imposition of photon isolation restrictions and other selections of relevance in experiments. Differential distributions are provided for various observables. Positive correlations in rapidity are predicted.Comment: 27 pages in RevTex plus 14 figures in one compressed PS fil