Relación entre la complejidad técnico-táctica en la sesión de entrenamiento y la carga interna en baloncesto femenino

The objective of this work was to analyze the rating scale load-Tactical Technical (Coque, 2009) Training and Its Relationship with internal load parameters. Currently, a planning model characterized by concern to improve the interpretation that the subject does what happens around them during the competition (Martin Steel, Seirul-lo Vargas, Lake Peñas, and Novoa Lalin arises, 2013), to modify the response and in turn, the drive scheme. The study involved the players formed Women's League team Basketball Club Conquero, composed of 12 players, aged between 17 and 33 years (M = 21.91, SD = 4.81). Data were collected during the last two months of competition in February and March. Par obtain the data necessary the following scales of subjective assessment of the burden of technical and tactical training (Coque, 2009), perceived exertion (Borg, 1970; 1998; Borg & Kaijser,2006) and quality of recovery (Kentta & Hassmen, 1998) were used. The results showed that only the density of training is the only marker that could explain significantly (91.4%) perceived effort of the players. According to data from the perceived exertion, it could be used for monitoring training regarding technical and tactical complexity.El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la Escala de Valoración de la Carga del entrenamiento Técnico-Táctico (Coque, 2009) y su relación con parámetros de carga interna. En la actualidad, se plantea un modelo de planificación que se caracteriza por la preocupación de mejorar la interpretación que el sujeto hace de lo que sucede a su alrededor durante la competición (Martín Acero, Seirul-lo Vargas, Lago Peñas, y Novoa Lalín, 2013), para así modificar la respuesta y a su vez, el esquema motriz. El estudio contó con las jugadoras del equipo de Liga Femenina del Club Baloncesto Conquero, compuesto por 12 jugadoras, con edades comprendidas entre 17 y 33 años (M = 21.91; SD = 4.81). Los datos fueron recogidos durante los dos últimos meses de competición que se corresponden con los meses de febrero y marzo de 2016. Para obtener los datos necesarios se utilizaron la escala de valoración subjetiva de la carga de entrenamiento Técnico-Táctico  (Coque, 2009), la percepción subjetiva del esfuerzo (Borg, 1970; 1998; Borg & Kaijser,2006) y la calidad de la recuperación  (Kentta & Hassmen, 1998). Los resultados mostraron que sólo la densidad del entrenamiento es el único marcador que podría explicar, de forma importante (91.4%), el esfuerzo percibido de las jugadoras. Según los datos obtenidos la percepción subjetiva del esfuerzo podría ser utilizada para la monitorización del entrenamiento en cuanto a la complejidad técnico-táctica del mismo

