Influence of polychemotherapy on the morphology of metastases and kidney of resistant RLS-bearing mice

Aim: Polychemotherapy (PCT), widely used for the antitumor treatment has a pronounced toxic effect on the organism, and its cytostatic effect sometimes is canceled by multidrug resistance of a neoplasia. Comprehension of the nature and development of pathological changes caused by the PCT during the treatment of cancer is very important to improve the efficiency of the therapy and to clarify the mechanisms of tumor-host interactions. This study was aimed to examine PCT impact on kidney cells and tissues in mice with transplanted resistant lymphosacroma (RLS) and to analyze morphology of metastases of the tumor in kidney during PCT. Materials and Methods: Male mice CBA/LacSto (55 animals) were intramuscularly implanted in the right hind paw by 105 cells/ml of tumor RLS (a diffuse large B-cell lymphosarcoma) with multi-drug resistance (MDR) phenotype. Mice received combination of cyclophosphamide (50 mg/kg), oncovin (0.1 mg/kg), hydroxydaunorubicin (4 mg/kg), and prednisone (5 mg/kg) accordingly to CHOP scheme each 7 days after inoculation of the tumor. The kidneys were sampled on days 1, 3 and 7 after each series of injection of PCT preparations and processed for light and electron microscopy, immunohistochemical analysis of Ki-67 and Apaf-1 proteins also was performed. Results: Tumor RLS produced metastases comprised of small cells in the kidneys of mice after 8 days post inoculation. Application of PCT resulted in destruction of small-cell metastases and development of many large-cell metastases in kidney. Application of PCT induced the development of prominent damage of nephron cells, primarily in S3 segments of proximal tubules. Even one series of PCT caused reduction of basal plasma folds in these cells and alteration of mitochondria. Damage of proximal tubules and involvement of distal tubules, renal bodies and interstitial tissue in the pathologic process, increased during the experiment. This work presents the description of morphological changes in kidney as well as of the tumor metastases under PCT influence. Conclusion: The obtained data should be considered while designing of remedies for recovery of internal organs functions after antitumor PCT

Peculiarities of the Synthesis of Ternary Fe-Al-Sn Intermetallic Compound from Mechanically Alloyed Materials

© 2020, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International. A nanostructured Fe65Al30Sn5 alloy has been synthesized by mechanical alloying of elemental Fe, Al, and Sn powders in a planetary ball mill. The structure and phase composition of the as-milled sample and the samples after subsequent heat treatment at 400 °C, 500 °C, and 800 °C were investigated using X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, 57Fe and 119mSn Mössbauer spectroscopy. We found that the as-milled sample is a nanocrystalline ternary bcc solid solution of the estimated composition Fe62Al32.6Sn5.4. The samples of Fe65Al30Sn5 after annealing are non-uniform materials that mainly comprise the ternary B2 ordered phase Fe65Al30Snx, xSn ≤ 1 at. pct. In addition to the dominant B2 ordered phase, we also identified chemically non-ordered regions, Sn and FeSn, FeSn2

The Local Atomic Structure Study of Ordered Fe3Si and Disordered by Grinding Fe75Si25 Alloys with EXAFS and Mössbauer Techniques

The ordered Fe3Si and disordered Fe75Si25 alloys are studied by X-ray diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy and EXAFS-analysis. The X-ray diffraction pattern and Mössbauer spectrum of the Fe75Si25 alloy in comparison with those of the ordered sample give evidence for the set of local atomic configurations of Fe atom and are characteristic for the disordered bcc samples of the Fe-Si system. The comparison of X(k) in these alloys shows noticeable differences, especially in 3.5-5 Å-1region. Combining all the data obtained with the model X(k) one can draw the conclusion that the changes in the Fe atom local structure of the Fe75Si25 alloy are connected with breaking a long-range order but do not correspond to a chaotic distribution of atoms

Improving knowledge management is an urgent direction for the effective functioning and development of modern agriculture

Modern Russian agriculture functions in the context of new guidelines associated with the introduction of innovative scientific achievements into production based on the knowledge of world agricultural science and an interdisciplinary approach to scientific research in the agricultural sector. As noted by J. Harrigton and F. Vole in the book “Excellence in Knowledge Management” [1] – «knowledge is information transformed into the ability to act effectively». «Knowledge is a mixture of experience, practices, traditions, values, conceptual information, expert judgment and healthy intuition, providing a comprehensive platform for evaluating and implementing new experiences and information in an organization». Knowledge management consists in obtaining (extracting) knowledge and systematizing it by collecting, storing, searching and registering intellectual assets (copyright, patent, licenses, etc.). It is important to disseminate (transfer) the acquired new knowledge both within the corporation and in the external sphere, as well as in the education system in order to create an interactive learning environment

