Why children differ in motivation to learn: Insights from over 13,000 twins from 6 countries.

Little is known about why people differ in their levels of academic motivation. This study explored the etiology of individual differences in enjoyment and self-perceived ability for several school subjects in nearly 13,000 twins aged 9 to 16 from 6 countries. The results showed a striking consistency across ages, school subjects, and cultures. Contrary to common belief, enjoyment of learning and children’s perceptions of their competence were no less heritable than cognitive ability. Genetic factors explained approximately 40% of the variance and all of the observed twins’ similarity in academic motivation. Shared environmental factors, such as home or classroom, did not contribute to the twin’s similarityin academic motivation.Environmental influences stemmedentirely from individual specific experiences

Micronutrient supply during pregnancy

V.E.&nbsp;Balan, E.V. Tikhomirova, V.V. Ovchinnikova Moscow Regional Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moscow, Russian Federation The article highlights the critical role of preconception planning including the subsidy of vitamins and minerals (primarily folates, iodine, iron, vitamin D and polyunsaturated fatty acids). Deficiency of macro- and micronutrients before pregnancy and especially during gestation increases the risk of perinatal pathology, increases infant mortality and causes prematurity, congenital disorders, impaired physical and mental development of children. That is why it is extremely important to start taking multivitamins before conception and accumulate all the necessary nutrients by the most critical date — 21–26 days, the period of neural tube closure in the embryo. The article discusses non- and modifiable risk factors for congenital disorders, one of which is the lack of nutrients, as well as the choice of the vitamin-mineral complex (VMC) (balanced composition, the use of highly active forms of vitamins and minerals, etc.) using the example of Pregnoton Mama. The evidence b ase on the effectiveness and safety of VMC for pregnant women and in the period of preconception is given including data on reducing the risk of congenital disorders, obstetric and neonatal complications. Keywords: preconception planning, pregnancy, congenital disorders, vitamin-mineral complex, Pregnoton Mama. For citation: Balan V.E., Tikhomirova E.V., Ovchinnikova V.V. Micronutrient supply during pregnancy. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2019;2(4):280–285. <br

Professionally Important Qualities of Staff Admitted to Work with PBA of I-II Groups

Choosing the professionally important qualities (PIQ) is an essential moment of personnel selection and assessment of reliability of their professional activity. The use of methods of analytical job specification and expert estimations allowed to define the list of PIQs of personnel admitted to work with PBA of I-II groups

Efficacy of normalization of vaginal microbiota after antimicrobial treatment for bacterial vaginosis and bacterial vaginosis in pregnant women (results of the multicenter prospective non-interventional comparative study)

V.E. Radzinskiy1, I.B. Manukhin2, I.M. Ordiyants1, V.E. Balan3, E.V. Tikhomirova3, I.V. Sakhautdinova4, E.M. Zulkarneeva4 1Russian University of Peoples’ Friendship, Moscow, Russian Federation 2A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, &nbsp;Russian Federation 3Moscow Regional Research Institute of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology, Moscow, &nbsp;Russian Federation 4Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation Aim: to assess the efficacy and safety of Lactogynal® to normalize vaginal microflora after antimicrobial treatment for bacterial vaginosis (BV) and to prevent recurrences of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) during pregnancy. Patients and Methods: this multicenter prospective non-interventional comparative study included 100 women in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy diagnosed with acute BV (n=50) or acute VVC (n=50). 25 women of each group received standard antimicrobial treatment only. 25 women of each group received Lactogynal® as the second step of antimicrobial treatment. Women were followed up until delivery and discharge. The rate of BV and VVC recurrences before delivery was considered the key indicator of treatment efficacy. In addition, obstetrical and perinatal outcomes, compliance, the type and duration of antimicrobial treatment for BV and VVC were evaluated. Results: in women with BV and VVC who received Lactogynal®, no recurrences during the follow-up were reported (p&lt;0.05). In women who received standard antimicrobial treatment only, the rate of recurrences of BV and VVC was 40% and 28%, respectively. As to the complications of pregnancy, delivery, and the postpartum period, women with BV who received probiotic therapy were less often diagnosed with anemia (p&lt;0.05) while women with VVC who received probiotic therapy were less often diagnosed with the premature rupture of membranes (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: Lactogynal® is an effective and safe tool to normalize vaginal microflora after antimicrobial treatment for BV and to prevent VVC recurrences during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. This drug (as a part of complex treatment for BV and VVC) reduces the risk of recurrences and promotes a more favorable pregnancy course until delivery. Keywords: lactobacilli, bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, pregnancy, vaginal microflora. For citation: Radzinskiy V.E., Manukhin I.B., Ordiyants I.M. et al. Efficacy of normalization of vaginal microbiota after antimicrobial treatment for bacterial vaginosis and bacterial vaginosis in pregnant women (results of the multicenter prospective non-interventional comparative study). Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(3):192–200 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-3-192-200. <br