Basic human values in a young group: advances in exploratory study

Este trabajo se inscribe en la Línea de Investigación en Niñez y Adolescencia desarrollada desde 1998. Primariamente, se tuvo como objetivo conocer el perfil psicopatológico de poblaciones adolescentes con variables sociodemográficas; posteriormente las competencias y por último Afrontamiento y Valores, buscando un acercamiento desde la Psicología Positiva (Dahlsgaard, Peterson & Seligman, 2005). Esta presentación se centra en los resultados preliminares sobre una población de jóvenes estudiantes de nivel secundario (N=152), de edades entre 12 y 18 años, ambos sexos, pertenecientes a un nivel socioeconómico medio. El instrumento utilizado para el estudio es el desarrollado por Valdiney V. Gouveia (1998), siguiendo la línea de trabajo de S. Schwartz y W. Bilsky (1987, 1990, 1994). Uno de los productos iniciales fue la observación del comportamiento del instrumento en nuestro medio, a partir de allí se realizaron algunas modificaciones -de orden lingüístico-. En el análisis de resultados se trabaja –en la primera fase- con estadística descriptiva, para conocer el Perfil de los jóvenes encuestados. Los hallazgos plantean diferencias según sexo, con valores de M menores para chicas en Experimentación y Realización (Agrupamiento de Valores Personales); así como en, Existencia (Valores Centrales) y -de menor cuantía- en Normativos (Valores Sociales), produciéndose un aumento de M en Suprapersonales – de V. Centrales- (de poca significación) y en Interacción (grupo de V. Sociales). En los seleccionados por los jóvenes como menos importantes, se encuentran los Valores de Realización –del grupo de Personales- y los Normativos –V. Sociales-, en tanto los considerados Más importantes fueron los de Interacción (V. Sociales), seguidos de los de Existencia (V. Centrales). El estudio pone de manifiesto la importancia de algunos grupos de Valores, lo que requeriría de un análisis en relación a los comportamientos con los que se expresan y su importancia cultural. Las conclusiones abren el debate, desde la propia expresión del valor y sobre su relación con la psicopatología y por otro lado con el bienestar. This work is part of a wide area of Study, developed since 1998 and focused on Childhood and Adolescence. At first, the aim was to research the psychopathological profile of adolescents, with sociodemographic variables. Further on Competence, Coping and Values were added for an approach from the Positive Psychology (Dahlsgaard, Peterson & Seligman, 2005). This article presents the preliminar results of a youth sample of secondary level students (n=152), aged 12 to 18, male and female, belonging to a medium socioeconomical status. The instrument used for the study is the Basic Values Questionnaire, developed by Valdiney V. Gouveia (1998), based on the studies of S. Schwartz and W. Bilsky (1987, 1990, 2004). Once the performance of this instrument was tested with our Spanish speaking population, some linguistic adaptations were implemented. To obtain the profile of the interviewed adolescents, descriptive statistic is used. The results show to statistically significant difference between girls and boys in Experimenting and Realization Values (Personnel Values Group); as well in Existence (Central Category Value) and in Normative (Social Value), with bigger M quantity in Suprapersonnel Value (Central Value) and Interaction (Social Category Value). In response to open questions about the most and the least important values, subjects have chosen Interaction (Social Value) and Existence Values (Central Value) as the most important ones, and Realization Values (Personal Value) and the Normative Values (Central Value Category), as the least important ones. The study shows the importance of some groups of Values, what would require an analysis in relation to the behaviours with those that are expressed and their cultural relevance. The conclusions open the debate, from the own expression of the value and their relationship with the psychopathology and on the other hand with the well-being.

Extracellular compounds produced by fungi associated with Botryosphaeria dieback induce differential defence gene expression patterns and necrosis in Vitis vinifera cv. Chardonnay cells

Three major grapevine trunk diseases, esca, botryosphaeria dieback and eutypa dieback, pose important economic problems for vineyards worldwide, and currently, no efficient treatment is available to control these diseases. The different fungi associated with grapevine trunk diseases can be isolated in the necrotic wood, but not in the symptomatic leaves. Other factors seem to be responsible for the foliar symptoms and may represent the link between wood and foliar symptoms. One hypothesis is that the extracellular compounds produced by the fungi associated with grapevine trunk diseases are responsible for pathogenicity. In the present work, we used Vitis vinifera cv. Chardonnay cells to test the aggressiveness of total extracellular compounds produced by Diplodia seriata and Neofusicoccum parvum, two causal agents associated with botryosphaeria dieback. Additionally, the toxicity of purified mellein, a characteristic toxin present in the extracellular compounds of Botryosphaeriaceae, was assessed. Our results show that the total extracellular compounds produced by N. parvum induce more necrosis on Chardonnay calli and induce a different defence gene expression pattern than those of D. seriata. Mellein was produced by both fungi in amounts proportional to its aggressiveness. However, when purified mellein was added to the culture medium of calli, only a delayed necrosis and a lower-level expression of defence genes were observed. Extracellular compounds seem to be involved in the pathogenicity of the fungi associated with botryosphaeria dieback. However, the doses of mellein used in this study are 100 times higher than those found in the liquid fungal cultures: therefore, the possible function of this toxin is discussed

Homocysteine and cognition: A systematic review of 111 studies

Background Elevated plasma homocysteine ​​(Hcy) levels have been associated with cognitive dysfunction in a wide range of conditions. The aim of this review is to establish which cognitive domains and populations are the most affected. Methods We systematically review the literature and consider all articles that showed any relationship between plasma Hcy levels and scores achieved on cognitive performance tests in both, the general population and patients suffering from central nervous system disorders and other diseases. When effect sizes were available and combinable, several meta-analyses were performed. Results We found 111 pertinent articles. There were 24 cohort studies, 18 randomized trials, 21 case-control studies, and 48 cross-sectional studies. This review reveals a positive trend between cognitive decline and increased plasma Hcy concentrations in general population and in patients with cognitive impairments. Results from the meta-analyses also confirm this trend. Treatment with vitamin supplementation fails to show a reduction in cognitive decline. Discussion Further investigations are warranted to clarify this relationship. Earlier detection of the elevated Hcy levels may be an effective intervention to prevent cognitive impairment and dementia