Strategic guidelines for ensuring food security in the Sverdlovsk region

Ensuring the food security of the Russian Federation includes a set of areas in the implementation of which the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are involved, taking into account economic opportunities, natural and climatic conditions of the regions and other circumstances that are important for obtaining positive results in the field of ensuring food security. In connection with the foregoing, the topic of this scientific article is relevant both from a theoretical and practical point of view. The scientific novelty of the study is associated with an in-depth economic analysis of food security in the Sverdlovsk region, taking into account the regulation of regional legislation. The purpose of the study is to identify the interaction of economics and law in the field of ensuring food security of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation in the context of indicators of the Doctrine of Food Security of the Russian Federation. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of the norms of the regional law "On Ensuring Food Security of the Sverdlovsk Region" on the development of agriculture and agro-industrial production in the Sverdlovsk Region in terms of ensuring food security of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation. The theoretical significance of the work is due to the fact that the obtained results and conclusions develop and supplement a number of sections of the agrarian economy in terms of assessing the impact of agriculture on ensuring food security. The practical significance of this study is characterized by the possibility of using the material by the authorities of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, as well as the subjects of agricultural activity and in the educational process at an agricultural university

Central regulatory disorders in clinical pattern of early post-operative period in patients with tumors of midbrain

Neurological, clinical, biochemical examinations, electroencephalography, computer and magnetic resonance tomography of the brain of 336 patients with brain stem and para-brain stem tumors resulted in conclusion that nonspecific autonomic-endocrine reaction caused by disorders in central regulation was the main component of early postoperative period, The first type of such disorders included cases with rather stable indices of both hemodynamics and ionic-osmotic homeostasis characterized by favourable course. Unstable hemodynamics and tendency to increase of osmolarity and serum levels of sodium and glucose as well as unfavourable course of this period were typical for the second type

The role of human capital in the digitalization of the country’s agriculture

Many agricultural enterprises in our country are working in crisis conditions. Therefore, the formation of human capital in modern conditions is a continuation of the strategic goals of the enterprise, where each enterprise has its own goals, performance and development prospects. Currently, distance education is considered on the same equal basis as full- time education in higher education institutions. Intellectual and innovative activities become the main ones in training. That is why human capital is the main factor in the development of the enterprise. Currently, each company considers the tasks of personnel specialization. Each company is responsible for training and retraining its employees. The company is also responsible for reviewing issues related to the training or retraining of individual employees. Digitalization creates such opportunities – to learn remotely without interrupting production processes in their activities. Recently, online training has become popular, and the number of people on such courses continues to grow

Graphene Oxide/Iron Oxide (GrO/FeOx) Nanocomposites for Biomedicine: Synthesis and Study

Abstract: The properties and structure of magnetic graphene oxide GrO/iron oxide FeOx nanocomposites synthesized by the mechanochemical method with different content of components GrO : FeOx (wt %), namely, 20 : 80, 50 : 50, and 80 : 20 were studied. The method of mechanochemical synthesis is a mechanical process of grinding iron oxide powder together with graphene oxide in a ball mill in an aqueous medium. The synthesized magnetic GrO/FeOx nanocomposites were studied by Raman spectroscopy, a vibrating sample magnetometer, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The Mössbauer studies made it possible to determine the phase composition and structure of the synthesized magnetic GrO/FeOx nanocomposites. The data of Mössbauer spectroscopy showed that the GrO/FeOx composites consist of the magnetite phase Fe3O4 and magnetic nanoparticles in the paramagnetic state, which is consistent with the data of X-ray diffraction studies. Based on the results of Mössbauer spectroscopy, it was found that, in addition to magnetite, the magnetic GrO/FeOx nanocomposites contain hematite α-Fe2O3, as well as phases identified as iron carbides and iron-depleted carbon clusters. The latter were not detected by X-ray diffraction, apparently because their number is insignificant and they are in an amorphous state. The results obtained show that graphene is not just a source of carbon during grinding in a ball mill, but has its own reactivity and the ability to generate new phases during mechanochemical activation. Based on the performed Mössbauer spectral studies, we obtained unique and important information on the magnetic structure of the magnetic GrO/FeOx nanocomposites. The research results make it possible to explain the magnetic properties of magnetic nanocomposites, GrO/magnetic particles, which is important for the development and graphene oxide-based synthesis of high-performance magnetic nanocomposites for various applications, including biomedicine

Magnetic Nanocomposites Graphene Oxide/Magnetite + Cobalt Ferrite (GrO/Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf> + CoFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>) for Magnetic Hyperthermia

Abstract: In this study we have investigated new magnetic nanocomposites (MNCs) graphene oxide (GrO)/magnetite (Fe3O4) + cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) of various concentrations that were synthesized by the mechanochemical method—the process of mechanical grinding in a ball mill in the aqueous medium of graphene oxide and preliminarily synthesized powders of magnetite and cobalt ferrite. We have obtained and studied MNCs GrO/Fe3O4 + CoFe2O4 obtained by grinding with various contents of components (in wt %), namely: 50/40 + 10; 50/25 + 25; 50/10 + 40; and 50/0 + 50. The synthesized MNCs GrO/Fe3O4 + CoFe2O4 have been investigated by X-ray diffraction method, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, a vibrating sample magnetometer, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. With the help of Mössbauer investigations, the phase composition, magnetic state, and structure of synthesized MNCs GrO/Fe3O4 + CoFe2O4 have been established, which is important for creating high-performance materials for various applications. The heterogeneity of the MNCs obtained opens prospects for their biomedical applications