Which patients with venous thrombosis do not require screening for malignancy? A predictive model to identify patients with VTE at minimal risk of malignancy

Deletion of 16q (del(16q)) has been identified in 15% of newly diagnosed myeloma but the prognostic impact has not been determined. We performed FISH on CD138 selected plasma cells from 861 newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma from the LRF UK Myeloma Forum Cytogenetics Database. Del(16q) occurred in 168/861 cases (19.5%) and was significantly associated with deletion 13q (54.8% vs 43.5%, P50.009), deletion of IgH (19.6% vs 8.7%, Po0.001), deletion 17p (20.7% vs 7.2%, Po0.001) and nonhyperdiploid status (47.9% vs 40.3%, P50.043). Clinical and survival data was available in 505 patients. Median age was 65 years (range 33–92) and median follow-up was 19 months. Del(16q) showed no association with baseline clinical and demographic parameters but was associated with a significantly worse overall survival (median survival 36 months vs not reached, P50.025). Moreover, del(16q) conferred additional adverse impact in combination with the known poor risk cytogenetic factors t(4;14) and deletion 17p (del(17p)). Median survival for del(16q) and t(4;14) was 13 months, del (16q) alone 36 months, t(4;14) alone not reached, P50.001. Median survival for del(16q) and del(17p) was 17 months, del(16q) alone 36 months, del(17p) alone not reached, P50.003. Multivariate analysis confirmed that del(16q) retained independence as an adverse prognostic marker (P50.003) along with t(4;14), t(14;16), light chain isotype, WHO performance status, ISS and age.Integration of gene mapping with global gene expression data in a subset of 55 cases identified two potential tumour suppressor genes located on 16q, CYLD and WWOX. We have shown that loss of CYLD dysregulates the NFkB pathway and loss of WWOX dysregulates apoptosis via p73, both of crucial importance in myeloma biology. WWOX is also a common fragile site gene and deletions at other common fragile sites were identified that may also contribute to myeloma pathogenesis. An update of this mapping and expression data including the NFkB signature associated with 16q deletion will be presented

Soil attributes and efficiency of sulfentrazone on control of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) Atributos de solo e a eficiência do sulfentrazone no controle de tiririca (Cyperus rotundus L.)

In the soil, herbicides are submitted to absorption, leaching and degradation by physical, chemical and biological processes or absorbed by plants. All these processes are dependent on soil class and weather conditions and affect the product efficiency on weed control. The objective of this work was to investigate the influence of soil attributes on sulfentrazone efficiency for controlling purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L. ). Soil samples from LVAd (Typic Haplustox), LVd, LVdf and LVef (Typic Haplustox and Typic Eutrustox), NVe (Rhodic Kandiustalf), and LVd (Typic Haplustox) were collected under two crop conditions aiming to have different clay, Fe oxides, and organic matter contents. The soil samples were submitted to granulometric, chemical and mineralogical characterization. A bioassay was used to evaluate the efficacy of sulfentrazone (1.6 L c.p. ha-1) to control purple nutsedge on pre-emergence. The sulfentrazone behaved differently among the studied soil classes. The product efficiency decreased when the soil Fe oxide content increased, following the order: LVAd, LVd, NVe, LVef and LVdf. Clay content, ranging from 240 to 640 g kg-1, and organic matter content, ranging from 12 to 78 g kg-1, did not influence sulfentrazone efficiency.<br>Herbicidas aplicados ao solo são submetidos à adsorção, lixiviação e degradação por processos físicos, químicos e biológicos, além da absorção pelas plantas. Todos esses processos são afetados pela classe dos solos onde foram aplicados e das condições climáticas reinantes logo após a aplicação, que afetarão a eficiência dos produtos no controle de plantas daninhas. Investigaram-se as influências dos atributos de solos e condições de cultivo na eficiência do herbicida sulfentrazone no controle da planta daninha tiririca (Cyperus rotundus L.). O Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo Distrófico (LVAd), o Latossolo Vermelho (LVd - Distrófico; LVdf - Distroférrico; LVef - Eutroférrico) e o Nitossolo Vermelho Eutrófico (NVe) foram coletados sob duas condições de cultivo, visando obter solos com teores diferenciados de argila, óxido de ferro e matéria orgânica. As amostras dos solos foram submetidas à caracterização granulométrica, química e mineralógica e, em seguida, utilizadas no bioensaio de avaliação da eficiência do sulfentrazone (1,6 L p.c. ha-1) no controle da tiririca em condições de pré-emergência. O sulfentrazone apresentou comportamento diferenciado entre as classes de solos estudados e a sua eficiência diminuiu com o aumento do teor de óxido de ferro nos solos, na seguinte ordem: LVAd, LVd, NVe, LVef e LVdf, sendo que as variações nos teores de argila (240 a 640 g kg-1) e da matéria orgânica (12 a 78 g kg-1) dos solos não interferiram na eficiência do sulfentrazone