The resocialization process of elderly and disabled through club activities in institutional care

The article presents the results of sociological research on the issues of the re-socialization of elderly and people with functional limitations and health problems through club activities, based on the example of five institutions (boarding houses for the elderly and disabled) located in Belgorod regio

THE RESOCIALIZATION PROCESS OF ELDERLY AND DISABLED THROUGH CLUB ACTIVITIES IN INSTITUTIONAL CARE

Purpose: The article presents the results of sociological research on the issues of the re-socialization of elderly and people with functional limitations and health problems through club activities, based on the example of five institutions (boarding houses for the elderly and disabled) located in Belgorod region. Methodology: The study was conducted in 2019 and included two stages: (1) the survey of elderly and disabled, living in institutional care (n = 60) and (2) the expert survey (n = 30), including employees and the administration of boarding houses for the elderly and disabled. Result: The research found that the successful re-socialization of the elderly and disabled living in residential institutions depends on a combination of factors: the social infrastructure of the institutional care, health status, interpersonal relations with the staff, the range of social connections, as well as the diversity of leisure facilities and their own activity. The results of the study suggest that the involvement in the club activities of the elderly and disabled, living in residential institutions will become a significant resource for their re-socialization process. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of The Resocialization Process of Elderly and Disabled through Club Activities in Institutional Care is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner

Life trajectories of parents who’s parental rights were terminated: the sociological research

Life trajectories of parents who’s parental rights were terminated: the sociological research / O. A. Volkova [et al.] // Indo American journal of pharmaceutical sciences. - 2017. - N04(09).-P. 3128-3133. - Refer.: p. 3132-3133.The article presents the results of a sociological research conducted in 2016 in the Belgorod, Saratov regions and the Trans-Baikal Territory and includes two stages. On the first stage there was the expert survey (n=25), where the informants were employees of the guardianship authorities; social services; education, health care and law institution

Analysis of the Specificity of the Social Integration of People Living in Urban and Rural Areas

Analysis of the Specificity of the Social Integration of People Living in Urban and Rural Areas / E. A. Chefonova [et al.] // The Social Sciences. - 2016. - N11(10).-P. 2408-2412. - Refer.: p. 2411-2412.The study presents an analysis of the social integration of people living in urban (small towns and urban-type settlements) and rural areas Prokhorovsky, Rakityansky, Yakov lev sky of the Belgorod region (Russia). Sociological research is carried out by using the method of questionnaire which provided the primary dat

Influence of addictions on stomatologic health and progress of students of higher education institutions

The work purpose - to study interrelation between the frequency of distribution of addictions and a state of health of students of higher education institutions. Examination of 365 students of stomatologic faculty of the Perm state medical university at the age of 21-26 years, and also 44 students of chemical faculty of the Perm state scientific research university at the age of 20-22 years is conducted. In the I gr. supervision special attention was paid on a condition of the mucous membrane of an oral cavity (MMOC) and the red border of lips (RBL) of the smoking students, and in the II gr. - on progress level depending on the frequency of distribution of addictions (smoking, alcohol intake). The obtained data confirm need of dispensary supervision over students, since their 1 st course in HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION, and teachers should carry out an individual approach when carrying out teaching and educational work.Цель работы - изучить взаимосвязь между частотой распространения вредных привычек и состоянием здоровья студентов вузов. Проведено обследование 365 студентов стоматологического факультета Пермского государственного медицинского университета в возрасте 21-26 лет, а также 44 студентов химического факультета Пермского государственного научного исследовательского университета в возрасте 20-22 лет. В l-й гр. наблюдений особое внимание обращали на состояние слизистой оболочки полости рта (СОПР) и красной каймы губ (ККГ) курящих студентов, а во II-й гр. - на уровень успеваемости в зависимости от частоты распространения вредных привычек (курение, употребление алкоголя). Полученные данные свидетельствуют о необходимости диспансерного наблюдения за студентами, начиная с 1-го курса обучения их в ВУЗе, а преподавателям следует осуществлять индивидуальный подход при проведении учебно-воспитательной работы