Models to represent linguistic linked data

As the interest of the Semantic Web and computational linguistics communities in linguistic linked data (LLD) keeps increasing and the number of contributions that dwell on LLD rapidly grows, scholars (and linguists in particular) interested in the development of LLD resources sometimes find it difficult to determine which mechanism is suitable for their needs and which challenges have already been addressed. This review seeks to present the state of the art on the models, ontologies and their extensions to represent language resources as LLD by focusing on the nature of the linguistic content they aim to encode. Four basic groups of models are distinguished in this work: models to represent the main elements of lexical resources (group 1), vocabularies developed as extensions to models in group 1 and ontologies that provide more granularity on specific levels of linguistic analysis (group 2), catalogues of linguistic data categories (group 3) and other models such as corpora models or service-oriented ones (group 4). Contributions encompassed in these four groups are described, highlighting their reuse by the community and the modelling challenges that are still to be faced

Stability of schizophrenia diagnosis in a ten-year longitudinal study on first episode of non-affective psychosis: conclusions from the PAFIP cohort

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the ten-year stability of schizophrenia diagnosis in a cohort of first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients and the factors associated with it. METHODS: Changes in diagnosis of 209 FEP patients were described during ten years of follow-up. Related factors with maintenance or change of schizophrenia diagnosis were evaluated in prospective and retrospective approaches through Binary Logistic Regressions, ROC and survival curves. RESULTS: Out of the 209 patients, 126 were diagnosed of schizophrenia six months after their inclusion in the clinical program. Prospective analyses showed that eight of those 126 schizophrenia patients had changed to a different diagnosis after ten years, and predictors of change were better childhood premorbid adjustment, less severity of clinical global impression at baseline, and diagnosis of comorbid personality disorder during follow-up. Retrospectively, out of the 154 patients with schizophrenia in the ten-year assessment, 36 had a different diagnosis at baseline, and those factors related with a different prior diagnosis than schizophrenia were better socioeconomic status and shorter duration of untreated psychosis (DUP). A survival analysis on the timing of schizophrenia diagnosis showed that male gender and longer DUP were predictors of earlier definite diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnostic stability of schizophrenia in our FEP sample is high, especially prospective stability, and the group of patients with diagnostic change corresponded to a milder psychopathological profile before and at the onset of disease. Moreover, we observed a cautious attitude in the diagnosis of schizophrenia in patients with shorter DUP who had schizophrenia diagnosis after ten years

A protein functionalization platform based on selective reactions at methionine residues.

Nature has a remarkable ability to carry out site-selective post-translational modification of proteins, therefore enabling a marked increase in their functional diversity1. Inspired by this, chemical tools have been developed for the synthetic manipulation of protein structure and function, and have become essential to the continued advancement of chemical biology, molecular biology and medicine. However, the number of chemical transformations that are suitable for effective protein functionalization is limited, because the stringent demands inherent to biological systems preclude the applicability of many potential processes2. These chemical transformations often need to be selective at a single site on a protein, proceed with very fast reaction rates, operate under biologically ambient conditions and should provide homogeneous products with near-perfect conversion2-7. Although many bioconjugation methods exist at cysteine, lysine and tyrosine, a method targeting a less-explored amino acid would considerably expand the protein functionalization toolbox. Here we report the development of a multifaceted approach to protein functionalization based on chemoselective labelling at methionine residues. By exploiting the electrophilic reactivity of a bespoke hypervalent iodine reagent, the S-Me group in the side chain of methionine can be targeted. The bioconjugation reaction is fast, selective, operates at low-micromolar concentrations and is complementary to existing bioconjugation strategies. Moreover, it produces a protein conjugate that is itself a high-energy intermediate with reactive properties and can serve as a platform for the development of secondary, visible-light-mediated bioorthogonal protein functionalization processes. The merger of these approaches provides a versatile platform for the development of distinct transformations that deliver information-rich protein conjugates directly from the native biomacromolecules