Collagenotherapy for patients with genitourinary menopausal syndrome is a new opportunity in the doctor’s arsenal

Material and methods. 65 patients aged 49-65 years were examined with the confirmed diagnosis: postmenopausal atrophic vag-initis (ICD-10 N95.2). Patients of the 1st group (n=32) underwent intravaginal injection submucose multipoint injection of cross-linked collagen fraction gel into the composition with peptide complex (30-50 mg/g), uronic acids (0.8-1.2 mg/g) and hexosamines (2.0-3.0 mg/g) — SpheroGel MEDIUM with microparticle size 100-200 microns, patients of the 2nd group (n=33) — Sphero-Gel LONG gel with larger microparticle size 200-360 microns. The routine study was extended with the use of an adapted scale R. Nappi, et al. (2019) for objective assessment of complaints and clinical picture, the Female Sexuality Index (FSFI) questionnaire and the SF-36 quality of life questionnaire. Results. The average age of patients was 54.5±2.0 years, the average duration of postmenopause — 6.04±4.3 years, the duration of clinical manifestations of genitourinary menopausal syndrome ranged from 1 to 10 years (on average, 5.5±2.36 years). A significant decrease in the manifestations of this syndrome was noted at the end of collagenotherapy course and in a distant time — 12 weeks from its beginning. At the same time for the majority of symptoms at the end of therapy the tendency for improvement was noted in the 1st group (p>0.05), but the remote results were significantly better in the 2nd group (p0.05) before the start of therapy to 17.31±8.51 and 23.81±7.59 points (1st and 2nd groups, respectively, p<0.05) 12 weeks before the start of therapy, however, it did not reach 26.5 points as a limit for the selected method. Quality of life indicators improved 1.2-2 times by the criteria of “physical role”, “pain intensity”, “emotional role” (p<0.05), where in a remote period, 12 weeks from the beginning of therapy and within 2 months after its completion, treatment was more effective in the 2nd group (p<0.05). Conclusion. Local collagen therapy may be an effective and safe variant of treatment of patients with genitourinary menopausal syndrome if there are contraindications to topical hormone therapy or if the patient refuses it. With the help of collagen-contain-ing gel with microparticle size of 100-200 microns it is possible to achieve quick and significant effect in relieving or reducing symptoms of GUMS, but the need for repeated treatment arises after 3 months. Collagen-containing gel with microparticle size of 200-360 µm allows to achieve smoother improvement of symptoms, which lasts significantly longer. © 2020, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved

Метафизика творческого поиска

Монография «Метафизика научного поиска» является коллективной научной работой, которая посвящена продолжению систематического обобщения, изложения идей и опыта работы членов секции «Теория и методология творчества» Российского Философского общества. Работа может быть полезной для исследователей креативной проблематики, для интересующихся проблемами творчества, для студентов и аспирантов, а также для подготовки курсов и спецкурсов по философии культуры, философии творчества, для всех, кто имеет интерес к рассматриваемой проблематике