The peculiarities of clinical manifestations, biochemical and immune response in patients with chronic hepatitis of mixed etiology

У статті представлені дослідження клінічних, біохімічних і імунологічних показників у 31 хворого мікст-гепатит В + С, що проживають в Одеському регіоні. Виявлено кореляційні зв'язки між ступенем фіброзу печінки і деякими імунологічними показниками, що може бути додатковим критерієм тяжкості захворювання і дозволить скласти індивідуальний план ведення пацієнта.The number of patients increases annually, not only with chronic hepatitis C and B, but also patients in whom hepatitis has a mixed etiology. At the same time, the potentiating effect of the association of HBV and HCV with a high risk of developing progressive forms of chronic viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma is noted. Viral hepatites mixed etiologies are the result of superinfection, less often co-infection with the sequential or simultaneous activity of several hepatotropic viruses. It has been shown that viral mixed hepatitis is more often caused by a combination of HBV + HCV, as well as HCV + HBV + HDV. At the same time, HCV replication is noted in 64% of cases, and HBV replication - in 58% of cases. The objective: to study the immune status and biochemical parameters in patients with chronic hepatitis of mixed etiology (B + C) for a more accurate assessment of the severity of the pathological process. Materials and methods. There were examined 31 patients with chronic hepatitis В+С; their age was 18-62 years. All patients were evaluated traditional biochemical indices. In order to confirm the diagnosis in all patients by the PCR method, qualitative and quantitative determination of viral RNA and DNA was carried out. Results and its discussion. Clinical signs of the patients with HBV + C did not indicate a cyclic course of the disease, the severity of individual syndromes was uneven. All patients with chronic hepatitis B + C showed a significant increase in transaminase activity: the average value of AST was 2.27, ± 0.7 mmol / l per hour, and ALT - 3.29 ± 0.9 mmol / l per hour. The prothrombin index did not change significantly, its average value was 94.04 ± 0.39%. The study of lymphocyte subpopulations in the peripheral blood of patients with chronic hepatitis B + C established a low expression of CD3 + and CD4 +, as well as an increase in the number of cells expressing the CD8 + and CD19 + antigens compared with healthy individuals. The relationship of fibrotic changes in the liver tissue, biochemical indicators and indicators of cellular immunity was assessed using the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. There are the next interrelation of such indicators: • a negative (inverse) interrelation between the degree of fibrosis and the content of CD3 +, p <0.01 (patients with VHB+C with a lower degree of fibrosis have a greater number of CD3 + lymphocytes); • a strong negative (inverse) interrelation between the degree of fibrosis and the CD4 + content, p <0.01 (in patients with VHB+C with a lower degree of fibrosis have a greater number of CD4 + lymphocytes is noted); • a negative (inverse) interrelation between the degree of fibrosis and the content of CD16 +, p <0.01 (in patients with HVB+C with a lower degree of fibrosis have a higher number of CD16 + lymphocytes is noted); • a positive (direct) interrelation between the degree of fibrosis and the content of CD19 +, p <0.01 (patients with HVB+C with a lower degree of fibrosis have a smaller number of CD19 + lymphocytes is observed). The presence of a relationship between the degree of fibrosis and immunological parameters in patients with HVB + C allows using the obtained information as one of the additional criteria for the severity of the pathological process. The severity of changes in cellular immunity parameters may serve as an additional criterion for the degree of morphological disorders in the liver tissue.В статье представлены исследования клинических, биохимических и иммунологических показателей у 31 больного микст-гепатитом В+С, проживающих в Одесском регионе. Выявлены корреляционные связи между степенью фиброза печени и некоторыми иммунологическими показателями, что может быть дополнительным критерием тяжести заболевания и позволит составить индивидуальный план ведения пациента

Анализ 19,9 млн публикаций базы данных PubMed/MEDLINE методами искусственного интеллекта: подходы к обобщению накопленных данных и феномен “fake news”

