The bacteria of the clostridium botulium C and D types

TypescriptThesis (DVSc?) - University of South Africa, 1929Includes bibliographical referencesab201

A note on strains of tuberculosis from the Cape Kudu

Several strains of M. tuberculosis isolated from cases of tuberculosis in the kudu were shown to be bovine in type, as judged by their growth characteristics and the results of inoculation of laboratory animals, cattle and goats.The articles have been scanned in colour with a HP Scanjet 5590; 300dpi. Adobe Acrobat XI Pro was used to OCR the text and also for the merging and conversion to the final presentation PDF-format

The antigenic components of the toxins of Cl. botulinum types C and D

Toxic broth filtrates of one A, one B, six C, and one D types Cl. botulinum, and the antitoxins produced by injecting these filtrates into goats have been tested, from the standpoint of working out the antigenic "make up" of the toxins. The results obtained indicate:- (1) The A and the B types are monospecific. (2) The C types contain three components (a) C₁ , (b) C₂ , and D. The D fraction is contained in only very slight amount. (3) The D type contains chiefly the D, but also a small quantity of the C fraction.The articles have been scanned in colour with a HP Scanjet 5590;300dpi. adobe Acrobat XI Pro was used to OCR the text and also for the merging and conversion to the final presentation PDF-format

Dr P.J. du Toit : an appreciation

Retirement of Dr. P.J. du Toit as Director of Veterinary Services, Department of Agriculture, and as Dean of the Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Union of South Africa.The articles have been scanned in colour with a HP Scanjet 5590; 300dpi. Adobe Acrobat XI Pro was used to OCR the text and also for the merging and conversion to the final presentation PDF-format

Silicon isotopes in Antarctic sponges : an interlaboratory comparison

Cycling of deepwater silicon (Si) within the Southern Ocean, and its transport into other ocean basins, may be an important player in the uptake of atmospheric carbon, and global climate. Recent work has shown that the Si isotope (denoted by δ29Si or δ30Si) composition of deep sea sponges reflects the availability of dissolved Si during growth, and is a potential proxy for past deep and intermediate water silicic acid concentrations. As with any geochemical tool, it is essential to ensure analytical precision and accuracy, and consistency between methodologies and laboratories. Analytical bias may exist between laboratories, and sponge material may have matrix effects leading to offsets between samples and standards. Here, we report an interlaboratory evaluation of Si isotopes in Antarctic and sub-Antarctic sponges. We review independent methods for measuring Si isotopes in sponge spicules. Our results show that separate subsamples of non-homogenized sponges measured by three methods yield isotopic values within analytical error for over 80% of specimens. The relationship between δ29Si and δ30Si in sponges is consistent with kinetic fractionation during biomineralization. Sponge Si isotope analyses show potential as palaeoceaongraphic archives, and we suggest Southern Ocean sponge material would form a useful additional reference standard for future spicule analyses

Swine fever in South Africa

1. It is believed that various outbreaks of swine fever in South Africa have probably occurred since 1900. The disease in domestic pigs produced by the blood of warthogs resembled the European disease. Probably in swine fever, as in many virus diseases, more than one "strain" of virus exists. 2. Reference was made to the virulent nature of this disease in South Africa, and the fact that it does not progress as an enzootic as in European countries. A number of recovered animals harboured the virus for long periods. 3. It is quite likely that the virus in South Africa may also be maintained in a limited number of warthogs in certain areas of Northern Transvaal where domestic pigs occasionally become infected. That may explain the intermittent incidence of this disease in South Africa. 4. From the investigations carried out it would appear that the following may occur in South Africa: (a) Uncomplicated very acute form of swine fever without manifestations of "boutons", diphtheresis, hepatization of the lungs, etc. (b) Swine fever possibly complicated by such secondary infections as S. cholerae suis and B. suisepticus. (c) A septicaemic type of S. cholerae suis infection in an enzootic form and probably associated with such predisposing causes as bad hygiene, overcrowding, defective feeding, etc. 5. A description of the main pathological changes is given, and the value of the histological examination of organs for diagnostic purposes is discussed.The articles have been scanned in colour with a HP Scanjet 5590; 300dpi. Adobe Acrobat XI Pro was used to OCR the text and also for the merging and conversion to the final presentation PDF-format

Cigarette Smoking, Birthweight and Osteoporosis in Adulthood: Results from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study

We looked for interaction between early environment and adult lifestyle in determination of bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) among 498 men and 468 women for whom birth records were available. Participants completed a health questionnaire, and bone densitometry (DXA) of the lumbar spine and femoral neck performed

Demographics, social position, dental status and oral health-related quality of life in community-dwelling older adults

Purpose To identify demographic, socioeconomic and dental clinical predictors of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in elderly people. Methods Cross-sectional study involving 613 elderly people aged 65–74 years in Manaus, Brazil. Interviews and oral examinations were carried out to collect demographic characteristics (age and sex) and socioeconomic data (income and education), dental clinical measures (DMFT, need of upper and lower dentures) and OHRQoL (GOHAI questionnaire). Structural equation modelling was used to estimate direct and indirect pathways between the variables. Results Being older predicted lower schooling but higher income. Higher income was linked to better dental status, which was linked to better OHRQoL. There were also indirect pathways. Age and education were linked to OHRQoL, mediated by clinical dental status. Income was associated with dental clinical status via education, and income predicted OHRQoL via education and clinical measures. Conclusion Our findings elucidate the complex pathways between individual, environmental factors and clinical factors that may determine OHRQoL and support the application of public health approaches to improve oral health in older people