Introduction. The English-language databases PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase are valuable information resources for finding original publications in basic and clinical medicine. Currently, there are no artificial intelligence systems to evaluate the quality of these publications.Aim. Development and testing of a system for sentiment analysis (i.e. analysis of emotional modality) of biomedical publications.Materials and methods. The technique of analysis of the “Big data” of biomedical publications was formulated on the basis of the topological theory of sentiment analysis. Algorithms have been developed that allow for the classification of texts from 16 sentiment classes with 90% accuracy (manipulative speech, research without positive results, propaganda, falsification of results, negative personal attitude, aggressive text, negative emotional background, etc.). Based on the algorithms, a scale for assessing the sentiment quality of research (β-score) is proposed.Results. Abstracts of 19.9 million publications registered in PubMed/MEDLINE over the past 50 years (1970–2019) were analyzed. It was shown that publications with low sentiment quality (the value of the β-score of the text is less than zero, which corresponds to the prevalence of manipulative and negative sentiments in the text) comprise only 18.5% (3.68 out of 19.9 million). The greatest values of the β-score were characterized by publications on sports medicine, systems biology, nutrition, on the use of applied mathematics and data mining in medicine. The rubrication of the entire array of publications by 27,840 headings (MESH-system of PubMed/MEDLINE) indicated an increase in the β-score by years (i.e., the positive dynamics of sentiment quality of the texts of publications) for 27,090 of the studied headings. The most intense positive dynamics was found for research in genetics, physiology, pharmacology, and gerontology. 249 headings with sharply negative dynamics of sentiment quality and with a pronounced increase in the manipulative sentiments characteristic of the tabloid press were highlighted. Separate assessments of international experts are presented that confirm the patterns identified.Conclusion. The proposed artificial intelligence system allows a researcher to make an effective assessment of the sentiment quality of biomedical research papers, filtering out potentially inappropriate publications disguised as “evidence-based”.  Введение. Англоязычные базы данных PubMed/MEDLINE и Embase являются ценными информационными ресурсами для нахождения оригинальных публикаций по фундаментальной и клинической медицине. В настоящее время не существует систем искусственного интеллекта, позволяющих оценивать качество этих публикаций.Цель. Разработка и апробация системы для проведения сентимент-анализа (то есть анализа эмоциональной модальности) публикаций по биомедицине.Материалы и методы. Сформулирована методика анализа «больших данных» биомедицинских публикаций, основанная на топологической теории сентимент-анализа медицинских текстов. Разработаны алгоритмы, позволяющие с 90%-й точностью классифицировать тексты по 16 классам сентиментов (манипулятивные обороты речи, исследования без положительных результатов, пропаганда, подделка результатов, негативное личное отношение, агрессивность текста, негативный эмоциональный фон и др.). На основе алгоритмов предложена балльная шкала оценки сентимент-качества исследований (β-балл).Результаты. Проведен анализ текстов абстрактов 19,9 млн публикаций, зарегистрированных в PubMed/MEDLINE за последние 50 лет (1970–2019). Показано, что публикации с низким сентимент-качеством (значение β-балла текста меньше нуля, что соответствует преобладанию манипулятивных и негативных сентиментов в тексте) составляют всего 18,5% (3,68 из 19,9 млн).  Наибольшими значениями β-балла характеризовались публикации по спортивной медицине,  системной биологии, нутрициологии, по использованию методов прикладной математики и интеллектуального анализа данных в медицине. Рубрикация всего массива публикаций по 27840 рубрикам (MESH-система PubMed/MEDLINE) указала на повышение β-балла по годам (то есть на положительную динамику сентимент-качества текстов публикаций) для 27090 исследованных рубрик. Наиболее интенсивная положительная динамика найдена для исследований по генетике, физиологии, фармакологии и геронтологии. Выделены 249 рубрик с резко отрицательной  динамикой сентимент-качества и с выраженным нарастанием манипулятивных сентиментов,  характерных для «желтой» англоязычной прессы. Приведены отдельные оценки международных экспертов, которые подтверждают выявленные закономерности. Заключение. Разработанная система искусственного интеллекта позволяет проводить  эффективную оценку сентимент-качества биомедицинских исследований, отфильтровывая  потенциально неадекватные публикации, публикуемые под маской «доказательных». 

Justification of modern magnesium preparations for the prevention of obstetric complications

The review examined the biological role of magnesium in providing numerous physiological processes occurring in the human body, as well as in the physiological course of pregnancy. Magnesium deficiency is defined. It was found that tissues with a high concentration of magnesium are the brain, myocardium, connective tissue, muscles, uterus and especially placenta - in pregnancy. The reasons for the high incidence of magnesium deficiency in the population and in pregnant women in particular were discussed.Modern reference values of magnesium level in different biological environments and expediency of complex evaluation of the body magnesium supply are presented.Risk groups of pregnant women with hypomagnesemia in need of magnesium therapy courses have been determined. Efficiency of preeclampsia prevention in pregnant women who received three monthly courses of oral magnesium during pregnancy was shown. Reasonability of prophylaxis of widespread complications of pregnancy (reccurent pregnancy loss, etc.) with application of vitamin-mineral complexes containing magnesium and components of synergistic action is justified. When diagnosing magnesium deficiency, it is necessary to replenish it by means containing organic magnesium salts in combination with pyridoxine in adequate doses. The problem of bioavailability of various organic magnesium compounds in medicinal preparations is considered.The Latest data of domestic and foreign scientific Literature, including those from the point of view of evidence-based medicine, showing the effectiveness of oral magnesium preparations for the prevention of obstetric complications, are presented.Safety and preference of magnesium citrate use as the most bioavaiLabLe substrate for magnesium therapy in pregnant women is justified, recommendations on use of medicines are given

Regional safety as an object of sociological monitoring

The starting point for the scientific discussion of the article is the widely accepted fact of the economic and social inequality of different Russian regions’ development including inequality of risks. The article aims to explain the necessity of conducting complex economic and sociological regional monitoring of different communities safety status. The authors emphasize the scientific and practical need in the information on the subjective estimates of risks and ways to overcome them obtained through the representative sociological surveys. Using the retrospective format of the methodological reflection of the empirical studies conducted by the authors and their colleagues in different Russian regions, the authors analyze the methodological grounds for the study of such indicators as social safety, risk perception, estimates of life safety, etc. which are effective for regional monitoring aims. The authors consider such concepts as ‘risk-compensation’ and ‘risk-advantage’, ‘risk-security’, ‘risk-permissibility’ and ;risk-decision’; and prove the prognostic potential of the social acceptability of risk as a complex indicator for social actors’ communication on the security status of regions and local safety

Thalamic Ischemic Stroke as a Result of the Occlusion of the Artery of Persheron

The artery of Percheron originates from the right or left posterior cerebral artery and is one of the options for normal blood supply to the paramedian portions of the thalamus. Stroke in this area has specific MRI changes, the most informative ones in diffusion-weighted imaging mode. With the involvement of the midbrain, its pial surface can display an additional pathognomonic V-shaped sign in 67%. The clinical manifestations are non-specific. In some cases, there is a triad of symptoms, which is distinguished into paramedian thalamic syndrome (vertical gaze palsy, neuropsychological disorders, and depressed level of consciousness up to coma). The symptoms of a midbrain lesion as oculomotor nerve group diseases, contralateral hemiparesis, hemiataxia or hemianesthesia, in combination with a triad, develop a thalamopeduncular or mesencephalon thalamic syndrome. The paper presents a clinical case of a 59-year-old man who was hospitalized with acute unconsciousness, a Glasgow coma scale of 13 scores, and disorientation. A neurological examination revealed vertical gaze palsy and upper limb ataxia. Brain MRI revealed characteristic bithalamic paramedian stroke. After completing the treatment, the patient was discharged showing incomplete clinical recovery